The second volume of this authoritative work traces the material outlined in the first, but in far greater detail and with a much higher degree of sophistication. The authors begin with the theory of the electromagnetic interaction, and then consider hadronic structure, exploring the accuracy of the quark model by examining the excited states of baryons and mesons. They introduce the color variable as a prelude to the development of quantum chromodynamics, the theory of the strong interaction, and go on to discuss the electroweak interaction--the broken symmetry of which they explain by the Higgs mechanism--and conclude with a consideration of grand unification theories.
Author(s): Kurt Gottfried, Victor F. Weisskopf
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Year: 1986
Language: English
Pages: 437
Contents......Page 14
II. QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS......Page 20
1. Field operators......Page 24
2. Photons......Page 25
3. Fermions......Page 27
4. Destruction and creation of particles......Page 33
5. Positrons......Page 37
1. The interactions between field and source......Page 41
2. The scattering amplitude......Page 48
3. Compton scattering......Page 50
4. Feynman diagrams......Page 57
5. The dimensionality of the coupling constant and the high-energy behavior of amplitudes......Page 59
1. Scattering of two different fermions......Page 61
2. Colliding beam processes: e[sup(+)]e[sup(-)] → µ[sup(+)]µ[sup(-)] and e[sup(+)]e[sup(-)] → e[sup(+)]e[sup(-)]......Page 64
3. Data on e[sup(+)]e[sup(-)] collisions; tests of quantum electrodynamics......Page 67
4. Bound states......Page 72
5. Hydrogen, µ-mesic atoms, and muonium......Page 73
6. Positronium......Page 76
7. The decay of positronium: Charge conjugation......Page 77
D. THE SELF-ENERGY OF THE ELECTRON, VACUUM POLARIZATION, AND PRECISION TESTS OF QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS......Page 81
1. Radiative corrections......Page 82
2. The electron self-energy and mass renormalization......Page 84
3. Vacuum polarization......Page 87
4. The Lamb shift......Page 95
5. The anomalous magnetic moment of the electron and muon......Page 99
6. Other spectroscopic tests of quantum electrodynamics......Page 101
7. Summary......Page 102
III. HADRONIC SPECTROSCOPY......Page 104
A. HADRONIC DIMENSIONS AND SPECTRA......Page 107
1. The electromagnetic size of hadrons......Page 108
2. Hadronic diffraction scattering and the size of hadrons......Page 110
3. Excited states of hadrons......Page 112
4. Photoproduction......Page 117
5. Pion-nucleon scattering......Page 120
6. Consequences of the isospin assignments......Page 124
8. Hadron excitations observed by decay......Page 126
9. G-parity......Page 132
B. MESONS COMPOSED OF HEAVY QUARK-ANTIQUARK PAIRS......Page 141
1. ee → µµ revisited......Page 142
2. Narrow hadron resonances in ee-hadron production......Page 146
3. The QQ spectrum......Page 152
4. Hadronic decays of QQ states......Page 162
IV. QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS......Page 168
1. The color variable......Page 171
2. The group SU(3)......Page 176
1. Global vs. local symmetries......Page 193
2. The gauge field......Page 195
3. Quanta of the gauge field and coupling to quarks......Page 200
1. Color analogues of the electromagnetic field strengths......Page 203
3. The Yang-Mills field equations......Page 206
4. Asymptotic freedom......Page 209
5. Confinement......Page 226
1. The primitive bag model......Page 233
2. The improved bag model......Page 238
3. Quantitative test of the model......Page 243
4. The long-range potential and the Regge slope......Page 246
V. DEEP INELASTIC LEPTON-HADRON SCATTERING......Page 250
1. Introduction......Page 252
2. Kinematic variables......Page 254
3. Deep inelastic electron and muon scattering cross sections......Page 256
4. Deep inelastic electron and muon scattering according to the quark model......Page 257
5. The quark momentum distributions in the nucleon......Page 261
(a) Cross sections for inelastic neutrino scattering......Page 268
(b) Neutrino-quark cross sections......Page 269
(c) Neutrino-nucleon scattering......Page 271
(d) Structure functions......Page 273
(a) The quark momentum distribution in the nucleon......Page 278
(b) The gluon field in the nucleon......Page 281
(c) The sea quarks......Page 286
(d) The structure functions......Page 288
8. Scaling violations......Page 289
VI. THE ELECTROWEAK INTERACTION......Page 294
1. The charge-changing weak current......Page 298
2. The Hamiltonian for charge-changing weak interactions......Page 303
3. Defects of the W[sup(±)] model of weak interactions......Page 307
1. Conservation of the weak current: The neutral current......Page 312
2. The electroweak connection......Page 320
3. Neutral current phenomena and the determination of the coupling constants......Page 325
1. Hidden symmetry in ferromagnetism and superconductivity......Page 338
2. The generation of mass in the electroweak theory......Page 345
D. GRAND UNIFICATION......Page 358
1. Basic assumptions and immediate consequences......Page 359
2. Evaluation of the electroweak angle at low energies......Page 364
3. Other aspects of the Grand Unified Theory......Page 369
(a) The classical oscillator......Page 374
(b) Quantized oscillator......Page 375
2. The scalar field......Page 377
(a) Real fields......Page 378
(b) Complex fields......Page 382
3. The electromagnetic field......Page 385
(a) Three-vectors as 2 × 2 matrices......Page 388
(b) Four-vectors as 2 × 2 matrices......Page 389
(c) Spinors......Page 391
(d) The Dirac equation......Page 392
(e) Four-currents......Page 395
(a) The field operator: Anticommutation rules......Page 396
(b) Energy, momentum, and charge......Page 397
(c) The relative parity of particle and antiparticle......Page 399
3. Amplitudes for weak and electromagnetic scattering......Page 400
4. Spin and statistics......Page 402
1. The basic axiom of quantum field theory......Page 406
2. The connection between spin and statistics......Page 408
3. The need for antiparticles; Crossing symmetry......Page 412
Appendix V. Vacuum polarization......Page 416
Appendix VI. The magnetic susceptibility of a massless vector field......Page 422
Appendix VII. Solutions of Dirac's equation in a spherical enclosure......Page 426
Bibliography......Page 429
C......Page 432
F......Page 433
I......Page 434
Q......Page 435
V......Page 436
Z......Page 437
