This graduate-level textbook in a new revised edition treats the basic chemistry of high energy materials - primary and secondary explosives, propellants, rocket fuel and pyrotechnics - and provides a review of new research developments. Applications in both military and civil fields are discussed. The book also offers new insights into ""green"" chemistry requirements and strategies for military applications. This work should be of interest to advanced students in chemistry, materials science and engineering, as well as all those working in defense technology
Author(s): Thomas M. Klapötke
Series: De Gruyter Textbook
Edition: 2nd
Publisher: De Gruyter
Year: 2012
Language: English
Pages: 257
Tags: Химия и химическая промышленность;Пиротехника, взрывчатые вещества;
Content: 1 Introduction
1.1 Historical Overview
1.2 New Developments
1.2.1 Polymer-Bonded Explosives
1.2.2 New High (Secondary) Explosives
1.2.3 New Primary Explosives
1.2.4 New Oxidizers for Solid Rocket Motors
1.3 Definitions
1.4 Combustion, Deflagration, Detonation --
A Short Introduction
1.4.1 Fire and Combustion
1.4.2 Deflagration and Detonation
2 Classification of Energetic Materials
2.1 Primary Explosives
2.2 High (Secondary) Explosives
2.3 Propellant Charges
2.4 Rocket Propellants
2.4.1 Chemical Thermal Propulsion (CTP)
2.5 Pyrotechnics. 2.5.1 Detonators, Initiators, Delay Compositions and Heat-Generating Pyrotechnics2.5.2 Light-Generating Pyrotechnics
2.5.3 Decoy Flares
2.5.4 Smoke Munitions
2.5.5 Near-Infrared (NIR) Compositions
3 Detonation, Detonation Velocity and Detonation Pressure
4 Thermodynamics
4.1 Theoretical Basis
4.2 Computational Methods
4.2.1 Thermodynamics
4.2.2 Detonation Parameters
4.2.3 Combustion Parameters
4.2.4 Example: Theoretical Evaluation of New Solid Rocket Propellants
4.2.5 Example: EXPLO5 Calculation of the Gun Propellant Properties of Single, Double and Triple Base Propellants. 5 Initiation6 Experimental Characterization of Explosives
6.1 Sensitivities
6.2 Long-Term Stabilities
6.3 Insensitive Munitions
6.4 Gap Test
6.5 Classification
7 Special Aspects of Explosives
7.1 Shaped Charges
7.2 Detonation Velocities
7.3 Gurney Model
7.3.1 Example: Calculation of the Gurney Velocity for a General Purpose Bomb
8 Correlation between the Electrostatic Potential and the Impact Sensitivity
8.1 Electrostatic Potentials
8.2 Volume-Based Sensitivities
9 Design of Novel Energetic Materials
9.1 Classification
9.2 Polynitrogen Compounds
9.3 High-Nitrogen Compounds. 9.3.1 Tetrazole and Dinitramide Chemistry9.3.2 Tetrazole, Tetrazine and Trinitroethyl Chemistry
9.3.3 Ionic Liquids
9.4 Dinitroguanidine Derivatives
9.5 Co-Crystallization
9.6 Future Energetics
10 Synthesis of Energetic Materials
10.1 Molecular Building Blocks
10.2 Nitration Reactions
10.3 Processing
11 Safe Handling of Energetic Materials in the Laboratory
11.1 General
11.2 Protective Equipment
11.3 Laboratory Equipment
12 Energetic Materials of the Future
13 Related Topics
13.1 Thermobaric Weapons
13.2 Agent Defeat Weapons
13.3 Nanothermites. 13.3.1 Example: Iron Oxide/Aluminum Thermite13.3.2 Example: Copper Oxide/Aluminum Thermite
13.3.3 Example: Molybdenum Trioxide/Aluminum Thermite
13.4 Homemade Explosives
14 Study Questions
15 Literature
16 Appendix
Index.
