Design and Science

Cover
Halftitle page
Title page
Copyright page
Contents
Contributors
Illustrations
Introduction LESLIE ATZMON
Messy: Unlearning and Illumination in Creative Work
Visual Metaphor and Associative Thinking
Externalization: Sketches and Models
Creation, Reflection, and Reiteration
Synthesizing and Patterning
Blurring the Boundary between Natural and Human-made Phenomena
Emergence and Complex Systems
The Essays
Part 1. Visual Metaphor, Conceptualization, and Modeling Ideas in Design and Science
Part 2. Biomimicry and Biodesign
Part 3. Makers and Users in Design and Science
Part 4. Data Manifestation in Design and Science
Conclusion
Notes
References
Part 1 Visual Metaphor, Conceptualization, and Modeling Ideas in Design and Science
1 Matters of Mathematics: Designerly Practices in Geometry K. LEE CHICHESTER
Artisanal Epistemology and the Rediscovery of Ancient Geometry
Tacit Knowledge in Craftsmanship and Science
The Modern Anschauungskrise and Computational Geometry
Notes
References
2 Agile Artifacts—Designing the Incomplete JAN ECKERT AND DANIEL ECKERT
Introduction
Products vs. Prototypes vs. Triggers
Handlungsspielraum—a Concept of incompleteness
Knockout Cell Lines—Perfectly Incomplete Artifacts
The Cell Design Process
Vectors—Creating Knockout Prototypes
Selecting Knockout Cells
Upscaling, Quality Control, and Distributing Knockout Cells
Mutation—A Core Element of Design
Agile Artifacts—An Ongoing Journey
Notes
References
3 Diagramming ArtScience: Designing at Knowledge Intersections CLARISSA AI LING LEE (WITH MATT CORNELL)
Introduction
Emergent Scientific Diagrams
Diagramming in the Performance of Knowledge Discoveries
Geometric Diagrams
Computational Imaging
Astronomy and Astrology
Diagramming Biology: Theory and Applications Across Knowledge Cultures
Design Fiction and Participatory Thought-experiment Exhibitions
Diagramming the Design Fiction of an ArtScience Experience
Physical Indeterminism in Subatomic Particles and the Double-slit Experiment
Exhibition 1
Exhibition 2: A Corollary of Exhibition 1
Exhibition 3: Tunneling Through the Brain
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Notes
References
4 Phenomenal Machines: An Interview with Nicole Koltick LESLIE ATZMON
Part 2 Biomimicry and Biodesign
5 Design Inspired by Nature: The Bat Brolly CLINT PENICK AND PRASAD BORADKAR
Introduction to Biomimicry Thinking
Scoping: Defining the Problem
Discovering: Identifying a Natural Model
Creating: Incorporating Lessons from the Natural Model
Evaluating: Comparing to Life’s Principles
Conclusion
References
6 PuriFungi, A Natural First Aid Kit for the Earth AUDREY SPEYER
Introduction
Transition Design—Living System Theory: Its Mission and the PuriFungi System
“Reverse” Design Research and General Presentation
The Fungi Kingdom in Nature
Fungal Anatomy and Physiology
Mushrooms, Primary Recyclers in the Unique Soil Matrix
Soil Pollution
Remediation Techniques
Mycoremediation
Designing the PuriFungi System
Enzymatic Digestion
Mycelium Trained Reactivity
PuriFungi Incubator Design Development
Mycoremediation Process with PuriFungi Systems
PuriFungi Project and Mushroom Species Database
Conclusion
Notes
References
7 Vital Matters: Growing Living Materials VICTORIA GEANEY
Introduction
My Collaborative Biodesign Work
The Aqualose Precursor Project
Lo Lamento
Early Ideation—The Scientists Enter the Early Stages of a Fashion Design Process
Focused Ideation Toward Key Concepts
Design Modeling and Visualization
Shared Prototyping, Shared Testing, and Shared Making—Merging Fashion and Science in Testing Fabrics for Bacterial Growth
Draping-on-the-stand and Garment Production—Divergence of Practices
Making Process
Draping
Live Model Fittings
Final Design
Collaborative Exhibition Installation—Re-convergence of Practices
Conclusion
References
8 Follow Your Nose MIRIAM SIMUN AND SHARON LIN
Smoke in the Air
Introduction
Clarity from a Nebula
The Science of Scent
Scent and Emotion
Trapped Yet Fleeting
GHOSTFOOD
The Farewell to All One Has Used, Broken, Lost . . .
Regenesis
Implications
References
Part 3 Makers and Users in Design and Science
9 URBN STEAMlab and Biophilic Environments: Science, Art, and Design DIANA NICHOLAS AND SHIVANTHI ANANDAN
Introduction: Environment of Collaboration
Design as Science: The Science of Design
Building Science and Systems Thinking
Scientific Thinking and Design Thinking
Biology by Design: Design Research and Biological Research
The USL Group
Science and Design Solving “Wicked” Problems
Shared Design “Lenses”: A Development Process for Biology and Design for Healthy Living
Shared Design Lenses for Designing the Hydroponic Plant Growth System
Design Lens 1: Transparency
Design Lens 2: Materia
Design Lens 3: Surface
Further Exploration: Healthy Habitat
Environmental Prototyping
New Developments in the Unit Design
Conclusion
Note
References
10 Designing a Scientific Instrument: Lessons from the Crookes Radiometer1 LINA HAKIM
Introduction
Evocative Object: What it is
Making Processes (Exploration and Invention): How it was Made
Contexts of Inquiry: Why it was Made
Interpretations: What it does
Conclusion
Notes
References
11 From the Laboratory to the Studio: Microorganisms in Art and Design CHRISTINE MARIZZI AND NURIT BAR-SHAI
Introduction: Art and Design Informed by Science
Alexander Fleming’s Lifesaving “Germ Art”
Hacker Community Science Practices: (The) Growth Medium is the Message
Composite Growth Medium
Living Art and Design
Amy Chase – Kitchen Culture
Kac’s Bacterial Paintings and Living Time
Edgar Lissel Growing Photographs Using Light Sensitive Bacteria
The Vanishing Painting of Marta de Menezes—Decomposing Color
Hacking Traditional Microbial Culture Approaches
Bar-Shai’s Modifications of Traditional Lab Practices to Alter Highly Motile Bacterial Behavior
Synthesizing Bacteria: Genetically Modified (GM) Colors
GFPixel Living Portrait
E. Chromi—The Colorful Palate of Biotechnology
Biotechnology: GM Color Manufacturing
Biotechnology in Public Domain
Full STEAM Ahead! Collaborations, Outreach, and Activism
The NYC Biome MAP—Urban Biome Drawn Through Art Science and Public Collaborations
Microbial Landscapes
[s]Teaming Up
Acknowledgments
Notes
References
12 Making Justice with Biodesign: A Pedagogical Approach DEEPA BUTOLIYA
Introduction
Design and Science
Speculative and Critical Biodesign and Design Fiction
About the Course
Course Description
What the Students Brought to the Class
What I Brought to the Class
The Process
Idea Generation and Making Games
Final Concepts
Project 1: Ecto
Project 2: Chitonet
Project 3: Lumiflage
Project 4: Gnosis
Conclusion
Notes
References
Part 4 Data Manifestation in Design and Science
13 Data Manifestation: Climate Change Data in the Home and on the Body KARIN VON OMPTEDA
Introduction
Climate Change and Data Manifestation
Global Warming in the Living Room
Climate Change on my T-shirt
T-shirts and Carbon Footprint
Discussion and Summary
Acknowledgments
Notes
References
14 Visual Thinking and the Art of Medical Diagnosis MICHAEL CHANDLER
Introduction
Medical Reasoning and Visual Thinking Strategies
The Bayesian Process, Thought Experiments, and Visual Thinking Strategies
Thought Experiments in Science and Medicine
Thought Experiments in the History of Medical Science
Medical Pedagogy, Visual Thinking, and Imagination
Conclusion
Notes
References
15 The Scientist’s Social Network: Reimagining Crystallographic Diagrams Ahead of the 1951 Festival Pattern Group Collaboration EMILY CANDELA
Visualizing the Invisible
The Crystal-gazers of Postwar Art and Design
Mark Hartland Thomas’s Crystalline Aesthetic
“Undisciplined” Dialogues
Notes
References
16 Cinematic Data Visualization CATHERINE GRIFFITHS
Introduction
Cinematic Data Visualization
Case Study 1: Alluvium, A Particle Simulation
Case Study 2: LA River Nutrient Visualization
Conclusion
Note
References
Index