Corrosion in reinforced concrete structures

Contributor contact details......Page 9
Preface......Page 11
1.2 Basics of corrosion of reinforcement in concrete......Page 15
1.3 Availability of oxygen......Page 21
1.4 Concrete as electrolyte......Page 23
1.5 Transport processes in concrete......Page 27
1.6 Corrosion induced by carbonation of concrete......Page 29
1.7 Chloride-induced corrosion......Page 38
1.8 Corrosion rate......Page 44
1.9 General aspects of corrosion prevention......Page 51
1.10 References......Page 56
2.1 Introduction......Page 60
2.2 Goals......Page 61
2.3 Types of monitoring techniques......Page 62
2.4 Sensors for concrete......Page 68
2.5 Continuous method/online monitoring......Page 69
2.6 Sources of further information and advice......Page 82
2.7 References......Page 83
3.1 Introduction......Page 85
3.2 Electrochemical principles of corrosion......Page 86
3.3 Methods for numerical modelling......Page 90
3.4 Applications of numerical models for the prediction of corrosion rates......Page 97
3.5 Recommendations for practical use of corrosion models......Page 101
3.6 References......Page 102
4.1 Introduction......Page 105
4.2 Carbonation resistance......Page 107
4.3 Resistance against chloride ingress......Page 111
4.4 Chloride concentration......Page 128
4.5 Critical chloride threshold......Page 132
4.6 Corrosion rate......Page 139
4.7 Recommendations for the use of concrete made of modified cements......Page 142
4.9 Sources of further information and advice......Page 143
4.10 References......Page 144
5.1 Stainless steel reinforcement......Page 149
5.2 Stainless steel connections......Page 166
5.4 References......Page 174
6.2 Principles and methods for protecting reinforcement against corrosion......Page 177
6.3 Substrate preparation......Page 185
6.4 General information on quality assurance and the use of materials......Page 188
6.5 Filling cracks and cavities in concrete......Page 189
6.6 Mortars and concretes......Page 192
6.7 Protective layers for concrete surfaces......Page 195
6.9 Further reading......Page 202
7.1 Introduction......Page 204
7.2 Inhibition of corrosion with chemical substances......Page 205
7.3 Application of corrosion inhibitors in concrete......Page 213
7.4 Practical experience of corrosion inhibition in concrete......Page 218
7.5 Summary......Page 225
7.7 References......Page 226
8.2 Types of electrochemical techniques available......Page 229
8.3 Common principles of the electrochemical techniques......Page 230
8.4 Common practical aspects......Page 232
8.5 Cathodic protection......Page 236
8.6 Electrochemical chloride removal......Page 241
8.7 Electrochemical realkalisation......Page 245
8.8 Advantages and limitations of electrochemical methods: prestressed structures......Page 249
8.10 Sources of further information and advice......Page 250
8.11 References......Page 251
Index......Page 257