Computational Concepts in Simulation of Welding Processes

Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 The Importance of Simulating Welding Processes
1.2 Heat and Temperature Associated to Welding
1.2.1 Experimental Methods to Measure Temperature
1.2.2 Analytical Methods
1.2.3 Numerical Methods
1.3 Residual Stresses and Distortion in Welding
References
2 Heat Sources and Thermal Analysis
2.1 Analytical Models
2.2 Heat Source Model for Numerical Simulation
2.2.1 Arc Welding Processes
2.2.2 Laser Welding
2.2.3 Friction Stir Welding
2.2.4 Resistance Spot Welding
2.2.5 Hybrid Welding Technologies
2.3 Phase Transformation and Material Properties
2.4 Validation of Thermal Analysis
2.5 Finite Difference Approach for Solving the Thermal Analysis
References
3 Thermo-Metallurgical Modelling
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Phase Transformations in Steel
3.3 Effect of Phase Transformation on Residual Stress
3.4 Calculation of Phase Percentage
3.5 Temper and Creep
References
4 Thermomechanical Analysis in Welding
4.1 Residual Stress and Distortion
4.2 Numerical Simulation for Mechanical Analysis
4.2.1 Implicit Approach
4.2.2 Explicit Approach
4.3 Thermal Elastic–Plastic FEM for Small Scale Structures
4.4 Inherent Strain Method
4.5 Equivalent Thermal Strain Method
4.6 Phase Transformation and Materials Properties Effects
4.7 Weld Sequence
4.8 Technical Aspects of Residual Stress Simulation
References
5 Data Based Simulation
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Optimization of Simulation Parameters
5.3 Simulation Supported Process Optimization
References