Developmental Human Behavioral Epigenetics: Principles, Methods, Evidence, and Future Directions, Volume 23, a new volume in the Translational Epigenetics series, offers the first systematic account of theoretical G79 frameworks, methodological approaches, findings, and future directions in the field of human behavioral epigenetics. Featuring contributions from leading scientists and international researchers, this book provides a comprehensive overview of human behavioral epigenetics, with a close examination of evidence gathered to-date from animal models, challenges of human-based research and clinical translation, pathways towards drug discovery, and next steps in research.
Areas of focus include prenatal stress exposures, preterm behavioral epigenetics, intergenerational exposures, trauma and neglect, socio-economic conditions, maternal caregiving and attachment, study design, and epigenetics and psychotherapy.
Key Features
Enables more effective study design and methods application in behavioral epigenetics research across human and animal models
Examines findings in human behavioral epigenetics to-date
Features contributions from leading international researchers in behavioral epigenetics
Readership
Human geneticists; human genomicists; translational researchers in genomic medicine, epigenetics, neuroscience, neuropsychiatry, and biological psychiatry; life science researchers; developmental biologists; neurologists, psychiatrists; pharmacologists in industry and academia
Author(s): Livio Provenzi, Rosario Montirosso, Trygve Tollefsbol
Series: Translational Epigenetics, #23
Edition: 1
Publisher: Academic Press, Elsevier
Year: 2020
Language: English
Tags: Human genetics; genomic medicine; epigenetics; neuroscience; neuropsychiatry; biological psychiatry; developmental biology; neurology
Front-Matter_2021_Developmental-Human-Behavioral-Epigenetics
Front matter
Copyright_2021_Developmental-Human-Behavioral-Epigenetics
Copyright
Contributors_2021_Developmental-Human-Behavioral-Epigenetics
Contributors
Keeping-complexity-in-mind_2021_Developmental-Human-Behavioral-Epigenetics
Keeping complexity in mind
References
Chapter-1---Principles-of-epigenetics-and_2021_Developmental-Human-Behaviora
Principles of epigenetics and DNA methylation
Definition of epigenetics
Types of epigenetic modifications
DNA cytosine methylation
DNA cytosine hydroxymethylation
DNA adenosine methylation
RNA modifications
Histone modifications
RNAs
Environmental effects, cell metabolism and epigenetics
Epigenetic memory
Environmental effects
Cell metabolism, diet and microbiota
Methods for methylation analysis
Chromatin immunoprecipitation
Nucleosome positioning
DNA cytosine methylation analysis
Locus-specific DNA methylation analysis
Whole methylome analysis
Selected genome-wide methylation analysis
Epigenotyping arrays
Direct readout of DNA methylation
DNA methylation analysis of cell-free circulating DNA
Single-cell epigenomics
References
Chapter-2---From-animal-to-human-epi_2021_Developmental-Human-Behavioral-Epi
From animal to human epigenetics
A rat story: Behavioral epigenetics beginnings
Post-natal maternal environment shapes the epigenome and adult behavioral phenotypes of the offspring
Environmental stimuli delivered to parents trigger processes to transmit information to offspring
Permissive environments
Environmental enrichment
Maternal enrichment during pregnancy and/or lactation
Pre-reproductive parental enrichment
Aversive environments
Aversive environment: Animal studies
Epigenetic perturbation can be passed along
Combining human and non-human animal research
References
Chapter-3---An-overview-of-developmental-b_2021_Developmental-Human-Behavior
An overview of developmental behavioral genetics
Background/history
Behavioral genetic methodology
Key interpretative issues
Key results from twin and adoption studies
Gene-environment interplay
Gene-environment correlation
Passive rGE
Active rGE
Evocative rGE
Gene-environment interaction
Genomic approaches to behavioral genetics
Concluding remarks
References
Chapter-4---Prenatal-exposures-and-behavioral-ep_2021_Developmental-Human-Be
Prenatal exposures and behavioral epigenetics in human infants and children
Early environmental programming
Biological embedding
Fetal DNA methylation after exposure to prenatal stress
Does DNA methylation at birth predict postnatal outcomes?
Further directions
References
Chapter-5---Applying-behavioral-epigenetic-princi_2021_Developmental-Human-B
Applying behavioral epigenetic principles to preterm birth and early stress exposure
Introduction
Background
Epigenetic regulation by early adverse experiences
Epigenetic regulation by early protective experiences
Preterm birth and NICU-related early adverse experiences
Preterm birth and NICU-related early protective experiences
A rationale for preterm behavioral epigenetics
State of the art of PBE research
Epigenetic effects of prenatal conditions
Epigenetic profile of preterm infants/children
Epigenetic effects of NICU-related stress
Developmental outcomes of epigenetic alterations in preterm infants/children
Future directions
Clinical implications
References
Chapter-6---Long-term-epigenetic-effects-o_2021_Developmental-Human-Behavior
Long-term epigenetic effects of parental caregiving
The special case of human parenting in the ELA spectrum
Gene- (parenting-)environment interactions and epigenetics
Parental care and offspring DNA methylation
Association between parenting and DNA methylation of genes involved in the HPA axis
Parenting and DNA methylation of genes relevant for other stress-related psychobiological systems
Oxytocin
Serotonin
Neurotrophins
Genes of the immune system
Gene networks and epigenetic variation
Epigenetics and attachment theory
Challenges and opportunities for epigenetic studies on parenting
Outlook
Ethics
Conceptional
Statistical-analytical
References
Chapter-7---Intergenerational-transmission-of-s_2021_Developmental-Human-Beh
Intergenerational transmission of stress-related epigenetic regulation
A brief history of inheritance of acquired characteristics
Lamarckism
Charles Darwin and pangenesis
Weismann barrier
Neo-Darwinism and future directions
Epigenetic mechanisms
DNA methylation
Methylation life cycle and reprogramming
The Agouti mouse
Intergenerational, transgenerational inheritance of stress in humans and animals
Intergenerational inheritance vs transgenerational inheritance
Intergenerational epigenetic inheritance of stress in humans
Intergenerational transmission of stress in animal models
Mechanisms of epigenetic inheritance
Mechanisms of epigenetic heredity
Future directions, conclusions
Summary: What we know
Intervention and prevention
References
Chapter-8---The-role-of-protective-caregiving-in_2021_Developmental-Human-Be
The role of protective caregiving in epigenetic regulation in human infants
Introduction
Maternal caregiving and DNA methylation
The specific role of maternal physical contact
Open questions and challenges in human epigenetics research
Future perspectives
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter-9---Embedding-early-experiences-into-brain_2021_Developmental-Human-
Embedding early experiences into brain function: Perspectives from behavioral epigenetics
Perspectives
Acknowledgments
References
Index_2021_Developmental-Human-Behavioral-Epigenetics
Index
