CCNA Security 640-554 official cert guide

Content: Introduction xxv Part I Fundamentals of Network Security Chapter 1 Networking Security Concepts ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 5 Foundation Topics 8 Understanding Network and Information Security Basics 8 Network Security Objectives 8 Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability 8 Cost-Benefit Analysis of Security 9 Classifying Assets 10 Classifying Vulnerabilities 11 Classifying Countermeasures 12 What Do We Do with the Risk? 12 Recognizing Current Network Threats 13 Potential Attackers 13 Attack Methods 14 Attack Vectors 15 Man-in-the-Middle Attacks 15 Other Miscellaneous Attack Methods 16 Applying Fundamental Security Principles to Network Design 17 Guidelines 17 How It All Fits Together 19 Exam Preparation Tasks 20 Review All the Key Topics 20 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 20 Define Key Terms 20 Chapter 2 Understanding Security Policies Using a Lifecycle Approach ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 23 Foundation Topics 25 Risk Analysis and Management 25 Secure Network Lifecycle 25 Risk Analysis Methods 25 Security Posture Assessment 26 An Approach to Risk Management 27 Regulatory Compliance Affecting Risk 28 Security Policies 28 Who, What, and Why 28 Specific Types of Policies 29 Standards, Procedures, and Guidelines 30 Testing the Security Architecture 31 Responding to an Incident on the Network 32 Collecting Evidence 32 Reasons for Not Being an Attacker 32 Liability 33 Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity Planning 33 Exam Preparation Tasks 34 Review All the Key Topics 34 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 34 Define Key Terms 34 Chapter 3 Building a Security Strategy ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 37 Foundation Topics 40 Securing Borderless Networks 40 The Changing Nature of Networks 40 Logical Boundaries 40 SecureX and Context-Aware Security 42 Controlling and Containing Data Loss 42 An Ounce of Prevention 42 Secure Connectivity Using VPNs 43 Secure Management 43 Exam Preparation Tasks 44 Review All the Key Topics 44 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 44 Define Key Terms 44 Part II Protecting the Network Infrastructure Chapter 4 Network Foundation Protection ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 49 Foundation Topics 52 Using Network Foundation Protection to Secure Networks 52 The Importance of the Network Infrastructure 52 The Network Foundation Protection (NFP) Framework 52 Interdependence 53 Implementing NFP 53 Understanding the Management Plane 55 First Things First 55 Best Practices for Securing the Management Plane 55 Understanding the Control Plane 56 Best Practices for Securing the Control Plane 56 Understanding the Data Plane 57 Best Practices for Protecting the Data Plane 59 Additional Data Plane Protection Mechanisms 59 Exam Preparation Tasks 60 Review All the Key Topics 60 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 60 Define Key Terms 60 Chapter 5 Using Cisco Configuration Professional to Protect the Network Infrastructure ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 63 Foundation Topics 65 Introducing Cisco Configuration Professional 65 Understanding CCP Features and the GUI 65 The Menu Bar 66 The Toolbar 67 Left Navigation Pane 68 Content Pane 69 Status Bar 69 Setting Up New Devices 69 CCP Building Blocks 70 Communities 70 Templates 74 User Profiles 78 CCP Audit Features 81 One-Step Lockdown 84 A Few Highlights 84 Exam Preparation Tasks 88 Review All the Key Topics 88 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 88 Define Key Terms 88 Command Reference to Check Your Memory 89 Chapter 6 Securing the Management Plane on Cisco IOS Devices ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 91 Foundation Topics 94 Securing Management Traffic 94 What Is Management Traffic and the Management Plane? 94 Beyond the Blue Rollover Cable 94 Management Plane Best Practices 95 Password Recommendations 97 Using AAA to Verify Users 97 AAA Components 98 Options for Storing Usernames, Passwords, and Access Rules 98 Authorizing VPN Users 99 Router Access Authentication 100 The AAA Method List 101 Role-Based Access Control 102 Custom Privilege Levels 103 Limiting the Administrator by Assigning a View 103 Encrypted Management Protocols 103 Using Logging Files 104 Understanding NTP 105 Protecting Cisco IOS Files 106 Implement Security Measures to Protect the Management Plane 106 Implementing Strong Passwords 106 User Authentication with AAA 108 Using the CLI to Troubleshoot AAA for Cisco Routers 113 RBAC Privilege Level/Parser View 118 Implementing Parser Views 120 SSH and HTTPS 122 Implementing Logging Features 125 Configuring Syslog Support 125 SNMP Features 128 Configuring NTP 131 Securing the Cisco IOS Image and Configuration Files 133 Exam Preparation Tasks 134 Review All the Key Topics 134 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 135 Define Key Terms 135 Command Reference to Check Your Memory 135 Chapter 7 Implementing AAA Using IOS and the ACS Server ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 137 Foundation Topics 140 Cisco Secure ACS, RADIUS, and TACACS 140 Why Use Cisco ACS? 140 What Platform Does ACS Run On? 141 What Is ISE? 141 Protocols Used Between the ACS and the Router 141 Protocol Choices Between the ACS Server and the Client (the Router) 142 Configuring Routers to Interoperate with an ACS Server 143 Configuring the ACS Server to Interoperate with a Router 154 Verifying and Troubleshooting Router-to-ACS Server Interactions 164 Exam Preparation Tasks 171 Review All the Key Topics 171 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 171 Define Key Terms 171 Command Reference to Check Your Memory 172 Chapter 8 Securing Layer 2 Technologies ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 175 Foundation Topics 178 VLAN and Trunking Fundamentals 178 What Is a VLAN? 178 Trunking with 802.1Q 180 Following the Frame, Step by Step 181 The Native VLAN on a Trunk 181 So, What Do You Want to Be? (Says the Port) 182 Inter-VLAN Routing 182 The Challenge of Using Physical Interfaces Only 182 Using Virtual ''Sub'' Interfaces 182 Spanning-Tree Fundamentals 183 Loops in Networks Are Usually Bad 184 The Life of a Loop 184 The Solution to the Layer 2 Loop 184 STP Is Wary of New Ports 187 Improving the Time Until Forwarding 187 Common Layer 2 Threats and How to Mitigate Them 188 Disrupt the Bottom of the Wall, and the Top Is Disrupted, Too 188 Layer 2 Best Practices 189 Do Not Allow Negotiations 190 Layer 2 Security Toolkit 190 Specific Layer 2 Mitigation for CCNA Security 191 BPDU Guard 191 Root Guard 192 Port Security 192 Exam Preparation Tasks 195 Review All the Key Topics 195 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 195 Review the Port Security Video Included with This Book 196 Define Key Terms 196 Command Reference to Check Your Memory 196 Chapter 9 Securing the Data Plane in IPv6 ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 199 Foundation Topics 202 Understanding and Configuring IPv6 202 Why IPv6? 202 The Format of an IPv6 Address 203 Understanding the Shortcuts 205 Did We Get an Extra Address? 205 IPv6 Address Types 206 Configuring IPv6 Routing 208 Moving to IPv6 210 Developing a Security Plan for IPv6 210 Best Practices Common to Both IPv4 and IPv6 210 Threats Common to Both IPv4 and IPv6 212 The Focus on IPv6 Security 213 New Potential Risks with IPv6 213 IPv6 Best Practices 214 Exam Preparation Tasks 216 Review All the Key Topics 216 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 216 Define Key Terms 217 Command Reference to Check Your Memory 217 Part III Mitigating and Controlling Threats Chapter 10 Planning a Threat Control Strategy ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 221 Foundation Topics 224 Designing Threat Mitigation and Containment 224 The Opportunity for the Attacker Is Real 224 Many Potential Risks 224 The Biggest Risk of All 224 Where Do We Go from Here? 225 Securing a Network via Hardware/Software/Services 226 Switches 227 Routers 228 ASA Firewall 230 Other Systems and Services 231 Exam Preparation Tasks 232 Review All the Key Topics 232 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 232 Define Key Terms 232 Chapter 11 Using Access Control Lists for Threat Mitigation ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 235 Foundation Topics 238 Access Control List Fundamentals and Benefits 238 Access Lists Aren't Just for Breakfast Anymore 238 Stopping Malicious Traffic with an Access List 239 What Can We Protect Against? 240 The Logic in a Packet-Filtering ACL 241 Standard and Extended Access Lists 242 Line Numbers Inside an Access List 243 Wildcard Masks 244 Object Groups 244 Implementing IPv4 ACLs as Packet Filters 244 Putting the Policy in Place 244 Monitoring the Access Lists 255 To Log or Not to Log 257 Implementing IPv6 ACLs as Packet Filters 259 Exam Preparation Tasks 263 Review All the Key Topics 263 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 263 Review the NAT Video Included with This Book 263 Define Key Terms 264 Command Reference to Check Your Memory 264 Chapter 12 Understanding Firewall Fundamentals ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 267 Foundation Topics 270 Firewall Concepts and Technologies 270 Firewall Technologies 270 Objectives of a Good Firewall 270 Firewall Justifications 271 The Defense-in-Depth Approach 272 Five Basic Firewall Methodologies 273 Static Packet Filtering 274 Application Layer Gateway 275 Stateful Packet Filtering 276 Application Inspection 277 Transparent Firewalls 277 Using Network Address Translation 278 NAT Is About Hiding or Changing the Truth About Source Addresses 278 Inside, Outside, Local, Global 279 Port Address Translation 280 NAT Options 281 Creating and Deploying Firewalls 283 Firewall Technologies 283 Firewall Design Considerations 283 Firewall Access Rules 284 Packet-Filtering Access Rule Structure 285 Firewall Rule Design Guidelines 285 Rule Implementation Consistency 286 Exam Preparation Tasks 288 Review All the Key Topics 288 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 288 Define Key Terms 288 Chapter 13 Implementing Cisco IOS Zone-Based Firewalls ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 291 Foundation Topics 294 Cisco IOS Zone-Based Firewall 294 How Zone-Based Firewall Operates 294 Specific Features of Zone-Based Firewalls 294 Zones and Why We Need Pairs of Them 295 Putting the Pieces Together 296 Service Policies 297 The Self Zone 300 Configuring and Verifying Cisco IOS Zone-Based Firewall 300 First Things First 301 Using CCP to Configure the Firewall 301 Verifying the Firewall 314 Verifying the Configuration from the Command Line 315 Implementing NAT in Addition to ZBF 319 Verifying Whether NAT Is Working 322 Exam Preparation Tasks 324 Review All the Key Topics 324 Review the Video Bonus Material 324 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 324 Define Key Terms 325 Command Reference to Check Your Memory 325 Chapter 14 Configuring Basic Firewall Policies on Cisco ASA ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 327 Foundation Topics 330 The ASA Appliance Family and Features 330 Meet the ASA Family 330 ASA Features and Services 331 ASA Firewall Fundamentals 333 ASA Security Levels 333 The Default Flow of Traffic 335 Tools to Manage the ASA 336 Initial Access 337 Packet Filtering on the ASA 337 Implementing a Packet-Filtering ACL 338 Modular Policy Framework 338 Where to Apply a Policy 339 Configuring the ASA 340 Beginning the Configuration 340 Getting to the ASDM GUI 345 Configuring the Interfaces 347 IP Addresses for Clients 355 Basic Routing to the Internet 356 NAT and PAT 357 Permitting Additional Access Through the Firewall 359 Using Packet Tracer to Verify Which Packets Are Allowed 362 Verifying the Policy of No Telnet 366 Exam Preparation Tasks 368 Review All the Key Topics 368 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 368 Define Key Terms 369 Command Reference to Check Your Memory 369 Chapter 15 Cisco IPS/IDS Fundamentals ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 371 Foundation Topics 374 IPS Versus IDS 374 What Sensors Do 374 Difference Between IPS and IDS 374 Sensor Platforms 376 True/False Negatives/Positives 376 Positive/Negative Terminology 377 Identifying Malicious Traffic on the Network 377 Signature-Based IPS/IDS 377 Policy-Based IPS/IDS 378 Anomaly-Based IPS/IDS 378 Reputation-Based IPS/IDS 378 When Sensors Detect Malicious Traffic 379 Controlling Which Actions the Sensors Should Take 381 Implementing Actions Based on the Risk Rating 382 IPv6 and IPS 382 Circumventing an IPS/IDS 382 Managing Signatures 384 Signature or Severity Levels 384 Monitoring and Managing Alarms and Alerts 385 Security Intelligence 385 IPS/IDS Best Practices 386 Exam Preparation Tasks 387 Review All the Key Topics 387 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 387 Define Key Terms 387 Chapter 16 Implementing IOS-Based IPS ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 389 Foundation Topics 392 Understanding and Installing an IOS-Based IPS 392 What Can IOS IPS Do? 392 Installing the IOS IPS Feature 393 Getting to the IPS Wizard 394 Working with Signatures in an IOS-Based IPS 400 Actions That May Be Taken 405 Best Practices When Tuning IPS 412 Managing and Monitoring IPS Alarms 412 Exam Preparation Tasks 417 Review All the Key Topics 417 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 417 Define Key Terms 417 Command Reference to Check Your Memory 418 Part IV Using VPNs for Secure Connectivity Chapter 17 Fundamentals of VPN Technology ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 423 Foundation Topics 426 Understanding VPNs and Why We Use Them 426 What Is a VPN? 426 Types of VPNs 427 Two Main Types of VPNs 427 Main Benefits of VPNs 427 Confidentiality 428 Data Integrity 428 Authentication 430 Antireplay 430 Cryptography Basic Components 430 Ciphers and Keys 430 Ciphers 430 Keys 431 Block and Stream Ciphers 431 Block Ciphers 432 Stream Ciphers 432 Symmetric and Asymmetric Algorithms 432 Symmetric 432 Asymmetric 433 Hashes 434 Hashed Message Authentication Code 434 Digital Signatures 435 Digital Signatures in Action 435 Key Management 436 IPsec and SSL 436 IPsec 436 SSL 437 Exam Preparation Tasks 439 Review All the Key Topics 439 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 439 Define Key Terms 439 Chapter 18 Fundamentals of the Public Key Infrastructure ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 441 Foundation Topics 444 Public Key Infrastructure 444 Public and Private Key Pairs 444 RSA Algorithm, the Keys, and Digital Certificates 445 Who Has Keys and a Digital Certificate? 445 How Two Parties Exchange Public Keys 445 Creating a Digital Signature 445 Certificate Authorities 446 Root and Identity Certificates 446 Root Certificate 446 Identity Certificate 448 Using the Digital Certificates to get the Peer's Public Key 448 X.500 and X.509v3 Certificates 449 Authenticating and Enrolling with the CA 450 Public Key Cryptography Standards 450 Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol 451 Revoked Certificates 451 Uses for Digital Certificates 452 PKI Topologies 452 Single Root CA 453 Hierarchical CA with Subordinate CAs 453 Cross-Certifying CAs 453 Putting the Pieces of PKI to Work 453 Default of the ASA 454 Viewing the Certificates in ASDM 455 Adding a New Root Certificate 455 Easier Method for Installing Both Root and Identity certificates 457 Exam Preparation Tasks 462 Review All the Key Topics 462 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 462 Define Key Terms 463 Command Reference to Check Your Memory 463 Chapter 19 Fundamentals of IP Security ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 465 Foundation Topics 468 IPsec Concepts, Components, and Operations 468 The Goal of IPsec 468 The Play by Play for IPsec 469 Step 1: Negotiate the IKE Phase 1 Tunnel 469 Step 2: Run the DH Key Exchange 471 Step 3: Authenticate the Peer 471 What About the User's Original Packet? 471 Leveraging What They Have Already Built 471 Now IPsec Can Protect the User's Packets 472 Traffic Before IPsec 472 Traffic After IPsec 473 Summary of the IPsec Story 474 Configuring and Verifying IPsec 475 Tools to Configure the Tunnels 475 Start with a Plan 475 Applying the Configuration 475 Viewing the CLI Equivalent at the Router 482 Completing and Verifying IPsec 484 Exam Preparation Tasks 491 Review All the Key Topics 491 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 491 Define Key Terms 492 Command Reference to Check Your Memory 492 Chapter 20 Implementing IPsec Site-to-Site VPNs ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 495 Foundation Topics 498 Planning and Preparing an IPsec Site-to-Site VPN 498 Customer Needs 498 Planning IKE Phase 1 500 Planning IKE Phase 2 501 Implementing and Verifying an IPsec Site-to-Site VPN 502 Troubleshooting IPsec Site-to-Site VPNs 511 Exam Preparation Tasks 526 Review All the Key Topics 526 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 526 Define Key Terms 526 Command Reference to Check Your Memory 526 Chapter 21 Implementing SSL VPNs Using Cisco ASA ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quiz 529 Foundation Topics 532 Functions and Use of SSL for VPNs 532 Is IPsec Out of the Picture? 532 SSL and TLS Protocol Framework 533 The Play by Play of SSL for VPNs 534 SSL VPN Flavors 534 Configuring SSL Clientless VPNs on ASA 535 Using the SSL VPN Wizard 536 Digital Certificates 537 Authenticating Users 538 Logging In 541 Seeing the VPN Activity from the Server 543 Configuring the Full SSL AnyConnect VPN on the ASA 544 Types of SSL VPNs 545 Configuring Server to Support the AnyConnect Client 545 Groups, Connection Profiles, and Defaults 552 One Item with Three Different Names 553 Split Tunneling 554 Exam Preparation Tasks 556 Review All the Key Topics 556 Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 556 Define Key Terms 556 Chapter 22 Final Preparation Tools for Final Preparation 559 Pearson IT Certification Practice Test Engine and Questions on the CD 559 Installing the Software from the CD 560 Activating and Downloading the Practice Exam 560 Activating Other Exams 560 Premium Edition 561 The Cisco Learning Network 561 Memory Tables 561 Chapter-Ending Review Tools 561 Videos 562 Suggested Plan for Final Review/Study 562 Using the Exam Engine 562 Summary 563 Part V Appendixes Appendix A Answers to the ''Do I Know This Already?'' Quizzes 567 Appendix B CCNA Security 640-554 (IINSv2) Exam Updates 573 Glossary 577 On the CD Appendix C Memory Tables Appendix D Memory Tables Answer Key 9781587204463 TOC 6/5/2012