Chlorophylls are the most obvious natural pigments on Earth where they can be observed even from satellites in outer space: they also sustain life on Earth through their involvement in photosynthesis. With 37 authoritative chapters, this book reviews recent progress and current status of studies on the chemistry, metabolism and spectroscopy of chlorophylls, bacteriochlorophylls and their protein complexes. Also discussed is progress on the applications of the chlorophylls as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy of cancerous tumours, and as molecular probes in biochemistry, medicine, plant physiology, ecology and geochemistry.
This book summarizes the chemical, physical, biological and medical aspects of chlorophyll (and bacteriochlorophyll) research and development, with a focus on the tremendous progress achieved over the past 15 years. Each section has an up-to-date introductory overview which is followed by a series of concise well-focused and fully-referenced chapters written by experts in (bio)chemistry, (bio)physics, photobiology and photomedicine.
Author(s): Hugo Scheer (auth.), Bernhard Grimm, Robert J. Porra, Wolfhart Rüdiger, Hugo Scheer (eds.)
Series: Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration 25
Edition: 1
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Year: 2006
Language: English
Pages: 603
Tags: Plant Sciences;Plant Biochemistry;Biophysics/Biomedical Physics;Plant Physiology;Marine Ecology;Cancer Research
An Overview of Chlorophylls and Bacteriochlorophylls: Biochemistry, Biophysics, Functions and Applications....Pages 1-26
Synthesis, Reactivity and Structure of Chlorophylls....Pages 27-37
Chlorophyll c Pigments: Current Status....Pages 39-53
Unusual Tetrapyrrole Pigments of Photosynthetic Antennae and Reaction Centers: Specially-tailored Chlorophylls....Pages 55-66
[Heavy metal]-Chlorophylls Formed in Vivo During Heavy Metal Stress and Degradation Products Formed During Digestion, Extraction and Storage of Plant Material....Pages 67-77
Spectroscopy and Structure Determination....Pages 79-94
Spectrometric Assays for Plant, Algal and Bacterial Chlorophylls....Pages 95-107
Chlorophyll Analysis by New High Performance Liquid Chromatography Methods....Pages 109-121
Large Scale Chlorophyll Preparations Using Simple Open-Column Chromatographic Methods....Pages 123-131
Chlorophyll Metabolism, an Overview....Pages 133-146
Biosynthesis of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid....Pages 147-158
Transfer RNA-Dependent Aminolevulinic Acid Formation: Structure and Function Of Glutamyl-tRNA Synthetase, Reductase and Glutamate-1-Semialdehyde-2,1-Aminomutase....Pages 159-171
The Pathway from 5-Aminolevulinic Acid to Protochlorophyllide and Protoheme....Pages 173-188
Biosynthesis of Chlorophylls a and b: The Last Steps....Pages 189-200
Bacteriochlorophyll Biosynthesis in Green Bacteria....Pages 201-221
Involvement of Tetrapyrroles in Cellular Regulation....Pages 223-235
Chlorophyll Catabolites and the Biochemistry of Chlorophyll Breakdown....Pages 237-260
The Evolution of Chlorophylls and Photosynthesis....Pages 261-282
The Infl uence of Protein Interactions on the Properties of the Bacteriochlorophyll Dimer in Reaction Centers....Pages 283-295
Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of the Chlorosomes....Pages 297-307
Single Molecule Spectroscopy of Pigment Protein Complexes from Purple Bacteria....Pages 309-321
Effects of Axial Coordination, Electronic Excitation and Oxidation on Bond Orders in the Bacteriochlorin Macrocycle, and Generation of Radical Cation on Photo- Excitation of in vitro and in vivo Bacteriochlorophyll a Aggregates: Resonance Raman Studies....Pages 323-335
Mapping the Global Ring Currents in Porphyrins and Chlorins....Pages 337-347
Bacteriochlorophyll Protein Maquettes....Pages 349-363
Molecular Assembly of Bacteriochlorophyll Complexes Using Synthetic Light-Harvesting Model Polypeptides....Pages 365-373
Reconstitution and Pigment Exchange....Pages 375-385
Assembly of Model Bacteriochlorophyll Proteins in the Native Lipid Environment....Pages 387-396
Photosynthetic Functions of Chlorophylls....Pages 397-412
Excitation Energy Transfer Between (Bacterio)Chlorophylls—the Role of Excitonic Coupling....Pages 413-430
Mechanisms of Carotenoid-to-Bacteriochlorophyll Energy Transfer in the Light Harvesting Antenna Complexes 1 and 2: Dependence on the Conjugation Length of Carotenoids....Pages 431-443
Electron Transfer in Photosynthetic Reaction Centers....Pages 445-459
Chlorophyll Sensitizers in Photodynamic Therapy....Pages 461-483
Bacteriochlorophyll Sensitizers in Photodynamic Therapy....Pages 485-494
Metal-substituted Bacteriochlorophylls: Novel Molecular Tools....Pages 495-506
Chlorophyll Fluorescence as a Reporter on in vivo Electron Transport and Regulation in Plants....Pages 507-519
Meeting the Challenge of Monitoring Chlorophyll in the Ocean from Outer Space....Pages 521-534
Geochemistry of Chlorophylls....Pages 535-561
