Jespersen’s Chemistry 7th Edition provides readers with the necessary practice, support, instruction and assessment that is required for learning and teaching the content of a General Chemistry course. This text provides the forum for problem solving and concept mastery of chemical phenomena that leads to proficiency and success. The Seventh Edition includes revisions to key content coverage areas and concepts and the addition of more Analyzing & Solving Multi-Concept problems and examples throughout the text. An increased emphasis has also been placed on the intimate relationship that exists between structure at the submicroscopic molecular level and the observable macroscopic properties of matter. Jespersen provides readers with a clear, concise and easy to understand General Chemistry resource.
Author(s): Neil D. Jespersen, James E. Brady, Alison Hyslop
Edition: 7
Publisher: Wiley
Year: 2014
Language: English
Pages: 1200
City: Hoboken, NJ
Cover
endpaper - Periodic Table
endpaper - Atomic Masses of the Elements
Table of Contents
Preface
0 A Very Brief History of Chemistry
0.1 Chemistry’s Important Concepts
0.2 Supernovas and the Elements
0.3 Elements and the Earth
0.4 Dalton’s Atomic Theory
0.5 Internal Structure of the Atom
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
1 Scientific Measurements
1.1 Laws and Theories: The Scientific Method
1.2 Matter and Its Classifications
1.3 Physical and Chemical Properties
1.4 Measurement of Physical and Chemical Properties
1.5 The Uncertainty of Measurements
1.6 Dimensional Analysis
1.7 Density and Specific Gravity
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
2 Elements, Compounds, and the Periodic Table
2.1 The Periodic Table
2.2 Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
2.3 Molecules and Chemical Formulas
2.4 Chemical Reactions and Chemical Equations
2.5 Ionic Compounds
2.6 Nomenclature of Ionic Compounds
2.7 Molecular Compounds
2.8 Nomenclature of Molecular Compounds
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
3 The Mole and Stoichiometry
3.1 The Mole and Avogadro’s Number
3.2 The Mole, Formula Mass, and Stoichiometry
3.3 Chemical Formula and Percentage Composition
3.4 Determining Empirical and Molecular Formulas
3.5 Stoichiometry and Chemical Equations
3.6 Limiting Reactants
3.7 Theoretical Yield and Percentage Yield
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
4 Molecular View of Reactions Aqueous Solutions
4.1 Describing Solutions
4.2 Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes
4.3 Equations for Ionic Reactions
4.4 Introducing Acids and Bases
4.5 Acid–Base Nomenclature
4.6 Double Replacement (Metathesis) Reactions
4.7 Molarity
4.8 Solution Stoichiometry
4.9 Titrations and Chemical Analysis
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
5 Oxidation–Reduction Reactions
5.1 Oxidation–Reduction Reactions
5.2 Balancing Redox Equations
5.3 Acids as Oxidizing Agents
5.4 Redox Reactions of Metals
5.5 Molecular Oxygen as an Oxidizing Agent
5.6 Stoichiometry of Redox Reactions
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
6 Energy and Chemical Change
6.1 Energy: The Ability to Do Work
6.2 Heat, Temperature, and Internal Energy
6.3 Measuring Heat
6.4 Energy of Chemical Reactions
6.5 Heat, Work, and the First Law of Thermodynamics
6.6 Heats of Reaction
6.7 Thermochemical Equations
6.8 Hess’s Law
6.9 Standard Heats of Reaction
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
7 The Quantum Mechanical Atom
7.1 Electromagnetic Radiation
7.2 Line Spectra and the Rydberg Equation
7.3 The Bohr Theory
7.4 The Wave Mechanical Model
7.5 Quantum Numbers of Electrons in Atoms
7.6 Electron Spin
7.7 Energy Levels and Ground State Electron Configurations
7.8 Periodic Table and Ground State Electron Configurations
7.9 Atomic Orbitals: Shapes and Orientations
7.10 Periodic Table and Properties of the Elements
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
8 The Basics of Chemical Bonding
8.1 Energy Requirements for Bond Formation
8.2 Ionic Bonding
8.3 Octet Rule and Electron Configurations of Ions
8.4 Lewis Symbols: Keeping Track of Valence Electrons
8.5 Covalent Bonds
8.6 Bond Polarity and Electronegativity
8.7 Lewis Structures
8.8 Resonance Structures
8.9 Covalent Compounds of Carbon
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
9 Theories of Bonding and Structure
9.1 Five Basic Molecular Geometries
9.2 Molecular Shapes and the VSEPR Model
9.3 Molecular Structure and Dipole Moments
9.4 Valence Bond Theory
9.5 Hybrid Orbitals and Molecular Geometry
9.6 Hybrid Orbitals and Multiple Bonds
9.7 Molecular Orbital Theory Basics
9.8 Delocalized Molecular Orbitals
9.9 Bonding in Solids
9.10 Bonding of the Allotropes of the Elements
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
10 Properties of Gases
10.1. A Molecular Look at Gases
10.2. Measurement of Pressure
10.3. Gas Laws
10.4. Stoichiometry Using Gas Volumes
10.5. Ideal Gas Law
10.6. Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures
10.7. Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
10.8. Real Gases
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
11 Intermolecular Attractions and the Properties of Liquids and Solids
11.1 Intermolecular Forces
11.2 Intermolecular Forces and Physical Properties
11.3 Changes of State and Dynamic Equilibria
11.4 Vapor Pressures of Liquids and Solids
11.5 Boiling Points of Liquids
11.6 Energy and Changes of State
11.7 Phase Diagrams
11.8 Le Châtelier’s Principle and Changes of State
11.9 Determining Heats of Vaporization
11.10 Structures of Crystalline Solids
11.11 Determining the Structure of Solids
11.12 Crystal Types and Physical Properties
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
12 Mixtures at the Molecular Level: Properties of Solutions
12.1. Intermolecular Forces and the Formation of Solutions
12.2. Heats of Solution
12.3. Solubility as a Function of Temperature
12.4. Henry’s Law
12.5. Concentration Units
12.6. Colligative Properties
12.7. Heterogeneous Mixtures
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
13 Chemical Kinetics
13.1 Factors that Affect the Rate of Chemical Change
13.2 Measuring Reaction Rates
13.3 Rate Laws
13.4 Integrated Rate Laws
13.5 Molecular Basis of Collision Theory
13.6 Molecular Basis of Transition State Theory
13.7 Activation Energies
13.8 Mechanisms of Reactions
13.9 Catalysts
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
14 Chemical Equilibrium
14.1 Dynamic Equilibrium in Chemical Systems
14.2 Equilibrium Laws
14.3 Equilibrium Laws Based on Pressures or Concentrations
14.4 Equilibrium Laws for Heterogeneous Reactions
14.5 Position of Equilibrium and the Equilibrium Constant
14.6 Equilibrium and Le Châtelier’s Principle
14.7 Calculating Equilibrium Constants
14.8 Using Equilibrium Constants to Calculate Concentrations
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
15 Acids and Bases, A Molecular Look
15.1. Brønsted–Lowry Acids and Bases
15.2. Strengths of Brønsted–Lowry Acids and Bases
15.3. Periodic Trends in the Strengths of Acids
15.4. Lewis Acids and Bases
15.5. Acid–Base Properties of Elements and Their Oxides
15.6. Advanced Ceramics and Acid–Base Chemistry
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
16 Acid–Base Equilibria in Aqueous Solutions
16.1 Water, pH, and “p” Notation
16.2 pH of Strong Acid and Base Solutions
16.3 Ionization Constants, Ka and Kb
16.4 Determining Ka and Kb Values
16.5 pH of Weak Acid and Weak Base Solutions
16.6 Acid–Base Properties of Salt Solutions
16.7 Buffer Solutions
16.8 Polyprotic Acids
16.9 Acid–Base Titrations
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
17 Solubility and Simultaneous Equilibria
17.1 Equilibria in Solutions of Slightly Soluble Salts
17.2 Solubility of Basic Salts Is Influenced by Acids
17.3 Equilibria in Solutions of Metal Oxides and Sulfides
17.4 Selective Precipitation
17.5 Equilibria Involving Complex Ions
17.6 Complexation and Solubility
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
18 Thermodynamics
18.1 First Law of Thermodynamics
18.2 Spontaneous Change
18.3 Entropy
18.4 Second Law of Thermodynamics
18.5 Third Law of Thermodynamics
18.6 Standard Free Energy Change, ΔG°
18.7 Maximum Work and ΔG
18.8 Free Energy and Equilibrium
18.9 Equilibrium Constants and ΔG°
18.10 Bond Energies
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
19 Electrochemistry
19.1 Galvanic (Voltaic) Cells
19.2 Cell Potentials
19.3 Utilizing Standard Reduction Potentials
19.4 E°cell and ΔG°
19.5 Cell Potentials and Concentrations
19.6 Electricity
19.7 Electrolytic Cells
19.8 Electrolysis Stoichiometry
19.9 Practical Applications of Electrolysis
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
20 Nuclear Reactions and Their Role in Chemistry
20.1 Conservation of Mass and Energy
20.2 Nuclear Binding Energy
20.3 Radioactivity
20.4 Band of Stability
20.5 Transmutation
20.6 Measuring Radioactivity
20.7 Medical and Analytical Applications of Radionuclides
20.8 Nuclear Fission and Fusion
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
21 Metal Complexes
21.1 Complex Ions
21.2 Metal Complex Nomenclature
21.3 Coordination Number and Structure
21.4 Isomers of Metal Complexes
21.5 Bonding in Metal Complexes
21.6 Biological Functions of Metal Ions
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
22 Organic Compounds, Polymers, and Biochemicals
22.1 Organic Structures and Functional Groups
22.2 Hydrocarbons: Structure, Nomenclature and Reactions
22.3 Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen
22.4 Organic Derivatives of Ammonia
22.5 Organic Polymers
22.6 Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Proteins
22.7 Nucleic Acids, DNA, and RNA
Tools for Problem Solving
Review Questions and Problems
APPENDICES
Appendix A: Review of Mathematics
Appendix B: Answers to Practice Exercises and Selected Review Problems
Appendix C: Tables of Selected Data
Glossary
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Index
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