This volume examines the ongoing construction of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) doctrine, elaborating on areas of both consolidation and contestation.
The book focuses on how the R2P doctrine has been both consolidated and contested along three dimensions, regarding its meaning, status and application. The first focuses on how the R2P should be understood in a theoretical sense, exploring it through the lens of the International Relations constructivist approach and through different toolkits available to conventional and critical constructivists. The second focuses on how the R2P interacts with other normative frameworks, and how this interaction can lead to a range of effects from mutual reinforcement and co-evolution through to unanticipated feedback that can undermine consensus and flexibility. The third focuses on how key state actors – including the United States, China and Russia – understand, use and contest the R2P. Together, the book’s chapters demonstrate that broad aspects of the R2P are consolidated in the sense that they are accepted by states even while other, specific aspects, remain subject to contestation in practice and in policy.
This book will be of much interest to students of the R2P, human rights, peace studies and international relations.
Author(s): Charles T. Hunt, Phil Orchard
Series: Global Politics and the Responsibility to Protect
Publisher: Routledge
Year: 2019
Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
List of Illustrations
List of Contributors
Acknowledgments
Introduction: Consolidation and contestation of the Responsibility to Protect
Introduction
The Responsibility to Protect: realization or retreat?
The nature of the R2P
Norm emergence
R2P in conjunction with other norms, regimes and agendas
Structure of the book
Notes
References
Chapter 1: Contestation, norms and the Responsibility to Protect as a regime
Introduction
Regime theory, norms and resilience
The Responsibility to Protect as a regime
The four atrocity crimes
Contestations around the role of the UN Security Council
The Security Council and the response to chemical weapons use in Syria
Conclusion
Notes
References
Chapter 2: R2P and the benefits of norm ambiguity
Introduction
Theoretical framework: from norm life cycle to norm feedback loop
Rethinking the norm life cycle: the costs of clarity
Toward a norm feedback loop: ambiguity, consensus and flexible adjustment
The ambiguity of R2P: norm feedback over Rwanda, Iraq and Libya
The 1990s: from Rwanda to the ICISS
The 2000s: from Iraq to the World Summit
Into the 2010s: from Libya to PSD-10
Conclusion: theoretical, historical and policy implications
Notes
References
Chapter 3: Telling the story of R2P: The emplotment of R2P in the UN Security Council’s debates on Libya
Introduction
Narrating realities: story, plot and emplotment in context
Emplotting R2P: three public narratives on responsible action
ICISS and the story of three responsibilities
The 2005 World Summit and the story of two chapters
Ban Ki-moon and the story of the three pillars of R2P
Comparing the public narratives on R2P
Diplomatic storytelling as a situated practice: the consolidation and contestation of R2P inside the UNSC
Telling the story of R2P and Libya
States who draw on one public narrative: France, Lebanon, and the USA
States who combine creatively: Germany, Russia, Brazil and the UK
States who draw on a national narrative: India and China
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Notes
References
Chapter 4: The Responsibility to Protect and the Protection of Civilians in UN peace operations: Interaction, feedback and co-evolution
Introduction
The R2P, POC in armed conflict and POC in peace operations
Challenges, alteration, reinterpretations and feedback effects
The early years – 1999–2009
The institutionalizing years – 2009–2011
The blow-back years – 2012–2015
The reflective/resurgent years – 2015 →
Discussion: feedback effects and implications
Operationalization
Consent
State-centrism
Accountability
Summary
Conclusion
Acknowledgment
Notes
References
Chapter 5: R2P and WPS: Operationalizing prevention from alignment
Introduction
Two normative agendas with one prevention agenda: R2P and WPS
R2P and WPS prevention intersections
R2P
WPS
Human rights alignment
Prevention of human rights violations as an R2P-WPS prevention measure: the Nepal case
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 6: Strange bedfellows: Terrorism/counter-terrorism and the Responsibility to Protect
Introduction
Norm regimes
Normative congruencies between counter-terrorism and R2P
The sovereign state as first responder
International obligations
Case studies
Counter-terrorism as an atrocity crime – the state response of Sri Lanka
Terrorism as an atrocity crime by non-state armed groups – the case of the Islamic State
Normative alignment
Conclusion
Notes
References
Chapter 7: Resistance and accommodation in China’s approach toward R2P
Introduction
China’s R2P ‘minimalism’
China’s R2P contestation
China’s proactive response to atrocity situations
Conclusion: China and the future of R2P
Notes
References
Chapter 8: Russia and the R2P: Norm entrepreneur, anti-preneur, or violator?
Introduction1
Theoretical contentions of the R2P doctrine
Russian identity and international order
Russia as a great power
Sovereignty and sovereign equality
Russia’s privileged interests and the issue of intervention
Conclusion
Notes
References
Index
