Decline and Fall of the Roman City

Preface......Page 3
Contents......Page 5
List of maps and plans......Page 7
Abbreviations......Page 9
1. The late Late Roman city......Page 14
Inscriptions......Page 24
Legislation......Page 32
Papyri......Page 35
Coinage......Page 36
Part I. The end of classical urban politics......Page 39
1. Problems of interpretation......Page 41
2. Cities of the Greel East: Pattern I. Western and Central Anatolia......Page 42
3. The Greek East: Pattern II. Syria, Palestine and Arabia......Page 66
4. Greater prominence of villages and the ascetic movement......Page 75
5. The late Roman city in the West......Page 86
1. From government by curiales to government by notables in the East......Page 116
2. The establishment of government by notables......Page 122
3. What difference did the end of curial government make?......Page 133
4. Municipal government in the West......Page 136
1. A story of desecularization......Page 149
2. Bishops after the conversion of Constantine......Page 151
3. The position of bishops in ther East: fifth and sixth centuries......Page 157
4. The position of the bishops in the West: fifth and sixth centuries......Page 167
Appendix A......Page 179
Appendix B......Page 180
1. Introduction......Page 181
2. Civic finance in the Novels of Justinian......Page 182
3. Civic estates and other revenues......Page 187
4. Finance in practice: the evidence of Antaeopolis......Page 190
5. The expediture of imperial taxation......Page 191
6. The expediture of civic revenues of Antaeopolis: a problem......Page 192
7. Financial administration in the late antique city and the role of the 'houses'......Page 193
8. Duties of 'houses' for the empire in sixt-century Egypt......Page 199
9. 'Houses' in the internal administration of the city......Page 203
10. The problem of civic leadership......Page 210
11. Wider significance of Egyptian evidence......Page 213
1. The reorganization of the shows......Page 215
2. The factions and the making of the emperor......Page 223
3. The role of factions in civic politics......Page 225
4. The end of the games......Page 230
Part II. A society transformed......Page 233
1. Literary culture in the late antique cities of the East......Page 234
2. Mythology in occasional literature......Page 240
3. The late epic: the Dionysiaca of Nonnus......Page 242
4. The end of tradition......Page 250
2. Sources for disorders involving the factions......Page 260
3. The anatomy of the faction riot......Page 263
4. The temporal distribution of faction riots......Page 264
5. Violence in doctrinal conflicts......Page 268
6. Persecution of Pagans......Page 271
7. John of Niciu and the Aykelah 'revolt' in the reign of Maurice......Page 280
8. Risings in Syria and Palestine in the reign of Phocas (602-610)......Page 283
9. The rebellion against Phocas in Egypt (609-610)......Page 285
10. The growth of disorder......Page 287
1. Balcans and Greece......Page 295
2. Asia Minor......Page 302
3. Syria, Palestine and Arabia......Page 306
4. The Arab conquest and after......Page 314
1. Change in education......Page 329
2. Claudian, Macrobius, Martianus and Dracontius......Page 332
3. Italy, Gaul and Spain......Page 344
4. East and West compared......Page 351
1. Roman citizenship in the early empire......Page 353
2. The unimportance of Roman citizenship in the later empire......Page 357
3. Citizens and federates in the late empire......Page 362
4. Constructing and maintaining a sense of Gothic identity......Page 365
1. The late Roman cities as seen through archaeology......Page 380
2. Shrinking and destruction of cities......Page 386
3. The reduction in the numbers of rural sites in Italy and elsewhere......Page 390
4. The breakdown of the distribution of pottery in Italy......Page 395
5. Shrinking technology......Page 398
6. The credibility of field survey evidence......Page 399
7. Fall in population......Page 401
8. Possible explanations......Page 403
9. The effect on the people of Italy......Page 406
13. Summary and conclusions......Page 411
Bibliography......Page 428
Index......Page 474