Charting the Emerging Field of Japanese Diaspora Archaeology

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This book examines the Japanese diaspora from the historical archaeology perspective―drawing from archaeological data, archival research, and often oral history―and explores current trends in archaeological scholarship while also looking at new methodological and theoretical directions. The chapters include research on pre-War rural labor camps or villages in the US, as well as research on western Canada (British Columbia), Peru, and the Pacific Islands (Hawai‘i and Tinian), incorporating work on understudied urban and cemetery sites. One of the main themes explored in the book is patterns of cultural persistence and change, whether couched in terms of maintenance of tradition, “Americanization,” or the formation of dual identities. Other themes emerging from these chapters include consumption, agency, stylistic analysis, community lifecycles, social networks, diaspora and transnationalism, gender, and sexuality. Also included are discussions of trauma, racialization, displacement, labor, heritage, and community engagement. Some are presented as fully formed interpretive frameworks with substantial supporting data, while others are works in progress or tentative attempts to push the boundaries of our field into innovative new territory. This book is of interest to students and researchers in historical archaeology, anthropology, sociology of migration, diaspora studies and historiography.

Previously published in International Journal of Historical Archaeology Volume 25, issue 3, September 2021

Author(s): Douglas E. Ross, Koji Lau-Ozawa
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2023

Language: English
Pages: 333
City: Singapore

Contents
Critical Mass: Charting a Course for Japanese Diaspora Archaeology
Abstract
Introduction
The expansion of the Japanese Diaspora
Approaches to Japanese Diaspora History
In This Volume
References Cited
A History of Japanese Diaspora Archaeology
Abstract
Introduction
Archaeology of the Pre-War Era
1960s-80s
1990-2005
2005-20
Archaeology of the WWII Era
1970s to 90s
2000-14
2015-20
Archaeology-Adjacent Research
Research Trends and Future Directions
References
Archaeological Examination of Japanese Photographs and Archival Data from the Pre-WWII Okinawan Diaspora: Tinian, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
Abstract
Introduction
The Okinawan Diaspora to the Northern Mariana Islands
Historical Context: Administration of the Nanyō Islands by Japan
Life in the Marianas
Residences and Everyday Life
Okinawan Emigration Elsewhere before and after WWII
The Tinian Plantation and Refinery
The Archaeology of the Sugar Plantation in Tinian Today
Okinawan Farmsteads
Okinawan Gardens
Okinawan Refuges and Military Defenses
Discussion
Conclusions
References
Jizo (Ksitigarbha) Statues under Palm Trees: The Materialization of Early Japanese Immigrant Culture in Hawai‘i
Abstract
Introduction
Graves and Cemeteries
Epitaphs
Stone Statues and Funerary Statuary
Religious Stone Statues
Funerary Statuaries
Conclusions
References
Introduction of Lifecycle of Community Framework: Grappling with Multiple, Complex Datasets in Interpreting Yama/Nagaya, a Late Nineteenth- to Early Twentieth-Century Pacific Northwest Japanese Immigrant Village
Abstract
Introduction
Historical Background of Yama/„Nagaya
Methodology
Lifecycle Stages: Yama/Nagaya Data
Pre-emergence
Inception
Growth
Maturity
Dissolution of Community
Discussion and Interpretations
Conclusions
References
The Materiality of Anti-Japanese Racism: “Foreignness” and Racialization at Barneston, Washington (1898-1924)
Abstract
Introduction
Racialization and Sawmill Town Labor Structures
Archival Methodology and Contextual Evidence
Labor Hierarchies and Social Control
Foreignness and the Yellow-Peril
Barneston and the Materiality of Contests Over “Foreignness”
A Spatial Summary of the Nikkei Community
The Materiality of Foreignness
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Japanese Ceramics and the Complexities of Consumption in “this Knife-Fork Land”
Abstract
The Archaeology of Transpacific Consumption and Discourse
Japanese Ceramics and Consumer Culture
Japanese Gulch Village and the Tactics of Consumption
Archaeological Ceramics from Japanese Gulch Village
Japanese Ceramic Forms
Japanese Ceramic Decoration
References
Archaeology of Early Twentieth-Century Japanese Canadian Logging Camps in British Columbia
Abstract
Introduction
Background
A Note on Terminology and Classification
Overview of the Two Camps
The Suicide Creek Camp
The McKenzie Creek Camp
Comparisons of Features and Artifacts
Comparing the two Sites with Each Other
Comparing the Two Camps with Other Sites in the Region
Considering the Process of Abandonment
Reflections on Gender, Children, Identity, and Living on the Margins of Urban Areas
A Speculative Scenario About the Two Sites and the Japanese Canadian Presence in the Seymour Valley
Concluding Comments
References
The Japanese American Experience in San Luis Obispo during the Interwar Years
Abstract
The Kurokawa Family
Archaeological Findings
Temporal Data
Tablewares
Whale Products
Alcohol Bottles
Faunal Remains
Soils Analysis
A Brief Comparison
Conclusions
Life after San Luis Obispo
References
Towards an Archaeology of the Japanese Diaspora in Peru
Abstract
Introduction
A Historical Background of the Japanese Diaspora in Peru
Previous Studies of the Japanese Diaspora in Peru
The Archaeology of Diaspora: Some Useful Considerations
Toward an Archaeology of the Japanese Diaspora in Peru
Project 1: Coastal Haciendas and Japanese Workers
Project 2: Family History and the Construction of a Japanese-Peruvian Heritage
Conclusions
References
From the Inside Out: Thinking through the Archaeology of Japanese American Confinement
Abstract
Introduction
Archaeological Research at Sites of Confinement
DU Amache Project Background and Methods
Patterns in the Amache Data
Artifacts
Features
Informal Written Survey Data
Conclusion and Some Working Hypotheses
References
Diaspora and Social Networks in a World War II Japanese American Incarceration Center
Abstract
Introduction
Previous Community Structures
General Background on Japanese American Incarceration
Temporary detention centers
Movement into and between camps
Camp layout and function
Archaeological Evidence of Community
Background on social networks
Social Network Analysis as a Method
Discussion and Analysis
Conclusion
References
Inscriptions and Silences: Challenges of Bearing Witness at the Gila River Incarceration Camp
Abstract
From the Field
Introduction
Japanese Diasporas
The Gila River Incarceration Camp
Inscriptions
K. Kunisuye
Y. Tomita
Ambiguous Signatures
Silences
Masked in Digitization: Okinawans
Queering the Archaeological Record
Interrogating Inscriptions and Listening for Silences
References
The Future of Japanese Diaspora Archaeology in the United States
Abstract
Introduction
Establishing a Research Agenda
Defining the Research Agenda
Community-Driven Archaeology on Federal Land
Garden Archaeology
Theorizing the Material Consequences of WWII Incarceration
Initiating a Research Agenda through Shared Taxonomies and Vocabularies
Conclusion: Attending to Our Many Publics (Including Ourselves!)
References
Speaking beyond the Discipline: Japanese Diaspora Archaeology in Dialogue
Abstract
Comments on the Special Issue, “Charting the Emerging Field of Japanese Diaspora Archeology”
Mariko Iijima
Beyond the Veil
Wesley Ueunten
Relevance and Resonance: Conceptual Frameworks in Japanese Diaspora Archaeology
Lane Hirabayashi
References