Challenging Traditional Views of Russian History

Cover......Page 1
Contents......Page 6
List of Figures......Page 9
List of Tables......Page 10
List of Abbreviations......Page 12
Notes on the Contributors......Page 14
Acknowledgments......Page 16
Introduction......Page 18
PART I THE PRE-REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD......Page 24
1 The Kaghanate of the Rus': Non-Slavic Sources of Russian Statehood......Page 26
1.1 The background: peasant migrations, Khazar power and expanding trade......Page 27
1.2 Volga Bulgaria......Page 36
1.3 The Kaghanate of the Rus'......Page 37
1.4 The turn to the Dnieper......Page 42
1.5 Conclusions......Page 44
2 The Crisis of the Late Tsarist Penal System......Page 50
2.1 Developments in the Russian prison system in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in comparison with the West......Page 52
2.2 Detailed materials from the annual reports of the Tsarist Prison Administration from the 1880s to 1905: the years of imprisonment......Page 56
2.3 Changes in prison developments, 1906–14......Page 62
2.4 Conclusion......Page 65
3 The Russian Army and American Industry, 1915–17: Globalisation and the Transfer of Technology......Page 78
PART II THE STALIN PERIOD......Page 90
4.1 The grain harvest......Page 92
4.2 Why was grain production so low in 1931 and 1932?......Page 94
4.3 The grain crisis of 1932–33......Page 101
4.4 Changes in the grain balance......Page 110
4.5 Conclusion......Page 111
5 Patronage and the Intelligentsia in Stalin's Russia......Page 115
5.1 Who were the patrons?......Page 117
5.2 What could the patrons do for their clients?......Page 120
5.3 How to acquire a patron......Page 121
5.4 Brokers......Page 122
5.5 How to write to a patron......Page 123
5.6 The human factor: affective ties between patrons and clients......Page 124
5.7 Hierarchies of patronage......Page 126
5.8 Perils and pleasures of patronage......Page 127
6 Towards Explaining the Changing Levels of Stalinist Repression in the 1930s: Mass Killings......Page 135
6.1 Stalinist mass killings in perspective......Page 136
6.2 The 1930–31 wave of mass killings, and why the killings were drastically reduced in July 1931......Page 137
6.3 The reduction in mass killings from the second half of 1931 to 1936......Page 146
6.4 The Ezhovshchina and the resumption of mass killings, 1937–38......Page 152
6.5 Conclusions......Page 161
7.1 The purges: historiographical debates......Page 170
7.2 Sources......Page 172
7.4 Sex ratios......Page 173
7.6 Residency......Page 174
7.7 Communist Party membership......Page 175
7.9 Social composition......Page 177
7.10 Dates of arrests, trials and executions......Page 180
7.11 Number of days between arrest and trial, trial and execution......Page 184
7.12 State organisation responsible for conducting trials......Page 185
7.13 Statute Code......Page 186
7.15 Family ties......Page 189
7.16 Conclusions......Page 190
PART III THE POST-STALIN PERIOD......Page 194
8 The Dissident Roots of Glasnost......Page 196
8.1 Leninist sources of Gorbachev's glasnost......Page 198
8.2 The demand for glasnost......Page 199
8.3 The weapon of glasnost......Page 205
8.4 The practice of glasnost......Page 208
8.5 Official glasnost versus dissident glasnost......Page 212
9 Rethinking Yermolov's Legacy: New Patriotic Narratives of Russia's Engagement with Chechnya......Page 226
9.1 Seeing the Chechen through Yermolov's eyes......Page 230
9.2 Yermolov's tragedy......Page 232
9.3 Punishing civilians......Page 233
9.4 Conclusion......Page 235
10 Stalinism and the Fall of the Soviet Union......Page 240
10.1 The emergence of the Stalinist power structure......Page 241
10.2 Reform of the power structure?......Page 248
10.3 The collapse of the power structure?......Page 253
D......Page 258
I......Page 259
N......Page 260
S......Page 261
Z......Page 262
J......Page 263
R......Page 264
Z......Page 265