Climate Change, Natural Resources and Sustainable Environmental Management

Contents
Climate Change Impact on Water Structures
1 Introduction
2 Climate and Human Activities
3 Climate Change
4 Climate Impact and Structures
5 Recommendations
6 Conclusion
References
“Darwinism” and the Future of a Globalized World
1 Introduction
2 Epistemological Incompatibility
3 The Compatibility with the Classic Evolutionary Process Based on Genes and Biological Reproduction
4 Speculations for the Future: From Darwin’s Sympathy to Responsibility Reproduction
References
Water Related Sectors and Risks in Adaptation to Climate Change
1 Introduction
2 Water Resources of Turkey Under the Impact of Climate Change
3 Climate Change Effects on Sakarya Province
4 Adaptation to Climate Change
4.1 Climate Change Adaptation Activities for the Agricultural Sector
4.2 Climate Change Adaptation Activities for Drinking and Using Water Resources
4.3 Climate Change Adaptation Activities for the Industrial Sector
5 Conclusion and Suggestions
References
Project Transferring Water from Turkey to Cyprus Island
1 Introduction
2 Climate and Water Resources in Cyprus Island
2.1 Climate in Cyprus Island
2.2 Water Resources in Cyprus Island
3 Water Development Works in Southern Cyprus
3.1 General Remarks
3.2 Effects of Climate Change on Water Resources in Cyprus
4 Transferring Water from Turkey to Cyprus Island
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Climate Condition and Natural Resources in Northern Cyprus
4.3 Preliminary Investigations for Project
4.4 Northern Cyprus Water Supply Project
5 Water Resources Potential in Norhern Cyprus
6 Conclusions and Recommendations
6.1 Conclusions
6.2 Recommendations
References
Opportunities and Challenges Facing the Future Development of International Environmental Law
1 Introduction
2 Emergence of International Environmental Law
3 Sources of International Environmental Law
4 Fundamental Principles of International Environmental Law
5 Challenges Facing the Future Development of International Environmental Law
6 Conclusion
References
Effects of Undervaluation of Ecosystem Services: Highlighting Cost of Water
1 Introduction
2 Importance of Water Costs in Watersheds and Total Economic Value
3 Forest-Watershed Linkages
4 Considering Water as a “Free Good”
5 Sustainable Forests Management for Water and PES Approach
6 Conclusions
References
Hydropower Outlook of Turkey in 2021
1 Introduction
2 The Sources of Energy in Turkey
3 Hydropower Terminology
4 Energy Demand
4.1 Load Prediction
5 Energy Outlook of Turkey In 2021
6 Conclusions
References
Economic Feasibility of Large-Scale Renewable Energy Projects in Mountain Location, Northern Cyprus
1 Introduction
2 Material and Methods
2.1 Study Area
2.2 Estimation of the Wind Turbine Output
2.3 Design a Solar Plant
2.4 RETScreen Software
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Wind Farm
3.2 Solar Plant
4 Conclusions
References
A Climate Action with Developing Five Minutes Walking Inside and Near Public Centers Software
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Materials and Method
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Map of 5 min’ Walk
4.2 The Horizon Ahead
5 Conclusion
Appendix
References
Non-stationary Temperature Duration Frequency Curves for the North-West Homogeneous Region of India
1 Introduction
2 Study Area and Data
3 Methodology
3.1 Significance of Trend
3.2 Stationary and Non-stationary Temperature Models
3.3 Quantification of Temperature Intensities for Various Return Periods
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
A Comprehensive Strategy Against COVID-19 and Further Pandemics
1 The Actual Situation
2 Analysis
2.1 The Challenge: Insufficient Knowledge
2.2 Non-specific Defense and/or Specific Defense
2.3 Infectivity and Susceptibility
2.4 Is There a Viral Dark Net in COVID-19?
2.5 The Mystery of the Temporary Disappearance of Endemic Occurrences of COVID 19
2.6 Prognosis of the Course of an Epidemic
3 Approach to a Comprehensive Strategy Against the Era of Pandemics
4 Summary
References
A Sample Study for Determining Energy Consumption Values in Public Buildings: Central Anatolia Region
1 Introduction
1.1 Energy Consumption in Public Buildings
1.2 Energy Consumption in Public Buildings in Turkey
2 Data Collection and Analysis
3 Materials and Methods
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Adjustment of the Evaporation Pan Coefficient: Case Study of Konya Closed Basin
1 Introduction
2 Material and Method
2.1 Penman Method
2.2 Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm (ABCA)
3 Application Area
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Missing Data Completion
4.2 Homogeneity Tests
4.3 Comparison of Pan Evaporation Measurements with Estimated Evaporation Data
4.4 Adjustment of the Pan Coefficient with the Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) Algorithm
4.5 Evaluation of the Adjustment Pan Coefficient
5 Conclusion
References
AI-Based (ANN) Model for Predicting Electrical Conductivity Using Lysimeter Experiments
1 Introduction
2 Material and Methods
2.1 Study Area
2.2 Proposed Methodology
2.3 Artificial Neural Network (ANN)
2.4 Evaluation Criteria
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Results of Data Assessment
3.2 Results of EC Prediction
4 Conclusions
References
AI-Based Statistical Downscaling of Precipitation and Temperature via Convolutional Neural Network Using Nonlinear Predictor Screening Approach
1 Introduction
2 Study Area and Data
3 Proposed Methodology
3.1 The First Step (Input Screening)
3.2 Second Step (Downscaling)
4 Materials
4.1 Random Forest (RF)
4.2 Mutual Information
4.3 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
4.4 Evaluation Criteria
5 Results and Discussion
5.1 Results of the First Step (Input Screening)
5.2 Results of the Second Step (Downscaling)
6 Conclusions
References
A Comparative Study of a Small-Scale Solar PV Power Plant in Nahr al-Bared, Lebanon
1 Introduction
2 Material and Methods
2.1 PV System Description
2.2 Empirical Models
3 Results and Discussions
3.1 ANN Models
3.2 MLR Model
3.3 Performance Evaluation of Empirical Models for Testing Data
4 Conclusions
References
Application of WASP8 Deterministic Water Quality Model to Acısu Creek in Antalya, Turkey
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Study Area
2.2 Monitoring Studies and Data Collection
2.3 Water Quality Analyses and Simulation Program, WASP
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
Blue Growth, a Key for Sustainable Development of Islands; the Potentials of Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
1 Introduction
2 Blue Economy and Blue Growth
3 Blue Growth and Blue Economy Capacity of TRNC
4 Conclusions
References
Challenges in Managing Water Crisis and Regulatory Instruments: A Case Study of South Asian and Middle Eastern Countries
1 Introduction
2 Water Policy in India
2.1 An Overview of National Water Policy 2012
2.2 Assessment of Different Provisions of National Water Policy 2012
3 Water Policy in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
3.1 National Water Strategy of Saudi Arabia
3.2 Evaluation of National Water Strategy
4 Water Policy in Yemen
4.1 National Water Sector Strategy and Investment Program
4.2 Evaluation of NWSSIP and Humanitarian Assistance in Yemen
5 Conclusion
References
Cyprus Beaches in the Context of Parabolic Bay Shaped Beach Model
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Kanlidere (Pedieos) Stream’s Delta
3.2 Bafra Beach
3.3 Golden Beach
4 Conclusions
References
Enhanced Saturated Seepage Analysis Using Fractal Hydraulic Conductivity (Case Study: Gale Chay Dam)
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Fractal Permeability Model of the Porous Media
2.2 Governing Equation and FEM
2.3 Case Study
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Estimating the Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity
3.2 Saturated Seepage Analysis
4 Conclusion
References
Environmental Issues and Sustainable Development in North Cyprus
1 Introduction
2 Domestic Wastewater Management
3 Municipal Solid Waste Management
4 Air Pollution Control
5 Conclusions
References
Evaluation of Alternative Source of Rare Earth Elements Current Situation (Technological and Economic Aspects)
1 Introduction
1.1 Use of REEs
2 Recycling REEs
2.1 Recycling Process
3 Coal Combustion Product
4 Conclusions and Suggestions
References
Evaluation of Streamflow Drought Index in Aegean Region, Turkey
1 Introduction
2 Study Area
3 Quality of the Data
4 Streamflow Drought Index (SDI)
5 Result and Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Integration of Electrocoagulation, Electro-Fenton Processes for Treatment of High Concentration Dye Solutions
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Chemicals
2.2 Electrocoagulation (EC) and Electro-fenton (EF) Process
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
Investigation of Meteorological Drought Characteristics of the Great Man-Made River Region (Libya)
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Material and Method
3.1 Drought Indices Overview
4 Research Findings and Discussion
4.1 Zuara Station (62007) Reconnaissance Drought Analysis
4.2 Tripoli Airport Station (62010) Reconnaissance Drought Analysis
4.3 Nalut Station (62002) Reconnaissance Drought Analysis
4.4 Misurata Station (62016) Reconnaissance Drought Analysis
4.5 Sirt Station (62019) Reconnaissance Drought Analysis
5 Conclusion
References
Investigations of Greenery Façade Approaches for the Energy Performance Improvement of Buildings and Sustainable Cities
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
3 Discussion
4 Conclusion and Recommendations
References
Monthly Rainfall Variability and Vulnerability of Rainfed Cereal Crops in the Tellian Highlands of Algeria
1 Introduction
2 Material and Methods
2.1 Structuring Your Paper
2.2 Cereal Data
2.3 Rainfall Data
2.4 Temporal Analysis of Monthly Rainfall
2.5 Spatial Analysis of Rainfall
2.6 Drought Analysis
3 Results and Interpretations
3.1 Trends in Area Sown and Cereal Yields
3.2 Temporal Trend of Monthly Rainfall
3.3 Temporal Trend of Monthly Rainfall
3.4 Spatial Trend of Monthly Rainfall
3.5 Drought Trends
3.6 Rainfall and Number of Rainy Days
4 Conclusions
References
Power System Reliability Assessment Considering Impacts of Climate Change
1 Introduction
2 Power System Reliability Adequacy Assessment Methods
3 Algorithm Approach
3.1 Reliability Definitions
3.2 Reliability Indices Calculation Using PSO
4 Case Study and Results
5 Conclusion and Suggested Work
References
Representation of Rainfall in Regions with a Low Distribution of Rain Gauging Stations
1 Introduction
2 Material and Methods
2.1 Study Area
2.2 Data Analysis and Approach Methodology
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Interpretation of the Results of the Multiple Linear Regression Application
4 Conclusion
References
Salihli Granitoid, Menderes Massif, Western Anatolia: A Sustainable Clean Energy Source for Mitigating CO2 Emissions
1 Introduction
2 Geological and Tectonic Assessment of Salihli Granitoid
3 Stress Regime Over the Region
4 Radiogenic Characteristics and EGS Potential of the Salihli Granitoid
5 CO2Mitigation Using the EGS Source
6 Discussion
7 Conclusion
References
Sorting Greenhouse Gases Based on Human and Environmental Impacts Using (MCDA)
1 Introduction
2 Main Greenhouse Gases
3 Materials and Methods
3.1 Fuzzy PROMETHEE
4 Criteria of Evaluation
5 Results and Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Sustainable Development for a Secure Future: An Overview of Challenges and Key Solutions
1 Introduction
2 «Hunger-Free World»: Problem Statement
3 Ecotechnologies for Eco-agriculture and Eco-enterprises for Sustainable Food Security
4 Conclusion
References
Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management with Zero Waste Approach
1 Introduction
2 Municipal Solid Waste Management in Sustainable World
3 Circular Economy
3.1 Contribution to Environment and Economy through the Circular Economy
4 Zero Waste Approach
5 Conclusion and Recommendations
References
The Inventory of Flood Disasters in Turkey
1 Introduction
2 Factors Affecting Flooding
3 Floods Inventory in Turkey
4 Case Studies
4.1 Case 1. Flood Disaster of 2021 at Kastamonu, Bozkurt
4.2 Case 2. Flood Disaster of 2006 at Southeastern Anatolia
5 Structural and Non-structural Flood Protection Measures in Turkey
6 Conclusion
References
The Sensitivity Analysis and Performance of SWAT+ in Simulation of Stream Flow in a Mountainous Catchment
1 Introduction
2 Method and Materials
2.1 Study Area
2.2 Data Collection
2.3 Creating Thiessien Polygon
2.4 SWAT+Setup
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
The Use of Modified Drastic Method (DRASTIC-LU) for Assessment of Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution at the Palas Basin/Turkey
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Study Area
2.2 DRASTIC Method
2.3 Modified DRASTIC Method (DRASTIC-LU)
2.4 Nitrate Data Comparison
3 Results
4 Conclusion
References
Thornthwaite’s Method for the Computation of the Water Balance
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Computation of Monthly Runoff with Thornthwaite Method
3.1 Stages of the Method
4 Results and Discussion
References
Urban Heat Island Effects of Pavements
1 Introduction
2 Simulation and Results
3 Discussion
References
Impact of Sucralose on Environmental Bacteria: Mechanistic Insights from Molecular Modeling
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Selection and Preparation of Ligands
2.2 Selection and Preparation of Target
2.3 Homology Modeling
2.4 Docking Studies
2.5 Protein-Ligand Interaction Profiling
3 Results
4 Discussion
References
Author Index