CliffsQuickReview course guides cover the essentials of your toughest subjects. Get a firm grip on core concepts and key material, and test your newfound knowledge with review questions.
Whether you need a course supplement, help preparing for an exam, or a concise reference for the subject, CliffsQuickReview Criminal Justice can help. This guide covers the criminal justice system in the United States, with coverage on police powers, citizens' rights, and criminal law. In no time, you'll be tackling topics such as
- Rights consciousness and civil liberties
- Legal defenses and justifications for crimes
- Theories of punishment
- The causes and costs of police corruption
- Sentencing statutes and guidelines
CliffsQuickReview Criminal Justice acts as a supplement to your other learning materials. Use this reference in any way that fits your personal style for study and review — you decide what works best with your needs. You can flip through the book until you find what you're looking for — it's organized to gradually build on key concepts. You can also get a feel for the scope of the book by checking out the
- Contents pages that give you a chapter-by-chapter list of topics.
- Tabs at the top of each page that tell you what topic is being covered.
- Keyword in boldface type.
- Heading and subheading structure that breaks sections into clearly identifiable bites of information.
- ''Great Debates'' sections within each chapter.
With titles available for all the most popular high school and college courses, CliffsQuickReview guides are comprehensive resources that can help you get the best possible grades.
Author(s): Dennis Hoffman
Series: Cliffs Quick Review
Edition: Updated
Publisher: Cliffs Notes
Year: 2000
Language: English
Pages: 258
CLIFFSQUICKREVIEW Criminal Justice......Page 1
About the Author......Page 4
CONTENTS......Page 5
PREFACE......Page 21
The Structure of Criminal Justice......Page 23
The Process of Criminal Justice......Page 25
The Politics of Criminal Justice......Page 29
Great Debates in Criminal Justice: Should the Crime Control Model or the Due Process Model Prevail?......Page 32
Citizen Participation......Page 35
Rights Consciousness and Civil Liberties......Page 37
Racial Disparities in American Criminal Justice......Page 41
Great Debates in Criminal Justice: Is the Criminal Justice System Racist?......Page 43
Definitions of Crime......Page 47
Types of Crime......Page 49
Part I Offenses......Page 50
Drugs and Crime......Page 56
Guns and Crime......Page 58
Great Debates in Criminal Justice: Does Gun Control Reduce Crime?......Page 60
Sources of Criminal Law......Page 63
The Nature of Criminal Law......Page 65
Functions of Criminal Law......Page 66
Legal Elements of a Crime......Page 67
Legal Defenses and Justifications for Crimes......Page 68
The Limits of Criminal Law......Page 70
Great Debates in Criminal Justice: Should Drugs Be Legalized?......Page 72
Policing Colonial America......Page 75
Developing the New Police......Page 76
Progressive Police Reform......Page 79
Crime Control Decades (1919–1959)......Page 82
Policing the Social Crises of the 1960s......Page 84
Crime Control Revisited (1970s–1990s)......Page 86
Law Enforcement Goes High-Tech......Page 88
Great Debates in Criminal Justice: Should Police Take DNA Samples from All Arrestees?......Page 90
The Nature of Police Work......Page 93
Police Systems......Page 96
Police Organization......Page 99
Police Strategies......Page 100
Great Debates in Criminal Justice: Does Community Policing Prevent Crime?......Page 105
Criminal Procedure and the Constitution......Page 109
The Right to Privacy......Page 112
The Exclusionary Rule......Page 121
The Fifth Amendment’s Right Against Self-Incrimination......Page 122
Great Debates in Criminal Justice: Are Citizens’ Rights a Barrier to Justice?......Page 125
Police Perjury......Page 129
Police Brutality......Page 131
Deadly Force......Page 135
Police Corruption......Page 136
Employment Discrimination......Page 138
Great Debates in Criminal Justice: Should Affirmative Action Be Used to Eliminate Injustice?......Page 139
State Courts......Page 143
Federal Courts......Page 145
Administrative Problems: Heavy Caseloads and Delay......Page 147
Judges......Page 150
Great Debates in Criminal Justice: Should Judges Who Are “Soft on Crime” Be Removed from Office?......Page 156
CHAPTER 10 DEFENDANTS’ RIGHTS......Page 159
The Pretrial Process......Page 160
The Trial Process......Page 165
The Posttrial Process......Page 172
Great Debates in Criminal Justice: Should Plea Bargaining Be Abolished?......Page 175
CHAPTER 11 PROSECUTORS......Page 177
Types of Prosecutors......Page 178
Prosecutorial Discretion......Page 179
Important Relationships for Prosecutors......Page 181
Management Policies......Page 183
Prosecutorial Misconduct......Page 184
Great Debates in Criminal Justice: Is “Headhunting” an Effective Strategy for Fighting Organized Crime?......Page 187
CHAPTER 12 DEFENSE ATTORNEYS......Page 189
Lawyers in America’s Adversarial Justice System......Page 190
Types of Defense......Page 192
Defense Strategies......Page 195
Ineffective Assistance of Counsel......Page 196
Great Debates in Criminal Justice: Do Most Defense Attorneys Distort the Truth?......Page 198
Theories of Punishment......Page 201
Types of Sentences......Page 204
Sentencing Statutes and Guidelines......Page 208
Great Debates in Criminal Justice: Should the Death Penalty Be Abolished?......Page 213
Prisons......Page 217
Prisoners’ Rights......Page 223
Great Debates in Criminal Justice: Is Imprisoning More Criminals a Good Way to Prevent Crime?......Page 230
Juveniles’ Responsibilities and Rights......Page 233
A Separate System......Page 234
Minorities in Juvenile Justice......Page 242
Myths About Juvenile Justice......Page 245
Great Debates in Criminal Justice: Should the Juvenile Courts Be Abolished and Juvenile Offenders Be Tried as Adults?......Page 249
Notes......Page 253
