Contemporary Political Ideologies Comparision A Comparative Analisis

Cover Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Contents
About the Author
Preface
1: Ideologies: What Are They and Why Study Them?
Ideology Defined
Political Philosophy, Political Theory, and Political Ideology
Social Movements And Ideologies
Ideology And Practice
Theories Of Ideology
The Marxist Approach
Ideology as Necessary Illusion
Ideology and Culture
The “End of Ideology” Debate
Ideology and Utopia
The Situation Today
Do I (You) Have An Ideology?
Postmodernism
Ideologies To Be Considered
Methods Of Analysis
Reasons for Comparing Ideologies
Questions
The Social System
A Note On Terrorism
Suggested Reading
2: Nationalism
Defining Nationalism
Nationalism: Ancient or Modern?
Nationalism: Ethnic and Civic
Countervailing Tendencies
Regionalism
Cosmopolitanism/Internationalism
Nationalism In The Third World
Stages of Development from Colony to Independence
Movements for National Liberation
New Nations
Current Trends
Postmodernism/Postcolonialism
Secession
Nationalist Confl icts
Nationalism in the United States
Indigenous Peoples
Failed States
Suggested Reading
3: Globalization: An Emerging Ideology?
What Is Globalization?
Empire and Empire
Immigrants And Refugees
Humanitarian Intervention
Universal Jurisdiction
Is Globalization A New Ideology?
Suggested Reading
4: The Principles of Democracy
Citizen Involvement
Elitism
Pluralism
Corporatism
Participatory Democracy
Representation
The Rule Of Law
The Electoral System
Equality
Political Equality
Equality before the Law
Equality of Opportunity
Economic Equality
Equality of Respect or Social Equality
Freedom, Liberty, And Rights
Natural Rights and Civil Rights
Types of Liberty
Education
Current Trends
Democratization
Civil Society
Group Rights
Deliberative Democracy
Education Today
The Revival of the Initiative, Recall, and Referendum
National Security and Civil Liberties
Democracy and Politics
Suggested Reading
5: Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy
Democratic Capitalism
The Principles of Democratic Capitalism
Capitalism and Democracy
Criticism of Democratic Capitalism
Democratic Socialism
The Principles of Democratic Socialism
Socialism and Democracy
Criticism of Democratic Socialism
Market Socialism
Developmental Socialism
The Third Way
Economic Democracy
Cooperation
Communal Living
Current Trends
Fordism and Post-Fordism
Microfinance
Should All Markets Be Free?
Suggested Reading
6: Conservatism, Liberalism, and Democracy
Conservatism
Liberalism
John Rawls
Communitarianism
The Extreme Right
Current Trends
Contemporary Conservatism In The United States
Traditional Conservatism
Neoconservatism
Contemporary Liberalism In The United States
Traditional Liberalism
Neoliberalism
Suggested Reading
7: Feminism
The Development Of Feminism
The Personal Is The Political
Sexism
Socialization
Language
Religion
The Feminist Responses
Reform or Liberal Feminism
Marxist Feminism
Socialist Feminism
Transformative Feminism
Separatist or Radical Feminism
Current Trends
Votes for Women
Feminism and Legal Theory
Multiculturalism
Reproductive Rights
Third Wave Feminism
The Sex Industry
Conclusion
Suggested Reading
8: Marxism
Karl Marx And Friedrich Engels
Alienation: The Young Marx
Marx’s Critique of Capitalism
Materialism
The Class Struggle
Revolution
Dictatorship of the Proletariat
Alternative Marxist Traditions
Eduard Bernstein
Rosa Luxemburg
Antonio Gramsci
György Lukács
Anton Pannekoek and Council Communism
The Frankfurt School
Ernst Bloch
Current Trends
The Relevance of Marxism Today
Marxism and Globalization
Movements away from Marxism
Suggested Reading
9: Anarchism and Libertarianism
Principles Of Anarchism
Collectivist Anarchism
Individualist Anarchism
Anarcho-Capitalism
Libertarianism
Anarchist Social Thought
Current Trends
Anarchism and Globalization
TAZ, or Temporary Autonomous Zones
LETS, or Local Exchange and Trading Systems
Suggested Reading
10: Fascism and National Socialism
The Theoretical Base
Irrationalism
Social Darwinism
Nationalism
Glorification of the State
The Leadership Principle
Racism
Anticommunism
The Economic System
Current Trends
Neofascism
Suggested Reading
11: Islamic Political Ideologies
Beliefs
History
Islam Today
Islamic Liberalism or Modernism
Islamism
Islam In The United States
Immigrant Islam
African-American Islam
Current Trends
Rereadings of the Qur’an
Current Issues
Suggested Reading
12: Liberation Theologies
The Marxist – Christian Dialogue
The Principles Of Latin American Liberation Theology
Base Communities
Protestant Liberation Theology
Black Liberation Theology in the United States
Womanist Theology
Asian Theologies of Liberation
Liberation Theology In Africa
Current Trends
The Catholic Worker Movement
Ecology and Globalization
Queer Theology
Conclusion
Suggested Reading
13: Environmentalism
Origins
Ecotopia
The Principles Of Environmentalism
Ecosocialism
André Gorz
Murray Bookchin
Ecofeminism
Deep Ecology
Neo-Luddites And The Unabomber
Monkeywrenching
Animal Rights
Current Trends
Environmentalism And Religion
Bioregionalism And Biodiversity
Genetically Modified Foods
Global Warming
Other Developments And Trends
Suggested Reading
14: Conclusion
Human Nature
Origins
Obligation
Law
Liberty
Equality
Community
Power
Justice
Structure
Religion
Social Stratification And Mobility
Socialization
The Economic System
The Political System
Glossary
Biographical Notes
Index