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Clinical Neuroanatomy, 26th Edition

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Learn the essential aspects of neuroanatomy and its clinical relevance with the field's most concise, trusted, and effective text

"...an excellent update of the neuroanatomy text that has become a standard since its first publication in 1938....The strengths of the book include the hundreds of easy to understand color line illustrations, the clear and concise language of the text and the many tables of summarized information....It could be highly recommended to and would be enjoyed by medical students and trainees in internal medicine, neurology, and neurosurgery, and also as a reference for clinicians in these fields, particularly those teaching students and trainees."-- World Neurosurgery

For more than seventy years, Clinical Neuroanatomy has delivered a streamlined, comprehensive, and easy-to-remember synopsis of neuroanatomy and its functional and clinical applications. Emphasizing the most important concepts, facts, and structures, this well-illustrated and enjoyable-to-read text reflects the state-of-the-art in pathophysiology and the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders.

Features that make Clinical Neuroanatomy perfect for board review or as a clinical refresher:

  • Discussion of the latest advances in molecular and cellular biology in the context of neuroanatomy
  • Clinical correlations to help you interpret and remember essential neuroanatomic concepts in terms of function and clinical application
  • Numerous computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of the normal brain and spinal cord; functional magnetic resonance images that provide a noninvasive window on brain function; and neuroimaging studies that illustrate common pathological entities that affect the nervous system
  • An Introduction to Clinical Thinking section that puts neuroanatomy in a unique clinical perspective
  • Numerous tables that make the information clear and easy to remember
  • A complete practice exam to test your knowledge
  • Coverage of the basic structure and function of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves as well as clinical presentations of disease processes involving specific structures
  • NEW full-color illustrations

Author(s): Stephen Waxman
Edition: 26
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Medical
Year: 2009

Language: English
Pages: 381

Cover Page......Page 1
Title Page......Page 2
ISBN 0071603999......Page 3
Key Features of this Edition!......Page 5
Contents (with page links)......Page 7
Preface......Page 10
GENERAL PLAN OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM......Page 11
PLANES AND TERMS......Page 15
REFERENCES......Page 16
NEURONS......Page 17
Macroglia......Page 22
DEGENERATION AND REGENERATION......Page 25
REFERENCES......Page 27
3 Signaling in the Nervous System......Page 29
ACTION POTENTIALS......Page 30
THE NERVE CELL MEMBRANE CONTAINS ION CHANNELS......Page 31
THE EFFECTS OF MYELINATION......Page 32
CONDUCTION OF ACTION POTENTIALS Types of Fibers......Page 33
SYNAPSES......Page 34
SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION......Page 35
EXCITATORY AND INHIBITORY SYNAPTIC ACTIONS......Page 36
PRESYNAPTIC INHIBITION......Page 37
THE NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION AND THE END-PLATE POTENTIAL......Page 38
Glutamate......Page 39
REFERENCES......Page 41
SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS OF NEUROLOGIC DISEASES......Page 43
WHERE IS THE LESION? Processes Causing Neurologic Disease......Page 46
WHAT IS THE LESION?......Page 48
THE ROLE OF NEUROIMAGING AND LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS......Page 49
THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH NEUROLOGIC DISEASE......Page 50
REFERENCES......Page 51
EXTERNAL ANATOMY OF THE SPINAL CORD......Page 53
Ventral Roots......Page 56
INTERNAL DIVISIONS OF THE SPINAL CORD Gray Matter......Page 58
PATHWAYS IN WHITE MATTER Descending Fiber Systems......Page 60
CLINICAL ILLUSTRATION 5-1......Page 65
REFLEXES......Page 66
LESIONS IN THE MOTOR PATHWAYS......Page 70
EXAMPLES OF SPECIFIC SPINAL CORD DISORDERS......Page 73
REFERENCES......Page 75
Dentate Ligament......Page 77
SPINAL CORD CIRCULATION Arteries......Page 78
LUMBAR PUNCTURE Location......Page 81
Technique......Page 82
Roentgenography......Page 83
REFERENCES......Page 87
ORGANIZATION OF THE BRAIN STEM......Page 89
MEDULLA......Page 92
Tegmentum......Page 98
VASCULARIZATION......Page 99
CLINICAL ILLUSTRATION 7-1......Page 100
Divisions......Page 101
Afferents to the Cerebellum......Page 103
CLINICAL CORRELATIONS......Page 106
REFERENCES......Page 108
FUNCTIONAL COMPONENTS OF THE CRANIAL NERVES......Page 109
REFERENCES......Page 128
Thalamic Nuclei......Page 129
HYPOTHALAMUS Landmarks......Page 130
CLINICAL CORRELATIONS......Page 131
CLINICAL CORRELATIONS......Page 136
EPITHALAMUS......Page 137
CIRCUMVENTRICULAR ORGANS......Page 138
REFERENCES......Page 139
ANATOMY OF THE CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES......Page 141
MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF THE CORTEX......Page 146
Primary Motor Cortex......Page 151
Lenticular Nucleus......Page 154
INTERNALCAPSULE......Page 155
REFERENCES......Page 157
VENTRICULAR SYSTEM......Page 159
Dura......Page 160
CLINICAL CORRELATIONS......Page 162
CLINICAL CORRELATIONS......Page 164
Basal View of the Skull......Page 166
REFERENCES......Page 172
ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF THE BRAIN......Page 173
Internal Drainage......Page 175
CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS......Page 179
CLINICAL ILLUSTRATION 12-1......Page 185
REFERENCES......Page 191
13 Control of Movement......Page 193
MOTOR DISTURBANCES......Page 199
REFERENCES......Page 204
SENSORY PATHWAYS......Page 205
PAIN......Page 206
THE EYE......Page 211
VISUAL PATHWAYS Anatomy......Page 215
CLINICAL CORRELATIONS......Page 216
CLINICAL CORRELATIONS......Page 219
Physiology......Page 220
REFERENCES......Page 224
ANATOMY AND FUNCTION AUDITORY PATHWAYS......Page 225
CLINICAL CORRELATIONS......Page 227
REFERENCES......Page 229
FUNCTIONS......Page 231
CLINICAL CORRELATIONS......Page 233
REFERENCES......Page 234
Consciousness......Page 235
REFERENCES......Page 238
OLFACTORY SYSTEM......Page 239
CLINICAL CORRELATIONS......Page 241
CLINICAL ILLUSTRATION 19-1......Page 242
SEPTAL AREA......Page 246
REFERENCES......Page 249
Sympathetic Division......Page 251
CLINICAL CORRELATIONS......Page 257
Pathways to the Brain Stem......Page 258
Spinal Cord......Page 259
TRANSMITTER SUBSTANCES......Page 261
REFERENCES......Page 265
Aphasia......Page 267
EPILEPSY......Page 272
CLINICAL CORRELATIONS......Page 273
CLINICAL ILLUSTRATION 21-1......Page 274
REFERENCES......Page 276
ANGIOGRAPHY......Page 277
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY......Page 278
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING......Page 280
DIFFUSION-WEIGHTED IMAGING......Page 283
FUNCTIONAL MRI......Page 284
POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY......Page 285
REFERENCES......Page 286
Types of Waveforms......Page 287
EVOKED POTENTIALS......Page 288
ELECTROMYOGRAPHY......Page 290
NERVE CONDUCTION STUDIES......Page 293
REFERENCES......Page 294
ANALYSIS OF THE CSF......Page 295
REFERENCE......Page 296
THE LOCATION OF LESIONS......Page 297
THE NATURE OF LESIONS......Page 298
CASES......Page 299
REFERENCES......Page 313
THE PHYSICAL EXAMINATION......Page 315
THE NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATION Level of Consciousness and Alertness......Page 316
GENERAL STATUS......Page 320
THE NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATION......Page 321
APPENDIX B Testing Muscle Function......Page 323
APPENDIX C Spinal Nerves and Plexuses......Page 339
APPENDIX D Questions and Answers......Page 357
A......Page 365
B......Page 366
C......Page 367
D......Page 369
F......Page 370
I......Page 371
L......Page 372
M......Page 373
N......Page 374
P......Page 375
R......Page 376
S......Page 377
T......Page 379
V......Page 380
Z......Page 381