This is a book about the ever more complex legal networks of transnational economic governance structures and their legitimacy problems. The book takes up the challenge of the editors' earlier pioneering works which have called for more cross-sectoral and interdisciplinary analysis by scholars of international law, European and international economic law, private international law, international relations theory, and social philosophy to examine the interdependence of multilevel governance in transnational economic, social, environmental, and legal relations. Two complementary strands of theorizing are expounded. One argues that globalization and the universal recognition of human rights are transforming the intergovernmental 'society of states' into a cosmopolitan community of citizens which requires more effective constitutional safeguards for protecting human rights and consumer welfare in the national and international governance and legal regulation of international trade. The second emphasizes the dependence of the functioning of international markets and liberal trade on governance arrangements which respond credibly to safety and environmental concerns of consumers, traders, politicians, and non-governmental actors. Inquiries into the generation of international standards and empirical analysis of legalization practices form part of this agenda. The perspectives and conclusions of the more than 20 contributors from Europe and North America cannot be uniform. But they converge in their search for a constitutional architecture which limits, empowers, and legitimizes multilevel trade governance, as well as in their common premise that respect for human rights, private and democratic self-government, and social justice require more transparent, participatory, and deliberative forms of transnational 'cosmopolitan democracy'.
Author(s): Christian Joerges, Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann
Year: 2006
Language: English
Pages: 554
Half Title Page......Page 1
Half Title verso......Page 2
Title Page......Page 3
Title verso......Page 4
Preface and Acknowledgements......Page 5
Table of Contents......Page 7
List of Contributors......Page 11
Abbreviations......Page 17
Introduction and Overview......Page 21
Section I: International Trade Law: Constitutionalisation and Judicialisation in the WTO and Beyond......Page 39
Section I.1: Constitutionalisation and the WTO: Two Competing Visions from Two Different Disciplines......Page 41
INTRODUCTION......Page 43
II. MULTILEVEL GOVERNANCE AND MULTILEVEL CONSTITUTIONALISM: INTRODUCTION AND CONCEPTUAL CLARIFICATIONS......Page 44
III. DEMOCRATIC CONSTITUTIONALISM AND HUMAN RIGHTS AS CONSTITUTIONAL RESTRAINTS ON MULTILEVEL TRADE GOVERNANCE......Page 56
IV. CONSTITUTIONALISING THE WTO? PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS......Page 66
IV. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 93
2. Democratic Legitimacy and Constitutionalisation of Transnational Trade Governance: A View from Political Theory......Page 97
I. THE LEGITIMACY OF TRANSNATIONAL GOVERNANCE: WHAT ARE THE QUESTIONS?......Page 99
II. PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONAL CONSTITUTIONALISM......Page 106
III. ELEMENTS OF A DELIBERATIVE DEMOCRATIC CONSTITUTIONALISM......Page 112
IV. CONCLUSION......Page 119
Section I.2: Judicialisation: Empirical Inquiries and Constitutional Concerns......Page 121
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 123
II. JUDICIALISATION OF GATT/WTO DISPUTE SETTLEMENT PROCEDURES......Page 126
III. GATT/WTO DISPUTE SETTLEMENT IN PRACTICE—CONCEPTUAL REMARKS......Page 130
IV. GATT/WTO DISPUTE SETTLEMENT IN PRACTICE: PRELIMINARY EVIDENCE......Page 136
V. CONCLUSION......Page 144
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 149
II. BALANCING AND THE INDETERMINACY OF (WTO) LAW......Page 151
III. BALANCING IN THE DISPUTE SETTLEMENT REPORTS OF THE WTO......Page 158
IV. SOME TENTATIVE COMMENTS ON THE APPELLATE BODY’S JUDICIAL STYLE......Page 162
V. CONCLUSION: SOME IMPLICATIONS......Page 167
Section I.3: Participatory Governance: Emerging Patterns and their Juridification......Page 171
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 173
II. INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND NON-STATE ACTORS: EXPLAINING PATTERNS OF CO-OPERATION......Page 174
III. MAPPING INCENTIVES FOR CO-OPERATION: A NEW FRAMEWORK FOR ANALYSIS......Page 176
IV. PARTICIPATION OF NON-STATE ACTORS IN THE WTO......Page 185
V. CONCLUSION......Page 192
6. Participatory Transnational Governance......Page 195
I. DEMOCRACY AND TRANSNATIONAL REGULATION......Page 196
II. JUSTIFYING GLOBAL ‘LAW’ WITHOUT CONSTITUENCIES......Page 200
III. THE EU AS A POSITIVE MODEL FOR GLOBAL LAW PRODUCTION?......Page 217
IV. A LOOK FORWARD: CONSTITUTING PARTICIPATORYTRANSNATIONAL GOVERNANCE......Page 227
Section I.4 Legalisation Patterns outside the WTO......Page 235
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 237
II. NEW SOURCES AND PLAYERS IN GLOBAL REGULATION......Page 239
III. NON-TRADITIONAL PATTERNS OF GLOBAL REGULATION AND THE WTO......Page 243
IV. CONCLUSION......Page 264
8. Conflicts and Comity in Transnational Governance: Private International Law as Mechanism and Metaphor for Transnational Social Regulation Throught Plural Legal Regimes......Page 267
I. PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW AS A MECHANISM OF TRANSNATIONAL SOCIAL REGULATION......Page 269
II. PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW ANALOGIES: CONFLICTS AND COMITY......Page 284
Section II: Transnational Governance Arrangements for Product Safety......Page 301
Section II.1: Food Safety Regulation: the SPS Agreement and the Codex Alimentarius......Page 303
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 305
II. PARTICIPATION: GOVERNMENTAL AND NON-GOVERNMENTAL ACTORS......Page 309
III. JUSTIFICATION: SCIENCE AND POLITICS......Page 319
IV. DECISION: RULES FOR RECONCILING AUTONOMY AND EFFICIENCY?......Page 330
V. CONCLUSIONS......Page 334
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 339
II. THE JUSTIFICATION FOR PRECAUTION......Page 342
III. PRECAUTION UNDER THE SPS AGREEMENT......Page 348
IV. CONCLUSION......Page 362
11. Beyond the Science/Democracy Dichotomy: The World Trade Organisation Sanitary and Phytosanitary Agreement and Administrative Constitutionalism......Page 365
I. THE SPS AGREEMENT AND THE SCIENCE/DEMOCRACY DICHOTOMY......Page 366
II. RISK REGULATION AND ADMINISTRATIVE CONSTITUTIONALISM......Page 370
III. THE SPS AGREEMENT, ADMINISTRATIVE CONSTITUTIONALISM AND DISPUTE SETTLEMENT......Page 376
IV. IMPLICATIONS OF ADMINISTRATIVE CONSTITUTIONALISM......Page 383
V. CONCLUSION......Page 387
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 389
II. GLOBALISATION AND THE NATION STATE......Page 391
III. THE FORMS, FUNCTIONS AND FRAMES OF THE NEW GLOBAL ADMINISTRATION......Page 398
IV. JUSTIFYING GLOBAL GOVERNMENT......Page 406
V. CONCLUSION......Page 418
Section II.2: The TBT Agreement and International Standardisation......Page 419
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 421
II. TBT AND INTERNATIONAL REGULATORY COMPETITION......Page 430
III. CONCLUSION......Page 432
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 435
II. A SLOW MOTION COUP D’ETAT?......Page 436
III. PUBLIC AND PRIVATE INTERGOVERNMENTALISM......Page 439
IV. THE MANY FACES OF ‘CONSENSUS’......Page 443
V. CONCLUSION......Page 446
Section III: The WTO and Transnational Environmental Governance......Page 449
I. GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE AND THE WTO......Page 451
II. WTO ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY......Page 453
III. INTERNATIONAL GOVERNANCE OF THE TRANSFER OF GENETIC RESOURCES......Page 458
IV. PATTERNS OF ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE......Page 464
V. CONCLUSION FOR THE OVERALL DEBATE ON CONSTITUTIONALISM......Page 469
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 475
II. INSTITUTIONAL ACCOMPLISHMENTS: THE CTE, ITS PREDECESSORS AND THE SECRETARIAT’S ENVIRONMENT DIVISION......Page 477
III. THE WORK OF THE CTE: ASSIGNMENT, PARTICIPANTS AND ACCOMPLISHMENT......Page 483
IV. THE CTE’S PROBLEM-SOLVING INCAPACITY......Page 490
V. CONCLUSION: A RECORD OF FAILURE OR AN ACT OF SYMBOLIC POLITICS?......Page 493
17. Facing the Global Hydra: Ecological Transformation at the Global Financial Frontier: The Ambitious Case of the Global Reporting Initiative......Page 497
I. ECOLOGICAL RESPONSIVENESS WITHIN THE REALM OF TRADITIONAL ACCOUNTING......Page 502
II. ALTERNATIVE LTERNATIVE REPORTING SCHEMES AND THE GRI GEVOLUTION: FROM ECONOIMC ORIENTED TO COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL REPORTING......Page 510
III. THE GRI GUIDELINES AS A TRIGGER FOR CORPORATE TRANSFORMATION: SOME PRELIMINARY THOUGHTS......Page 516
ANNEX A: GRI ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE INDICATORS (GRI GUIDELINES 2002: 49–51)......Page 520
Section IV: Epilogue......Page 527
I. INTRODUCTION: THE CONSTITUTIONALISATION OF GOVERNANCE AND THE SOCIAL EMBEDDEDNESS OF MARKETS......Page 529
II. THE EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE: FREE INTRA-COMMUNITY TRADE AS INSTIGATOR OF REGULATORY INNOVATION......Page 539
III. NON-TARIFF BARRIERS AND THE WORLD TRADE ORGANISATION: A SURVEY OF CONFLICT-RESOLVING AND POLICY-INTEGRATING MECHANISMS......Page 548
IV. THE TURN TO GOVERNANCE AND ITS LEGITIMACY PROBLE´MATIQUE AT NATIONAL, EUROPEAN AND INTERNATIONAL LEVEL......Page 555
Index......Page 567
