Cultural Heritage―Possibilities for Land-Centered Societal Development

Preface
Contents
Contributors
1 The Need to Preserve Cultural Heritage
1.1 Introduction
1.1.1 Cultural Heritage as a Driving Force Behind the Development of Regions
1.2 Selected Cultural Heritage Preservation Initiatives
1.2.1 Central Europe Programme (2014–2020)
1.2.2 Citizens’ Catalogue of Historic Monuments
1.2.3 Eat Your Way Through Edinburgh
1.2.4 HeAT—Heritage and Threat (2015–2018)
1.2.5 Cultural Heritage and Diversity: STEPS Project
1.2.6 Jewish Cultural Heritage Project (2013–2017)
1.2.7 Cultural Routes
1.2.8 National Register of Historical Rural Landscapes
1.3 Summary
References
2 The Italian National Register of Historical Rural Landscapes
2.1 Introduction
2.2 The National Register
2.3 The Investigations
2.4 The Major Transformations of the Rural and Forest Landscapes of Italy from Its Unification to the Present Day
2.4.1 The Evolution of Agricultural Surfaces
2.4.2 The Evolution of Wooded Surfaces
2.5 The Analysis of the 123 Study Areas
2.6 The National Observatory and the Register of Historical Rural Landscapes
References
3 Cultural Heritage in the Region of Eastern Slovakia
3.1 Region of Eastern Slovakia
3.2 Slovak Wine Region Tokaj
3.2.1 Specific Crops (Grape Varieties) in the Tokaj Region
3.2.2 Specific Animals in the Region of Eastern Slovakia
3.3 Traditional Cuisine
3.3.1 Specific Recipes of Tokaj Wines
3.4 Specific Recipes of Meat Products
3.4.1 History of Traditional Meat Production
3.5 Conclusion
References
4 Agricultural and Food Heritage of the Moravian Region
4.1 Czech Republic—Basic Characteristics and Agriculture
4.2 Historical Changes in Animal Production and Animal Output
4.3 Specific Animals in the Region
4.3.1 Cattle
4.3.2 Sheep
4.3.3 Goat
4.4 Traditional Crops in the Moravia Region
4.5 Use of Ruminant Meat in Folk Cuisine of Moravia and Silesia
4.6 Conclusion
References
5 Wine Quality as a Part of Cultural Heritage Affected by Its Different Geographical Origins
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Material and Methods
5.2.1 Material
5.2.2 Methods
5.3 Results and Discussion
5.4 Conclusion
References
6 Food and Meals in Czech Lands from a Cultural-Historical Perspective
6.1 Introduction
6.2 The Development of Culinary Technology
6.2.1 The Range of Basic Foodstuffs
6.2.2 The Tastes and Aromas of Dishes Prepared in the Czech Lands
6.3 Summary
References
7 Regional Gastronomy and the Preservation of Culinary Heritage
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Famous Dishes of Polish and Regional Cuisine
7.3 The Heritage of Krakow’s Cuisine
7.4 The Traditional Products and Dishes of Małopolska
7.5 Krakow—European Capital of Gastronomic Culture 2019
7.6 Conclusion
References
8 Ruthenian Culinary Traditions of Lemkivshchyna
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Lemko History
8.3 The Origin of Lemko Culinary Traditions
8.4 Cereals and Cereals-Based Products
8.5 Potato Based Dishes
8.6 Cabbage
8.7 Fruits and Mushrooms
8.8 Supplemental Plant Food Sources
8.9 Animal Products
8.10 Conclusion
References
9 Genetic Uniqueness of Local Cattle Populations as Part of Homeland Heritage
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Pinzgau Cattle
9.3 Local Population of Pinzgau Cattle in Slovakia
9.4 Genetic Diversity of Local Populations
9.5 Effective Population Size and Inbreeding
9.6 Uniqueness of Slovak Pinzgau Cattle
9.6.1 Genomic Loss of Pinzgau Cattle Demonstrated by Inbreeding
9.7 Genomic Loss by Effective Population Size
9.8 Genetic Uniqueness of Local Populations
9.9 Conclusion
References
10 Objectification of Reliability of Selected Methods of Identification and Quantification of Meat and Its Substitutes
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Meat 5.0 LCD-Array Validation
10.2.1 Biological Material
10.2.2 Tested Mixtures
10.2.3 DNA Isolation
10.2.4 PCR Products Preparation
10.2.5 Cycler Settings
10.2.6 Agarose Gel Electrophoresis
10.2.7 LCD-Array Hybridization and Detection
10.2.8 Hybridization
10.2.9 Statistical analysis
10.3 Results
10.4 Validation of the innuDETECT Assay Kit
10.4.1 Biological Material
10.4.2 Tested Mixtures
10.4.3 DNA Isolation
10.4.4 RT-PCR
10.4.5 Statistical Analysis
10.4.6 Results
10.5 Conclusion
References
11 Traditional Cheeses from the Malopolska Region
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Cheeses Labeled with Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) Indication
11.2.1 Bryndza Podhalańska
11.2.2 Oscypek
11.2.3 Redykołka
11.3 Cheeses Registered in the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development’s List of Traditional Products
11.3.1 Cheeses Included in the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development’s List of Traditional Products
11.3.2 Other Cheeses from Malopolska
11.4 Conclusion
References
12 Traditional Unfermented and Fermented Liquid Milk Products from the Malopolska Region
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Milk of Polish Red Cow
12.3 Traditional Fermented Products of Cow’s Milk Obtained in Malopolska Region
12.4 Ewe’s Milk
12.5 Goat’s Milk
12.6 Żentyca—Non-fermented or Fermented Product Obtained from Ewe’s Milk
12.7 Conclusions
References
13 Farm Animals and Traditional Products of the Carpathian Mountains
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Carpathian Sheep
13.3 Carpathian Goat
13.4 Native Carpathian Cattle
13.5 Traditional Products Obtained From Milk and Meat of Native Animals’ Breeds
13.6 Conclusion
References
14 Traditional Crops Cultivated in Southern Małopolska
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Historical Background and Introduction to Agricultural Production of Malopolska
14.3 Potatoes
14.4 Rutabaga
14.5 Oats
14.6 Conclusion
References
15 Fruits of Traditional Varieties
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Trends in Apple Processing
15.3 Biologically Active Ingredients of Apples
15.4 Summary
References
16 Edible Mushrooms of the Polish Carpathians
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Chemical Composition of Edible Mushrooms
16.3 Mushrooms Species in Poland and Polish Carpathian Region and Their Processing
16.4 Summary
References
17 Usage of wild-Growing Plants as Foodstuff
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Bear Garlic (Allium ursinum L.)
17.3 White Goosefoot (Chenopodium album L.)
17.4 Food Use of White Goosefoot
17.5 Medicinal Use of White Goosefoot
17.6 Garden Orache (Atriplex hortensis L.)
17.7 Food Uses of Garden Orache
17.8 Medicinal Uses of Garden Orache
17.9 Conclusions
References
18 Landscape Ecological Structure in a Suburban Area: Case Study
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Method
18.3 Results
18.4 Conclusion and Recommendations
References
19 South African Agricultural Oenology, Viticulture, Land Ownership, and Sustainable Development
19.1 Contemporary Land Issues in South Africa
19.2 History of Land Alienation from Indigenous South Africans of the Western Cape
19.3 Segregationist and Apartheid Legislation
19.4 Farmer-Initiated Wine Projects After 1994
19.5 Strategies for Breaking into the South African Wine Industry
19.6 Some Especially Noteworthy Facts
19.7 Khoisan Land Alienation and the Establishment of White Commercial Agriculture
19.8 Wine Estates in the Post-Apartheid Period
19.9 Wine Estate Survey Results for Farmers and Farmworkers
19.10 Black Entrepreneurs: Backgrounds and Strategies to Acquire Wine Estates
19.11 Some Connections with Sustainable Development
19.12 Conclusion
References
20 Metamorphosis of the Polish Village as a Result of Semi-Urbanisation
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Study Area and Methods
20.3 Results
20.4 Analysis of Development Along State Road 44 by Villages
20.5 The Residential Building and Its Vicinity
20.6 Summary
20.7 Conclusions
References
21 Assessment of Land-Use and Land-Cover Changes in a Rural Cultural Landscape: A Case Study of a Polish Municipality
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Materials and Methods
21.2.1 Study Area
21.2.2 Data
21.2.3 Methods
21.3 Results and Discussion
21.3.1 Land-Use Changes from 2002 to 2018
21.3.2 Land-Cover Changes from 2000 to 2018
21.4 Conclusions
References
22 Land Use Change and Landscapes in Rural Areas in China in Forty Years of Reform and Opening Up
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Land Use Characteristics in China
22.3 Protection of Agricultural Land in China
22.4 Land Reclamation
22.5 Landscape Changes in the Context of Land Use
22.6 Conclusion
References
23 The Rural Area in Historical Cities
23.1 European Historical Cities and the Development of Cartography
23.2 Urban and Rural Components of the City and the Methods for Their Measuring
23.3 Territorial Settlement Pyramid and Its Application in the Determination of the Urban Development of the City
23.4 Conclusions
References
24 Sustainable Economic Development and Cultural Landscapes: Some US-Poland Comparisons and Connections, with Global Context
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Methods
24.3 Global Urbanization, Rural Cultural Landscapes, Two Małopolska Examples, and Two Oklahoma Examples
24.4 Renewable Energy Sources and Fossil Fuels
24.5 Renewables and Fossil Fuels in a Variety of Types of Social Systems
24.6 Sustainable Development as a Mediating Value Between Economic Development and Environmental Protection/Improvement
24.7 Renewables and Fossil Fuels Again
24.8 Institutional Mixtures, Governance Structures, Cultural Landscapes, and Energy Sources
24.9 Conclusions
References
Summary