Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China over 70 years ago, five paramount leaders have shaped the fates and fortunes of the nation and the ruling Chinese Communist Party: Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao, and Xi Jinping. Under their leaderships, China has undergone an extraordinary transformation from an undeveloped and insular country to a comprehensive world power.
In this definitive study, renowned Sinologist David Shambaugh offers a refreshing account of China’s dramatic post-revolutionary history through the prism of those who ruled it. Exploring the persona, formative socialization, psychology, and professional experiences of each leader, Shambaugh shows how their differing leadership styles and tactics of rule shaped China domestically and internationally: Mao was a populist tyrant, Deng a pragmatic Leninist, Jiang a bureaucratic politician, Hu a technocratic apparatchik, and Xi a modern emperor. Covering the full scope of these leaders’ personalities and power, this is an illuminating guide to China’s modern history and understanding how China has become the superpower of today.
Author(s): David Shambaugh
Publisher: POLITY PRESS
Year: 2021
Language: English
Commentary: Politics, Comunist China Leaders
Pages: 416
Tags: Politics, Comunist China Leaders, Biografias, Historia
CONTENTS
Cover
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Preface and Acknowledgments
Notes
1. On China’s Leaders and Leadership
Perspectives on Leadership
The Influences of Chinese Political Culture
The Influences of Chinese Leninist Culture
Notes
2. Mao Zedong: Populist Tyrant
Mao’s Inheritance and Immediate Challenges
Building the Nation, 1953–1957
Leaping Forward, Backward, and Forward Again: 1958–1965
The “Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution” and the End of the Maoist Era, 1966–1976
Notes
3. Deng Xiaoping: Pragmatic Leninist
Deng’s Comeback and Power Play
What Did Deng Inherit?
Implementing Reforms
Deng Xiaoping’s Stain: Tiananmen
Deng’s Last Stand
Notes
4. Jiang Zemin: Bureaucratic Politician
Jiang Zemin’s Past as Prologue to the Future
Reforming the Party
Jiang Zemin and the Military
Jiang Zemin and the Economy
Jiang Zemin and China’s Foreign Policy
The End of Jiang Zemin’s Rule and Transition to Hu Jintao
Notes
5. Hu Jintao: Technocratic Apparatchik
Hu Jintao’s Life and Career Path
Hu Jintao’s Decade in Waiting
Hu’s Inheritance
Hu Jintao’s Major Policy Initiatives
Reflections on Hu Jintao’s Rule
Notes
6. Xi Jinping: Modern Emperor
Xi Jinping’s Rise to Power
Dismantling Dengism
Navigating the Middle Income Trap
Revamped Repression
Xi Jinping on Balance
Notes
7. China’s Leaders in Contrast
Mao Zedong
Deng Xiaoping
Jiang Zemin
Hu Jintao
Xi Jinping
Notes
Index
End User License Agreement
List of Boxes
Chapter 2
Box 2.1 Chinese Political Names
Chapter 6
Box 6.1 Xi Jinping and Bo Xilai
Box 6.2 CCP Central Committee Document No. 9 (2013)
List of Illustrations
Chapter 2
Figure 2.1 Mao Zedong (1893–1976)
Figure 2.2 Mao Zedong Proclaiming Founding of People’s Republic of China, October 1, 1949
Figure 2.3 Mao and Stalin in Moscow, December 1949
Figure 2.4 GDP Growth During First Five-Year Plan
Figure 2.5 Great Leap Forward (1958–1960) Rural Steel Furnace Movement
Figure 2.6 Cultural Revolution Propaganda Poster
Figure 2.7 Red Guards Denouncing “Counterrevolutionary Revisionist Element” During the Cultural...
Figure 2.8 Chairman Mao Anoints Hua Guofeng as His Successor
Figure 2.9 Mao Zedong Lying in State, September 1976
Chapter 3
Figure 3.1 Deng Xiaoping (1904–1997)
Figure 3.2 Deng Xiaoping in Montargis, France, 1920
Figure 3.3 Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping, 1959
Figure 3.4 Deng Xiaoping and Hua Guofeng, 1979
Figure 3.5 Hu Yaobang (1915–1989)
Figure 3.6 Zhao Ziyang (1919–2005)
Figure 3.7 Deng Xiaoping Addresses United Nations, 1974
Figure 3.8 Trial of the “Gang of Four,” 1981
Figure 3.9 Growth of Township and Village Enterprises (TVEs), 1978–2008
Figure 3.10 Average Annual Growth by Sector, 1980–1985
Figure 3.11 Restructuring of SOEs and Their Employment Impact
Figure 3.12 Deng Xiaoping Dons Ten-Gallon Cowboy Hat During State Visit to the United States in Recognition...
Figure 3.13 Tanks in Tiananmen Square, June 5, 1989
Chapter 4
Figure 4.1 Jiang Zemin (1926–)
Figure 4.2 Jiang Zemin Delivers Deng Xiaoping’s Eulogy, February 26, 1997
Figure 4.3 Regional Shares of National GDP, 1989 and 2002
Figure 4.4 Jiang Zemin with His Successor Hu Jintao at 16th Party Congress, November 2002
Chapter 5
Figure 5.1 Hu Jintao (1942–)
Figure 5.2 President and CCP General Secretary Hu Jintao with Premier Wen Jiabao, March 2009
Figure 5.3 China’s Reported Incidents of Mass Unrest, 2000–2010
Figure 5.4 China’s Vice-President Zeng Qinghong, 2008
Figure 5.5 President Hu Jintao Meeting the Author, Washington, DC, January 2011
Chapter 6
Figure 6.1 Xi Jinping (1953–)
Figure 6.2 Xi Jinping Introduces CCP Politburo Standing Committee, November 15, 2012
Figure 6.3 Bo Xilai Sentenced to Life in Prison, September 23, 2012
Figure 6.4 Xi Jinping as Teenager in Rural Liangjiahe Village, Shaanxi Province, 1969
Figure 6.5 Xi Jinping: People’s Liberation Army Commander-in-Chief
Figure 6.6 Images of China in Cross-Section of Countries, October 2020
Figure 6.7 Xi Jinping: Emperor for Life?
List of Tables
Chapter 1
Table 1.1 China’s Principal Leadership Positions and Leaders Since 1949
Table 1.2 China’s Political Orientation Since Mao
Chapter 2
Table 2.1 Output of Selected Goods During the First Five-Year Plan
Chapter 4
Table 4.1 Chinese Assessments of Factors Contributing to the Collapse of the Soviet Union
