As more and more mental health professionals are becoming involved in the criminal justice system - as social service providers, victim advocates, court liaisons, expert witnesses, and clinical therapists - there has not been a commensurate improvement in the quality of text material to address this expanding and diverse field. Until now, students and practicing professionals have had to content themselves with either overly broad texts on criminology or trauma theory, or exceeding narrow tracts on one or another sub-area of victim services.
Counseling Crime Victims provides a unique approach to helping victims of crime. By distilling and combining the best insights and lessons from the fields of criminology, victimology, trauma psychology, law enforcement, and psychotherapy, this book presents an integrated model of intervention for students and working mental health professionals in the criminal justice system. The book blends solid empirical research scholarship with practical, hit-the-ground-running recommendations that mental health professionals can begin using immediately in their daily work with victims.
Counseling Crime Victims is a practical guide and reference book that working mental health clinicians will consult again and again in their daily practices. This book will also be of use to attorneys, judges, law enforcement officers, social service providers and others who work with crime victims in the criminal justice system. It can also serve as a college- and graduate-level text for courses in Psychology and Criminal Justice.
Key Features of this Book:
Author(s): Laurence Miller PhD
Edition: 1
Publisher: Springer Publishing Company
Year: 2008
Language: English
Commentary: 50345
Pages: 444
Contents......Page 8
Foreword......Page 22
Preface......Page 24
Acknowledgments......Page 28
Part I: Crime Victimization: Patterns, Reactions, and Clinical Syndromes......Page 30
CHAPTER 1 Crime and Crime Victims: The Clinical and Social Context......Page 32
Types of Criminal Violence and Crime Victim Trauma......Page 33
Risk Factors for Crime Victimization......Page 39
The Psychology of Crime Victimization......Page 40
Crime Victimization: The Therapeutic Mission......Page 41
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: The Syndrome......Page 42
Partial and Atypical PTSD Syndromes......Page 45
Child-Specific PTSD Symptoms......Page 47
PTSD in Elderly Patients......Page 48
Evolution of the Trauma Response......Page 50
Neuropsychology of PTSD......Page 52
Risk Factors for PTSD......Page 58
Protective Factors for PTSD......Page 60
Conclusions......Page 63
Anxiety Disorders......Page 64
Mood Disorders......Page 68
Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders......Page 71
Personality: Traits, Types, and Disorders......Page 73
Alcohol and Drug Intoxication......Page 82
Traumatic Brain Injury and the Postconcussion Syndrome......Page 84
Conclusions......Page 88
Somatoform Disorders......Page 90
Factitious Disorder......Page 98
Malingering......Page 99
Conclusions......Page 102
Part II: Foundations of Practical and Clinical Strategies for Crime Victims......Page 104
CHAPTER 5 On-Scene Crisis Intervention: Guidelines for Law Enforcement, Emergency Services, and Mental Health Responders......Page 106
Effects of Crime on Victims and Survivors......Page 107
What Crime Victims Say They Need From First Responders......Page 108
On-Scene Crisis Intervention......Page 110
Active Listening Skills......Page 115
Conclusions......Page 120
Educative and Supportive Measures......Page 122
Treating Posttraumatic Symptoms......Page 125
Modulating Arousal......Page 126
Multisensory Imagery......Page 129
Using Thought and Language......Page 132
Exposure Therapy and Desensitization......Page 143
Conclusions......Page 148
General Posttraumatic Therapy Guidelines......Page 150
Phases of Posttraumatic Psychotherapy......Page 151
The Therapeutic Relationship......Page 152
Therapeutic Strategies......Page 154
Therapeutic Techniques......Page 156
Specific Posttraumatic Issues in Crime Victim Psychotherapy......Page 164
Existential Issues and Therapeutic Closure......Page 167
Conclusions......Page 171
Effect of a Loved One’s Murder on Family Members......Page 172
Child-Specific Posttraumatic Symptoms and Reactions......Page 179
Intervention With Family Survivors of Homicide......Page 182
Death Notification and Body Identification......Page 183
Conclusions......Page 191
Family Therapy for Bereavement by Homicide: General Considerations......Page 192
Family Therapy for Bereavement by Homicide: Effective Strategies......Page 194
What Do Homicide Bereavement Counselors Find Effective?......Page 207
Posttraumatic Therapy of Homicidally Bereaved Inner-City Youth......Page 209
Self-Help, Support Groups, and Victim Advocacy......Page 210
Conclusions......Page 211
Part III: Special Victims: Applications of Crime Victim Counseling and Therapy to Populations at Risk......Page 212
Sexual Assault: A Special Kind of Trauma?......Page 214
Psychological Effects of Sexual Assault......Page 215
Psychological Treatment of Sexual Assault Victims......Page 216
Psychotherapeutic Strategies for Regaining Control......Page 219
Sexual Revictimization......Page 229
Marital Rape......Page 231
Conclusions......Page 235
CHAPTER 11 Domestic Violence......Page 236
Domestic Violence: Clinical and Demographic Features......Page 238
Factors Contributing to Domestic Violence......Page 240
Law Enforcement Response to Domestic Disturbances......Page 242
Psychotherapy and Counseling of Domestic Violence Victims......Page 250
Domestic Violence in Police Families......Page 252
Domestic Violence in the Workplace......Page 256
Conclusions......Page 261
CHAPTER 12 Workplace Violence......Page 262
Workplace Violence: Facts and Stats......Page 263
The Workplace Violence Cycle......Page 265
Workplace Violence Prevention......Page 266
Workplace Violence: Response to Emergencies......Page 267
Workplace Violence Recovery......Page 273
Workplace Violence: Psychological Effects......Page 276
Psychological Interventions for Workplace Violence......Page 280
Conclusions......Page 287
Peer Victimization: Terms and Definitions......Page 288
Types of School Bullying and Harassment......Page 289
Types of Bullies......Page 290
Types of Victims......Page 291
Types of Bystanders and Witnesses......Page 292
Bullying: Causes, Risk Factors, and Protective Factors......Page 293
School Programs for Management of Bullying: The P.A.S.S. Model......Page 294
Student Strategies for Handling School Bullying: The D.I.C.E. Model......Page 295
Handling a Bullying Encounter: What Kids Can Do......Page 296
Handling a Bullying Episode: What Adults Can Do......Page 298
Psychotherapy and Counseling With Victims of Bullying......Page 300
Demographics and Clinical Effects of School Violence......Page 303
School Violence Perpetrators......Page 304
Preventing School Violence......Page 305
Responding to School Violence......Page 306
Recovering From School Violence......Page 310
Psychological Interventions for School Violence Victims......Page 311
Conclusions......Page 313
The Nature and Purposes of Terrorism......Page 316
Psychological Reactions to Terrorist Attacks......Page 317
Psychological Interventions for Terrorist Crises......Page 325
Community and Societal Responses to Terroristic Trauma......Page 336
Conclusions......Page 338
Stresses and Challenges of Crime Victim Therapy......Page 340
Psychological Interventions With Counselors and Therapists......Page 346
Psychotherapy With Crime Victim Counselors and Trauma Therapists......Page 351
Psychotherapy With Traumatized Therapists......Page 353
Conclusions......Page 356
Crime Victim Stresses in the Criminal Justice System......Page 358
Crime Victim Participation in the Criminal Justice System: Potential Risks and Benefits......Page 362
Forensic Psychological Evaluation of Crime Victims......Page 364
Testifying in Court for Mental Health Clinicians......Page 369
Victim Support Services and the Criminal Justice System......Page 376
Civil Litigation for Crime Victims......Page 378
Conclusions......Page 384
Bibliography......Page 386
A......Page 430
C......Page 431
D......Page 434
F......Page 435
I......Page 436
M......Page 437
P......Page 438
S......Page 440
T......Page 442
W......Page 443
Z......Page 444
