Digital Technologies for Smart Business, Economics and Education: Towards a Promising Future

Preface
Contents
Chapter 1: How to Digitize the Human Resource Management in the Era of Industry 4.0?
1 Introduction
2 Digital Transformation: Which Associated Technologies in the Era of the Industry 4.0?
2.1 History of the Industrial Revolution 4.0
2.2 The Principles of Industry 4.0
2.2.1 Interconnectivity
2.2.2 Information Transparency
2.2.3 Technical Aid
2.2.4 Decentralized Decisions
2.3 Digital Technologies/Tools Associated to Digital Transformation
2.3.1 Big Data and Analytics
2.3.2 Industrial Internet of Things (IOT)
2.3.3 COBOTS
2.3.4 The Cloud
2.3.5 Artificial Intelligence
2.3.6 Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality
3 Human Resource Management (HRM): Essence, Roles, and Functions’ Digitalization
3.1 HRM Essence and Roles
3.2 HRM Functions: How to Develop and Digitize Them?
3.2.1 Talent Acquisition and Orientation, Sourcing, Recruitment, and Induction
3.2.2 Compensation and Benefits
3.2.3 Employee Motivation and Morale/Talent Engagement
3.2.4 Talent Performance Management
3.2.5 Talent Development, Via Training, Coaching, and Mentoring
4 Transition to Industry 4.0: Associated Technologies and HRM Practices
4.1 Role of Digital and Innovative Technologies in Modernizing Human Resource Management Systems
4.2 New HR Practices and Challenges Faced by HR Managers in the Era of Industry 4.0
4.2.1 Skills and Human Capital Management
4.2.2 Organizational Development
5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 2: Welfaristic Spectrum of Digital Economy: Theoretical Perspective and Empirical Evidences
1 Introduction
2 Welfare Enroots of Digital Economy
3 Digital Economy Contribution in GDP
4 Income Inequality and Digital Economy
5 Dying Professions, Unemployment Risk, and Digital Economy
6 Digital Economy and Loss of Human Interaction or Socialisation
7 Consumer Surplus
8 Women and Child Abuses and Digital Economy
9 Distortion of Consumer Choice and Digital Promotion
10 Gender Divide and Digital Economy
11 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3: Impediments to the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Africa
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
2.1 Industrial 4.0 and Digital Economy: Definition and Main Concepts
2.2 Strategic Plan for Digital Transformation and Development
2.3 The Macroeconomic Effects of Digital Revolution
3 Research Methodology
4 Discussion
4.1 ICT Developments in African Countries
4.2 Digitization Progresses in Africa
4.2.1 Analysis of the Networked Readiness Index
4.2.2 Analysis of the United Nations E-Government Survey
4.3 Digital Transformation Challenges for African Countries
5 Conclusion and Recommendations
6 Practical Implications for Research and Policy
Appendices
Overall Networked Readiness Index (NRI) for African Countries (2012–2016)
African Countries GNI Per Capita (current US$, 2017) and E-Government Development Index (EGDI) 2018
References
Online Databases
Chapter 4: Patterns of Misalignment Between Performance of Fundamental Variables and Exchange Rate Determination in a Globalized World
1 Introduction
2 Exchange Rate System: Post-reform Period
2.1 Exchange Rate System in India
2.2 Exchange Rate System of China
2.3 USA Exchange Rate System
2.4 Determination of Exchange Rates
3 Review of Literature
4 Models
4.1 Variables
4.2 Data Sources: Secondary Data
5 Tests
6 Observation and Results
6.1 Unit Root Test (Table 4.2)
6.2 Pattern of Currency Misalignment with Respect to GDP (Table 4.3)
6.3 Pattern of Currency Misalignment with Respect to Interest Rate (Table 4.4)
6.4 Pattern of Currency Misalignment with Respect to Inflation (Table 4.5)
6.5 Pattern of Currency Misalignment with Respect to Current Account Balance (Table 4.6)
7 Conclusion
Bibliography
Chapter 5: Going Smart or Smarting by Efforts – Digitising Life in Covid Times
1 Introduction
2 Digitisation and Economy
2.1 Digitisation – Prior to COVID-19
2.2 Digital Divide
2.2.1 Economy, Education, and the Digital Divide – The Global Scenario
2.2.2 Economy, Education and the Digital Divide – The Indian Scenario
3 Digitisation in Education, Teaching–Learning Efficacy, Inclusion
3.1 Teaching–Learning Efficacy and Educational Digitisation
3.2 Digitisation, Inclusion, and Exclusion
4 Bringing It All Together – Summary and Concluding Remarks
4.1 Summary
4.2 Concluding Remarks
References
Chapter 6: Rethinking the Role of the Company’s Office and the Ways Employees Communicate: A Trend Accelerated by the Pandemic
1 Introduction
2 Employees’ Communication Changes at the Remote Work
3 Corporate Office Role During the Pandemic
4 Remote Work in Ukraine
4.1 Legislation About Remote Work in Ukraine
4.2 Remote Work During Quarantine in Ukraine
4.3 Remote Work During the War in Ukraine
5 Advantages and Disadvantages of Remote Work
6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 7: Development and Validation of an Online Shopping Scale Adapted to Specific Cities of India
1 Introduction
2 Theoretical Underpinning and Research Development
2.1 Outlining and Specifying the Construct’s Domain
2.2 Existing Online Shopping Scales
2.3 Theoretical Framework for the Development of a Multi-item Online Shopping Scale
3 Methods and Results on Multi-item Scale Development
3.1 Stage 1. Items’ Pool Generation (Via a Qualitative Study)
3.2 Stage 2. Organization and Refinement of the Pool of Items (by Exploring the Factors) (Study 1)
3.2.1 Sample and Data Collection
3.2.2 Factorial Analysis Through the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)
3.3 Stage 3. Cross-Validation of the Factorial Structure (Through the Scale Purification) (Study 2)
3.3.1 Sample and Data Collection Using Condensed Instrument
3.3.2 Restructuring Factors and Corresponding Items
3.4 Stage 4. Validation of the Scale Through Validity and Reliability Checking
3.4.1 Assessment of the Scale Validity
3.4.2 Assessment of the Scale Reliability
4 Results’ Analysis and Discussion
5 Conclusion and Managerial Implications
6 Limitations and Future Research Avenues
References
Chapter 8: Are StartUps and Small Businesses Ready to Adopt Digital Branding Strategies? A Critical Assessment
1 Introduction
1.1 Objectives of the Study
2 Literature Review
2.1 Startups and Small Businesses
2.2 Need and Benefits of Digital Branding for Startups and Small Businesses
2.3 Social Media Promotion (SMP)—Most Convenient and Widely Accepted Digital Branding Strategy
2.4 Perceived Return on Investment from Digital Branding
2.5 Cost of Digital Branding Adoption
2.6 Time Consumption for Digital Branding
2.7 Privacy in Digital Marketing
2.8 Adoption of Digital Branding
3 Digital Support as a Moderator Between PV and Adoption
4 Framework
5 Research Methodology
5.1 Survey Element
5.2 Sampling Element and Sample Size
6 Data Analysis
6.1 The Measurement Model
6.2 The Structural Model
6.2.1 Moderation Analysis
7 Hypotheses Testing
8 Discussion
9 Implications
9.1 Theoretical Implication
9.2 Practical Implication
10 Limitations and Future Scope
11 Conclusion
References
Chapter 9: Perceived Service Quality of Mobile Providers Through the Lens of Indian Young Adults
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Research Method
4 Results’ Presentation and Discussion
4.1 Differences Between the Expectations of Indian Adults and Their Experiences with Mobile Phone Providers
4.2 Differences Between Expectations of Indian Young Adults and Their Experiences with Respect to Their Providers’ Service Quality Perception
4.3 Differences Between Expectations of Indian Young Adults (West Bengal and Chhattisgarh) and Their Experiences Regarding Mobile Service
4.4 Differences Between Expectations of Indian Young Adults and Their Experiences with Respect to Their Different Service Providers
4.5 Differences Between Expectations of Indian Young Adults and Their Experience with Respect to Their Gender
4.6 Interaction Effect of Gender and Location on Expectations and Experiences of Indian Young Adults
5 Results’ Discussion
6 Practical Implications, Limitations, and Future Research Directions
References
Chapter 10: Contextualising Intersections Between Digitalisation and Education: Post-Pandemic Psychosocial Insights from Indian Classrooms
1 Introduction
1.1 Changes in the Wake of Covid-19
1.2 Social Divide in the Context of Digitalisation
1.3 Digital Gender Divide
1.4 Malady of Digitalisation for Children with Disabilities
1.5 Intersection of Parenting, Teaching, and E-learning
1.6 Social Exchange in Light of Digitalisation
1.7 Neurocognitive Correlates of the Effects of Excessive Screen Time upon Well-Being
1.8 Concomitant Digital Impact on the Indices of Health
1.9 Initiatives Taken by the Stakeholders
1.10 Concluding Thoughts
References
Chapter 11: Online Training in Present-Day Conditions: Opportunities and Prospects
1 Introduction: Relevance of the Study
2 Background of the Study
3 Identifying Challenging Aspects of Online Training Sessions
4 Overview of Online Training Opportunities and Advantages
4.1 Topics and Structure of Online Training Sessions
4.2 Time and Space
4.3 Group Work and Trainer’s Position
4.4 Technical Support and Feedback
5 Prospects of Online Training Development
6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 12: Effects of Evolving Applications of IoT in the Education Sector
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
2.1 Evolving Applications of IoT in Education
2.2 Prospects of IoT in Education
2.3 Need and Relevance of IOT Applications in Education
3 Methodology
4 Results’ Presentation and Discussion
4.1 Smart Boards
4.2 E-Books
4.3 Automated Attendance Recording
4.4 Augmented Reality
5 Case Study: Empirical Analysis of IoT Usage in SRMIST
5.1 Smart Boards
5.2 E-Books and Digital Notes
5.3 Attendance Recording
5.4 Online Portals
5.5 Augmented Reality
6 Conclusion
7 Main Recommendations and Suggestions
References
Webliography
Chapter 13: Effects of Gamified Learning on Academic Achievements: Does Gender Matter?
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
2.1 Gamification
2.2 Gamification in Education
2.3 Competency and Gamification
2.4 Gamification in Management Education
2.5 Gamification Constructs
2.5.1 Learning Achievement
2.5.2 Motivation and Engagement
2.5.3 Facilitating Infrastructure
2.5.4 Attitude
2.5.5 Gamification on Learning
3 Method
3.1 Data Collection
3.2 Data Analysis
4 Result
4.1 Measurement Models
4.2 Assessment of Multi-group Analysis
5 Discussion and Conclusion
6 Limitation and Recommendation for Future Research
References
Chapter 14: Students’ Perception of ICT Use in Higher Secondary School Students: An Exploratory Factor Analysis Approach
1 Introduction
2 Review of Literature
3 Objectives of the Study
4 Method
5 Results
5.1 Descriptive Statistics
5.2 Exploring the Component Structure of Students’ Perception of ICT
5.3 Reliability of the Domains of Students’ Perception of ICT Use
5.4 Mean Differences in Students’ Perception of ICT
6 Discussion
7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 15: College Management System and Ubiquitous Technologies in Education
1 Introduction
2 Related Research Works
3 Planning and Analysis
3.1 Problem Analysis
3.1.1 Issues in Existing Framework
3.1.2 Solution for These Problems
3.2 System Analysis and Arranging Versus User Necessity
3.2.1 User Requirements
3.3 Feasibility Gained by Our System
3.3.1 Specialized Feasibility
3.3.2 Economical Feasibility
3.3.3 Operational Feasibility
3.3.4 Cost-Benefit Analysis
3.4 Model Analysis
3.5 Survey of the System
3.5.1 Graphical Interface
3.5.2 Number of Modules
School Data
Student Tracking
Student Participation Status
Student’s Presentation in Tests
Test Notification
Occasions
Online Tasks
Data About Staff
3.6 System Planning
3.6.1 Pert Chart
3.6.2 Technical Feasibility
3.6.3 Economic Feasibility
3.6.4 Requirement Analysis
3.7 System Analysis and Design
3.7.1 Waterfall Model
3.7.2 ER-Diagram
3.7.3 Flow Chart
4 Method
4.1 Method Adopted and System Implementation
4.2 Details of Hardware and Software Used
4.2.1 Hardware Specification (Minimum)
4.2.2 Software Specification
4.3 Method Used for Testing
4.3.1 Testing Techniques
Black Box Testing
White Box Testing
Gray Box Testing
5 Results
5.1 Input and Output Screen Design (Snapshots)
6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
References
Chapter 16: Information and Communication Technologies in Education: A Framework for Transforming the Indian Education System through Smart Learning
1 Introduction
2 Objective of the Study
3 Methodology
4 ICT: Definitions and Meaning
5 Scope of ICT in the Education Sector
6 Capability of ICT in Creating a Digital Environment
7 Benefits of ICT in Education
8 Role of ICT in Education
8.1 Role of ICT in Higher Education
8.2 Role of ICT in Smart Learning
8.3 Teachers with ICT Competency in Smart Education
8.4 Learner-Centric Aspect of ICT in Smart Learning
9 ICT in India
10 Challenges to the Implementation of ICT in Education
11 Conclusion
References
Chapter 17: Information and Communication Technology Tools in Language Learning Classroom: Developing Metacognitive Skills and Its Social Ramifications
1 Introduction: The Problem at Hand
2 Research Questions and Research Gap
3 Information and Communication Technology–Based Education and Enhancement of Critical Thinking
4 Metacognition as a Language Learning Strategy
4.1 Activity 1: Story Telling Task
4.2 Activity 2: Reading Comprehension
4.3 Activity 3: Listening Exercises
4.4 Activity 4: Writing Exercise
5 Conclusion: Implication of the Study
References