For one-semester courses in General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
Show the importance of chemistry in the real world
Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Twelfth Edition is the ideal resource for today’s allied health students. Assuming no prior knowledge of chemistry, author Karen Timberlake engages students through her friendly presentation style and reveals connections between the structure and behavior of matter and its role in health and the environment. With a renewed focus on problem-solving skills, the Twelfth Edition encourages active learning through the new, interactive Pearson eText enhanced with media within MasteringChemistry. New Interactive Videos, Sample Calculations, ‘Problem Solving in Allied Health’ Tutorials, and Dynamic Study Modules bring chemistry to life and walk students through different approaches to problem solving, providing remediation where needed.
This program provides a better teaching and learning experience–for you and your students. It will help you to:
• Personalize learning with MasteringChemistry®: This online homework, tutorial, and assessment program helps students master core concepts and problem-solving skills, thus freeing up time in the classroom for instructors to focus on complex topics.
• Show the relevance of chemistry through real-world examples: Activities and applications throughout the program couple chemistry concepts with health and environmental career applications to help students understand why course content matters.
• Foster development of problem-solving skills: The program introduces a variety of clear problem-solving strategies early in the text that are reinforced through Allied Health Tutorials in MasteringChemistry and revisited when needed.
• Help students visualize and understand concepts: The text’s engaging visual features, including macro-to-micro illustrations, a rich photographic program, and concept maps, help students understand chemistry by seeing chemistry.
Note: You are purchasing a standalone product; MasteringChemistry does not come packaged with this content. If you would like to purchase both the physical text and MasteringChemistry search for ISBN-10: 0321907140 / ISBN-13: 9780321907141. That package includes ISBN-10: 0321908449 /ISBN-13: 9780321908445 and ISBN-10: 0321909240 / ISBN-13: 9780321909244.
MasteringChemistry is not a self-paced technology and should only be purchased when required by an instructor.
Author(s): Karen C. Timberlake
Edition: 12
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Year: 2014
Language: English
Commentary: Removed protection. Optimized
Pages: 742
Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
1 Chemistry in Our Lives
CAREER: Forensic Scientist
1.1 Chemistry and Chemicals
1.2 Scientific Method: Thinking Like a Scientist
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH Early Chemist: Paracelsus
1.3 Learning Chemistry: A Study Plan
1.4 Key Math Skills for Chemistry
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Writing a Number in Scientific Notation
Concept Map
Chapter Review
Key Terms
Key Math Skills
Understanding the Concepts
Additional Questions and Problems
Challenge Questions
Answers
2 Chemistry and Measurements
CAREER: Registered Nurse
2.1 Units of Measurement
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Units Listed on Labels
2.2 Measured Numbers and Significant Figures
2.3 Significant Figures in Calculations
2.4 Prefixes and Equalities
2.5 Writing Conversion Factors
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: SI and Metric Equalities on Product Labels
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Toxicology and Risk–Benefit Assessment
2.6 Problem Solving Using Unit Conversion
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Using Conversion Factors
2.7 Density
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Sink or Float
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Bone Density
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Using Density
Concept Map
Chapter Review
Key Terms
Core Chemistry Skills
Understanding the Concepts
Additional Questions and Problems
Challenge Questions
Answers
3 Matter and Energy
CAREER: Dietitian
3.1 Classification of Matter
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Breathing Mixtures
3.2 States and Properties of Matter
3.3 Temperature
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Calculating Temperature
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Variation in Body Temperature
3.4 Energy
CHEMISTRY LINK TO THE ENVIRONMENT: Carbon Dioxide and Climate Change
3.5 Energy and Nutrition
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Calculating the Energy from a Food
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Counting Calories
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Losing and Gaining Weight
3.6 Specific Heat
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Calculations Using Specific Heat
3.7 Changes of State
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Calculations Using a Heat Conversion Factor
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Steam Burns
Concept Map
Chapter Review
Key Terms
Core Chemistry Skills
Understanding the Concepts
Additional Questions and Problems
Challenge Questions
Answers
Combining Ideas from Chapters 1 to 3
4 Atoms and Elements
CAREER: Farmer
4.1 Elements and Symbols
CHEMISTRY LINK TO THE ENVIRONMENT: Many Forms of Carbon
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Toxicity of Mercury
4.2 The Periodic Table
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Elements Essential to Health
4.3 The Atom
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Repulsion and Attraction
4.4 Atomic Number and Mass Number
4.5 Isotopes and Atomic Mass
4.6 Electron Energy Levels
CHEMISTRY LINK TO THE ENVIRONMENT: Energy-Saving Fluorescent Bulbs
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Biological Reactions to UV Light
4.7 Trends in Periodic Properties
Concept Map
Chapter Review
Key Terms
Core Chemistry Skills
Understanding the Concepts
Additional Questions and Problems
Challenge Questions
Answers
5 Nuclear Chemistry
CAREER: Radiation Technologist
5.1 Natural Radioactivity
5.2 Nuclear Reactions
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Completing a Nuclear Equation
CHEMISTRY LINK TO THE ENVIRONMENT: Radon in Our Homes
5.3 Radiation Measurement
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Radiation and Food
5.4 Half-Life of a Radioisotope
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Using Half-Lives
CHEMISTRY LINK TO THE ENVIRONMENT: Dating Ancient Objects
5.5 Medical Applications Using Radioactivity
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Brachytherapy
5.6 Nuclear Fission and Fusion
CHEMISTRY LINK TO THE ENVIRONMENT: Nuclear Power Plants
Concept Map
Chapter Review
Key Terms
Core Chemistry Skills
Understanding the Concepts
Additional Questions and Problems
Challenge Questions
Answers
6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds
CAREER: Pharmacy Technician
6.1 Ions: Transfer of Electrons
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Some Important Ions in the Body
6.2 Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds
6.3 Naming Ionic Compounds
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Naming Ionic Compounds with Metals That Form a Single Ion
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Naming Ionic Compounds with Variable Charge Metals
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Writing Formulas from the Name of an Ionic Compound
6.4 Polyatomic Ions
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Writing Formulas with Polyatomic Ions
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Naming Ionic Compounds with Polyatomic Ions
6.5 Molecular Compounds: Sharing Electrons
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Drawing Electron-Dot Formulas
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Naming Molecular Compounds
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Writing Formulas for Molecular Compounds
6.6 Electronegativity and Bond Polarity
6.7 Shapes and Polarity of Molecules
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Predicting Molecular Shape (VSEPR Theory)
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Determination of Polarity of a Molecule
6.8 Attractive Forces in Compounds
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Attractive Forces in Biological Compounds
Concept Map
Chapter Review
Key Terms
Core Chemistry Skills
Understanding the Concepts
Additional Questions and Problems
Challenge Questions
Answers
Combining Ideas from Chapters 4 to 6
7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions
CAREER: Exercise Physiologist
7.1 The Mole
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Calculating the Atoms or Molecules of a Substance
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Calculating the Moles of an Element in a Compound
7.2 Molar Mass and Calculations
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Calculating Molar Mass
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Calculating Moles in the Kitchen
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Calculating the Moles (or Grams) of a Substance from Grams (or Moles)
7.3 Equations for Chemical Reactions
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Balancing a Chemical Equation
7.4 Types of Reactions
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Incomplete Combustion: Toxicity of Carbon Monoxide
7.5 Oxidation–Reduction Reactions
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Oxidation of Fruits and Vegetables
7.6 Mole Relationships in Chemical Equations
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Calculating the Quantities of Reactants and Products in a Chemical Reaction
7.7 Mass Calculations for Reactions
7.8 Energy in Chemical Reactions
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Cold Packs and Hot Packs
Concept Map
Chapter Review
Key Terms
Core Chemistry Skills
Understanding the Concepts
Additional Questions and Problems
Challenge Questions
Answers
8 Gases
CAREER: Respiratory Therapist
8.1 Properties of Gases
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Forming a Gas
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Measuring Blood Pressure
8.2 Pressure and Volume (Boyle's Law)
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Using the Gas Laws
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Pressure–Volume Relationship in Breathing
8.3 Temperature and Volume (Charles's Law)
8.4 Temperature and Pressure (Gay-Lussac's Law)
8.5 The Combined Gas Law
8.6 Volume and Moles (Avogadro's Law)
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Using Molar Volume
8.7 Partial Pressures (Dalton's Law)
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Calculating Partial Pressure
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Blood Gases
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Hyperbaric Chambers
Concept Map
Chapter Review
Key Terms
Core Chemistry Skills
Understanding the Concepts
Additional Questions and Problems
Challenge Questions
Answers
9 Solutions
CAREER: Dialysis Nurse
9.1 Solutions
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Water in the Body
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Like Dissolves Like
9.2 Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Electrolytes in Body Fluids
9.3 Solubility
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Gout and Kidney Stones: A Problem of Saturation in Body Fluids
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Preparing Rock Candy
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Preparing Solutions
9.4 Concentrations of Solutions
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Calculating Solution Concentration
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Using Concentration to Calculate Mass or Volume
9.5 Dilution of Solutions
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Calculating Dilution Quantities
9.6 Properties of Solutions
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Colloids and Solutions in the Body
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Everyday Osmosis
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Dialysis by the Kidneys and the Artificial Kidney
Concept Map
Chapter Review
Key Terms
Core Chemistry Skills
Understanding the Concepts
Additional Questions and Problems
Challenge Questions
Answers
Combining Ideas from Chapters 7 to 9
10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium
CAREER: Clinical Laboratory Technician
10.1 Acids and Bases
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Writing Conjugate Acid–Base Pairs
10.2 Strengths of Acids and Bases
10.3 Acid–Base Equilibrium
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Oxygen–Hemoglobin Equilibrium and Hypoxia
10.4 Ionization of Water
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Calculating [H[sub(3)]O[sup(+)]] and [OH[sup(-)]] in Aqueous Solutions
10.5 The pH Scale
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Calculating pH of an Aqueous Solution
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Using Vegetables and Flowers as pH Indicators
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Calculating [H[sub(3)]O[sup(+)]] from pH
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Stomach Acid, HCI
10.6 Reactions of Acids and Bases
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Balancing an Equation for Neutralization
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Calculations for an Acid–Base Titration
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Antacids
10.7 Buffers
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Buffers in the Blood
Concept Map
Chapter Review
Key Terms
Key Math Skills
Core Chemistry Skills
Understanding the Concepts
Additional Questions and Problems
Challenge Questions
Answers
11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons
CAREER: Firefighter
11.1 Organic Compounds
11.2 Alkanes
11.3 Alkanes with Substituents
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Naming Alkanes
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Drawing Alkane Formulas
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Common Uses of Halogenated Alkanes
11.4 Properties of Alkanes
11.5 Alkenes and Alkynes
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Ripening Fruit
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Naming Alkenes and Alkynes
11.6 Cis–Trans Isomers
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Modeling Cis–Trans Isomers
CHEMISTRY LINK TO THE ENVIRONMENT: Pheromones in Insect Communication
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Cis–Trans Isomers for Night Vision
11.7 Addition Reactions
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Unsaturation in Fats and Oils
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Fats
11.8 Aromatic Compounds
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Naming Aromatic Compounds
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Some Common Aromatic Compounds
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Concept Map
Chapter Review
Summary of Naming
Summary of Reactions
Key Terms
Core Chemistry Skills
Understanding the Concepts
Additional Questions and Problems
Challenge Questions
Answers
12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones
CAREER: Nurse Anesthetist
12.1 Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, and Ethers
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Naming Alcohols
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Alcohols in Household Products
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Some Important Alcohols and Phenols
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Ethers as Anesthetics
12.2 Properties of Alcohols
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Hand Sanitizers and Ethanol
12.3 Aldehydes and Ketones
CHEMISTRY LINK TO THE ENVIRONMENT: Vanilla
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Naming Aldehydes
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Naming Ketones
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Some Important Aldehydes and Ketones
12.4 Reactions of Alcohols, Thiols, Aldehydes, and Ketones
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Methanol Poisoning
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Oxidation of Alcohol in the Body
Concept Map
Chapter Review
Summary of Naming
Summary of Reactions
Key Terms
Core Chemistry Skills
Understanding the Concepts
Additional Questions and Problems
Challenge Questions
Answers
Combining Ideas from Chapters 10 to 12
13 Carbohydrates
CAREER: Diabetes Nurse
13.1 Carbohydrates
13.2 Chiral Molecules
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Using Gumdrops and Toothpicks to Model Chiral Objects
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Enantiomers in Biological Systems
13.3 Fischer Projections of Monosaccharides
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia
13.4 Haworth Structures of Monosaccharides
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Drawing Haworth Structures
13.5 Chemical Properties of Monosaccharides
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Testing for Glucose in Urine
13.6 Disaccharides
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Sugar and Sweeteners
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: How Sweet Is My Sweetener?
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Blood Types and Carbohydrates
13.7 Polysaccharides
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Polysaccharides
Concept Map
Chapter Review
Summary of Carbohydrates
Summary of Reactions
Key Terms
Core Chemistry Skills
Understanding the Concepts
Additional Questions and Problems
Challenge Questions
Answers
14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides
CAREER: Surgical Technician
14.1 Carboxylic Acids
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Naming Carboxylic Acids
14.2 Properties of Carboxylic Acids
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Carboxylic Acids in Metabolism
14.3 Esters
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Salicylic Acid from Willow Tree
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Naming Esters
CHEMISTRY LINK TO THE ENVIRONMENT: Plastics
14.4 Hydrolysis of Esters
14.5 Amines
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Amines in Health and Medicine
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH Alkaloids: Amines in Plants
14.6 Amides
GUIDE TO PROBLEM SOLVING: Naming Amides
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Amides in Health and Medicine
Concept Map
Chapter Review
Summary of Naming
Summary of Reactions
Key Terms
Core Chemistry Skills
Understanding the Concepts
Additional Questions and Problems
Challenge Questions
Answers
15 Lipids
CAREER: Geriatric Nurse
15.1 Lipids
15.2 Fatty Acids
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Solubility of Fats and Oils
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Fish Oils
15.3 Waxes and Triacylglycerols
15.4 Chemical Properties of Triacylglycerols
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Trans Fatty Acids and Hydrogenation
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Types of Fats
15.5 Phospholipids
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome (IRDS)
15.6 Steroids: Cholesterol, Bile Salts, and Steroid Hormones
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Anabolic Steroids
15.7 Cell Membranes
Concept Map
Chapter Review
Summary of Reactions
Key Terms
Core Chemistry Skills
Understanding the Concepts
Additional Questions and Problems
Challenge Questions
Answers
Combining Ideas from Chapters 13 to 15
16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes
CAREER: Physician Assistant
16.1 Proteins and Amino Acids
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Essential Amino Acids
16.2 Amino Acids as Acids and Bases
16.3 Proteins: Primary Structure
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Polypeptides in the Body
16.4 Proteins: Secondary, Tertiary, and Quaternary Structures
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Denaturation of Milk Protein
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Protein Structure and Mad Cow Disease
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Sickle-Cell Anemia
16.5 Enzymes
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Isoenzymes As Diagnostic Tools
16.6 Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Enzyme Activity
Concept Map
Chapter Review
Key Terms
Core Chemistry Skills
Understanding the Concepts
Additional Questions and Problems
Challenge Questions
Answers
17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis
CAREER: Histology Technician
17.1 Components of Nucleic Acids
17.2 Primary Structure of Nucleic Acids
17.3 DNA Double Helix
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: DNA Fingerprinting
17.4 RNA and the Genetic Code
17.5 Protein Synthesis
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Many Antibiotics Inhibit Protein Synthesis
17.6 Genetic Mutations
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: A Model for DNA Replication and Mutation
17.7 Viruses
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Cancer
Concept Map
Chapter Review
Key Terms
Core Chemistry Skills
Understanding the Concepts
Additional Questions and Problems
Challenge Questions
Answers
18 Metabolic Pathways and Energy Production
CAREER: Veterinary Assistant
18.1 Metabolism and ATP Energy
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: ATP Energy and Ca[sup(2+)] Needed to Contract Muscles
18.2 Digestion of Foods
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Carbohydrate Digestion
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Lactose Intolerance
18.3 Coenzymes in Metabolic Pathways
18.4 Glycolysis: Oxidation of Glucose
18.5 The Citric Acid Cycle
18.6 Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: ATP Synthase and Heating the Body
18.7 Oxidation of Fatty Acids
EXPLORE YOUR WORLD: Fat Storage and Blubber
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Stored Fat and Obesity
CHEMISTRY LINK TO HEALTH: Ketone Bodies and Diabetes
18.8 Degradation of Amino Acids
Concept Map
Chapter Review
Summary of Reactions
Key Terms
Core Chemistry Skills
Understanding the Concepts
Additional Questions and Problems
Challenge Questions
Answers
Combining Ideas from Chapters 16 to 18
Credits
Glossary/Index
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
