Cognitive networks can dynamically adapt their operational parameters in response to user needs or changing environmental conditions. They can learn from these adaptations and exploit knowledge to make future decisions.Cognitive networks are the future, and they are needed simply because they enable users to focus on things other than configuring and managing networks. Without cognitive networks, the pervasive computing vision calls for every consumer to be a network technician. The applications of cognitive networks enable the vision of pervasive computing, seamless mobility, ad-hoc networks, and dynamic spectrum allocation, among others.In detail, the authors describe the main features of cognitive networks clearly indicating that cognitive network design can be applied to any type of network, being fixed or wireless. They explain why cognitive networks promise better protection against security attacks and network intruders and how such networks will benefit the service operator as well as the consumer.Cognitive NetworksExplores the state-of-the-art in cognitive networks, compiling a roadmap to future research. Covers the topic of cognitive radio including semantic aspects.Presents hot topics such as biologically-inspired networking, autonomic networking, and adaptive networking.Introduces the applications of machine learning and distributed reasoning to cognitive networks. Addresses cross-layer design and optimization.Discusses security and intrusion detection in cognitive networks.Cognitive Networks is essential reading for advanced students, researchers, as well as practitioners interested in cognitive & wireless networks, pervasive computing, distributed learning, seamless mobility, and self-governed networks.With forewords by Joseph Mitola III as well as Sudhir Dixit.
Author(s): Qusay Mahmoud
Edition: 1
Year: 2007
Language: English
Pages: 368
COGNITIVE NETWORKS......Page 4
Contents......Page 10
Contributors......Page 14
Foreword 1......Page 18
Foreword 2......Page 22
Preface......Page 24
Acknowledgements......Page 26
Introduction......Page 28
1.1 Introduction......Page 36
1.2 Principles of Biologically Inspired Networking......Page 37
1.3 Swarm Intelligence......Page 44
1.4 Evolutionary and Adaptive Systems......Page 49
References......Page 54
2.1 Introduction and Background......Page 58
2.2 Foundations of Autonomic Computing......Page 59
2.3 Advances in Autonomic Computing – Autonomic Networking......Page 61
2.4 The FOCALE Architecture......Page 69
2.5 Application to Wired and Wireless Cognitive Networks......Page 79
2.6 Challenges and Future Developments......Page 83
Glossary......Page 85
References......Page 86
3.1 Introduction......Page 88
3.2 Dynamic Factors......Page 89
3.3 Network Functions......Page 90
3.4 Representative Adaptation Techniques......Page 94
3.5 Discussion......Page 108
References......Page 109
4.1 Introduction: Concepts and Challenges......Page 112
4.2 The Vision and Challenges of Self-Management......Page 113
4.3 Theories for Designing Self-Managing Networks......Page 116
4.4 Self-Management Intelligence: To Know and to Act......Page 118
4.5 Self-Management Advances in Specific Problem Domains......Page 121
4.6 Benchmarking and Validation......Page 125
4.7 Self-Stabilization......Page 126
4.8 Conclusion......Page 127
References......Page 128
5.1 Introduction......Page 132
5.2 Problem Formulations in Machine Learning......Page 134
5.3 Tasks in Cognitive Networking......Page 140
5.4 Open Issues and Research Challenges......Page 148
5.5 Challenges in Methodology and Evaluation......Page 151
5.6 Summary......Page 152
References......Page 153
6.1 Introduction......Page 156
6.2 Understanding Cross-Layer Design......Page 158
6.3 General Motivations for Cross-Layer Design......Page 159
6.4 A Taxonomy of Cross-Layer Design Proposals......Page 164
6.5 Proposals for Implementing Cross-Layer Interactions......Page 169
6.6 Cross-Layer Design Activity in the Industry and Standards......Page 171
6.7 The Open Challenges......Page 173
6.8 Discussion......Page 176
References......Page 178
7.1 Introduction......Page 182
7.2 CRA I: Functions, Components and Design Rules......Page 193
7.3 CRA II: The Cognition Cycle......Page 209
7.4 CRA III: The Inference Hierarchy......Page 214
7.5 CRA V: Building the CRA on SDR Architectures......Page 222
7.6 Summary and Future Directions......Page 234
References......Page 236
8.1 Introduction......Page 238
8.2 Towards Ad Hoc Networks......Page 239
8.3 A Cognitive Ad Hoc Network......Page 241
8.4 The Wisdom of Crowds......Page 246
8.5 Dynamic Spectrum: Scenarios for Cognitive Ad Hoc Networks......Page 249
8.6 Summary and Conclusions......Page 254
References......Page 255
9.1 Introduction......Page 258
9.2 Frameworks for Learning and Reasoning......Page 259
9.3 Distributed Learning and Reasoning within an MAS Framework......Page 262
9.4 Sensory and Actuator Functions......Page 271
9.5 Design Decisions Impacting Learning and Reasoning......Page 272
9.6 Conclusion......Page 278
References......Page 279
10.1 Introduction......Page 282
10.2 Semantics, Formal Semantics and Semantic Web Technologies......Page 283
10.3 Community Architecture for Cognitive Radio......Page 286
10.4 Device Architecture for Cognitive Radio and Imperative Semantics......Page 296
10.5 An Architecture for Cognitive Radio Applications......Page 300
References......Page 303
11.1 Introduction......Page 306
11.2 Cognitive Radio Networks......Page 307
11.3 Building Blocks of Communication Security......Page 310
11.4 Inherent Reliability Issues......Page 313
11.5 Attacks on Cognitive Networks......Page 314
11.6 Cognitive Network Architectures......Page 320
11.7 Future Directions......Page 321
References......Page 324
12.2 Intrusion Detection......Page 328
12.3 Threat Model......Page 336
12.4 Integrated Dynamic Security Approach......Page 340
12.5 Discussion......Page 345
12.6 Conclusion......Page 346
References......Page 347
13.1 Introduction......Page 350
13.2 Spectrum Pooling Concept......Page 353
13.3 Overview of Erasure Channels......Page 354
13.4 Traditional Erasure Codes......Page 356
13.5 Digital Fountain Codes......Page 357
13.6 Multiple Description Codes......Page 363
13.7 Applications......Page 364
References......Page 365
Index......Page 368
