На английском языке. A report within IEA Heating and Cooling program – Task 7, 1986, 80 pages.
CSHPSS systems can meet a large fraction of the space and water heating load for buildings even in harsh northern climates, and they are already cost effective in some locations.
Solar costs as low as 20 $/MWh are possible where appropriate aquifers are available if a heat pump and low-temperature distribution system can be used.
Large solar fractions, more than 80%, can be achieved by systems without heat pumps using stratified energy storage and high performance collectors. Costs for these systems are about 60-70 $/MWh for low-temperature distribution systems and 90-100 $/MWh for high-temperature distribution systems.
