This text is a fully integrated summary of all aspects of clinical neurophysiology. It is written by nationally recognized experts who work together at Mayo Clinic. All the authors are heavily involved in the teaching of clinical neurophysiology to residents in neurology, neurosurgery and physical medicine, and to poet-residency fellows in EEG, EMG, autonomic disorder, sleep disorders, peripheral nerve diseases, and muscle diseases. The first section is a review of the basics of clinical neurophysiology. The second considers the assessment of disease by anatomical system. The third explains how clinical neurophysiologic techniques are used in the clinical assessment of diseases of the nervous system. This thoroughly revised Second Edition includes new approaches and a new chapter on the clinical neurophysiology of pain. The clinical problems in which each of the clinical neurophysiologic approaches can add to the diagnosis and management of neurologic disease are detailed, especially the assessment of clinical symptom complexes with electroencephalography (EEG). The discussions of pediatric EEG disorders, ambulatory EEG, new equipment and digital analyses, magneto-EEG, electromyographic (EMG) techniques, motor unit number estimates, myoclonus on surface EMG, segmental sympathetic reflex, and postural normotension have been expanded. Chapters on EMG quantified and single fiber EMG have been reorganized, and major revisions have been made in the discussion of sensory potentials, somatosensory evoked potentials, acoustic reflex testing, cardiovagal function, physiologic testing of sleep, and assessment of sleep disorders. New approaches are discussed in each of the four chapters on monitoring neural function during surgery, particularly with motor evoked potentials.
Author(s): Jasper R. Daube
Series: Contemporary Neurology Series, 66
Edition: 2
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Year: 2002
Language: English
Pages: 676
CONTENTS......Page 12
CONTRIBUTORS......Page 24
SECTION 1. ANALYSIS OF ELECTROPHYSIOLOGIC WAVEFORMS......Page 28
BASIC PRINCIPLES AND DEFINITIONS IN ELECTRICITY......Page 30
CIRCUIT ANALYSIS......Page 32
RESISTIVE-CAPACITIVE AND RESISTIVE-INDUCTIVE CIRCUITS......Page 34
CIRCUITS CONTAINING INDUCTORS AND CAPACITORS......Page 35
FILTER CIRCUITS......Page 39
TRANSISTORS AND AMPLIFIERS......Page 40
ELECTRIC SHOCK......Page 44
LEAKAGE CURRENT......Page 47
ELECTRIC SAFETY PRINCIPLES AND IMPLEMENTATION......Page 51
PRINCIPLES......Page 55
CALCULATING POTENTIALS IN INFINITE HOMOGENEOUS MEDIA......Page 57
POTENTIALS IN NONHOMOGENEOUS MEDIA......Page 61
APPLICATIONS OF VOLUME CONDUCTION PRINCIPLES......Page 63
DIGITAL COMPUTERS IN CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY......Page 68
DIGITIZATION......Page 71
COMMON USES OF DIGITAL PROCESSING......Page 74
AVERAGING......Page 75
DIGITAL FILTERING......Page 76
TIME AND FREQUENCY DOMAIN ANALYSIS......Page 77
PHYSIOLOGIC GENERATORS......Page 80
STRUCTURAL GENERATORS......Page 85
CONTINUOUS WAVEFORMS......Page 90
EVENT RECORDING......Page 93
PHYSIOLOGIC ALTERATION OF WAVEFORMS......Page 96
ARTIFACTUAL WAVEFORMS......Page 99
Part A. Cortical Function......Page 102
8. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY: GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND ADULT ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAMS......Page 104
9. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY: ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAMS OF NEONATES, INFANTS, AND CHILDREN......Page 135
10. AMBULATORY ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY......Page 151
11. PROLONGED VIDEO ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY......Page 156
12. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC SPECIAL STUDIES......Page 164
13. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC RECORDINGS FOR EPILEPSY SURGERY......Page 173
14. MOVEMENT-RELATED POTENTIALS AND EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS......Page 188
Part B. Sensory Pathways......Page 194
15. NERVE ACTION POTENTIALS......Page 196
16. SOMATOSENSORY EVOKED POTENTIALS......Page 208
17. BRAIN STEM AUDITORY EVOKED POTENTIALS IN CENTRAL DISORDERS......Page 231
18. AUDIOGRAM, ACOUSTIC REFLEXES, AND EVOKED OTOACOUSTIC EMISSIONS......Page 241
19. BRAIN STEM AUDITORY EVOKED POTENTIALS IN PERIPHERAL ACOUSTIC DISORDERS......Page 249
20. VISUAL EVOKED POTENTIALS......Page 254
Part C. Motor Pathways......Page 262
21. COMPOUND MUSCLE ACTION POTENTIALS......Page 264
22. ASSESSING THE NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION WITH REPETITIVE STIMULATION STUDIES......Page 295
23. MOTOR EVOKED POTENTIALS......Page 309
Part D. Assessing the Motor Unit......Page 318
24. ASSESSING THE MOTOR UNIT WITH NEEDLE ELECTROMYOGRAPHY......Page 320
25. QUANTITATIVE ELECTROMYOGRAPHY......Page 351
26. SINGLE FIBER ELECTROMYOGRAPHY......Page 370
27. ESTIMATING THE NUMBER OF MOTOR UNITS IN A MUSCLE......Page 385
Part E. Reflexes and Central Motor Control......Page 400
28. H REFLEXES......Page 402
29. CRANIAL REFLEXES......Page 409
30. LONG LATENCY REFLEXES AND THE SILENT PERIOD......Page 421
31. SURFACE ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC STUDIES OF MOVEMENT DISORDERS......Page 426
32. VERTIGO AND BALANCE......Page 440
Part F. Autonomic Function......Page 462
33. CLINICAL PHYSIOLOGY OF THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM......Page 464
34. QUANTITATIVE SUDOMOTOR AXON REFLEX TEST AND RELATED TESTS......Page 472
35. ADRENERGIC FUNCTION......Page 478
36. THERMOREGULATORY SWEAT TEST......Page 485
37. CARDIOVAGAL AND OTHER REFLEXES......Page 494
38. ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY OF PAIN......Page 504
Part G. Sleep and Consciousness......Page 518
39. PHYSIOLOGIC ASSESSMENT OF SLEEP......Page 520
40. ASSESSING SLEEP DISORDERS......Page 540
Part H. Intraoperative Monitoring......Page 548
41. CEREBRAL FUNCTION MONITORING......Page 550
42. BRAIN STEM AND CRANIAL NERVE MONITORING......Page 559
43. SPINAL CORD MONITORING......Page 566
44. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM MONITORING......Page 582
SECTION 3. APPLICATIONS OF CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY: ASSESSING SYMPTOM COMPLEXES AND DISEASE ENTITIES......Page 590
45. APPLICATION OF CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY: ASSESSING SYMPTOM COMPLEXES......Page 592
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY IN THE ASSESSMENT OF DISEASE......Page 593
WHEN CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY CAN HELP......Page 594
SYMPTOM COMPLEXES AND NEURAL SYSTEMS......Page 595
LOCALIZATION OF DISEASE......Page 597
IDENTIFYING DISEASE TYPES......Page 598
PROGNOSIS......Page 599
ASSESSING CLINICAL DISORDERS: ASSESSMENT WITH ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY......Page 602
ASSESSING CLINICAL DISORDERS: ASSESSMENT WITH ELECTROMYOGRAPHY AND NERVE CONDUCTION STUDIES......Page 610
A......Page 626
B......Page 628
C......Page 629
D......Page 631
E......Page 633
F......Page 635
G......Page 636
I......Page 637
L......Page 639
M......Page 640
N......Page 643
P......Page 645
R......Page 647
S......Page 649
T......Page 652
V......Page 654
W......Page 655
A......Page 656
B......Page 657
C......Page 658
D......Page 660
E......Page 661
H......Page 663
I......Page 664
M......Page 665
N......Page 667
O......Page 668
P......Page 669
Q......Page 670
S......Page 671
T......Page 674
W......Page 675
X......Page 676
