The topic of the proposed book is signal compression. The compression (or low bit rate coding) of speech, audio, image and video signals is a key technology for rapidly emerging opportunities in multimedia products and services.
The book contains chapters dedicated to the subtopics of data, speech, audio and visual signal coding, together with an introductory overview chapter on signal compression. The overview article summarizes current capabilities and future trends. The signal-specific chapters that follow focus on the latest technologies and coding standards, while including self-contained introductions to the respective signal domains. The authors of the book chapters are recognized experts in the field of signal processing, compression in particular.
Signal compression dealing with both audio and visual signals technology has progressed very rapidly. The proposed book fills a clear void, and should prove to be a valuable reference, both to the practicing professional and to the relatively uninitiated student.
Author(s): Jayant N (ed)
Year: 1997
Pages: 236
Tags: Приборостроение;Обработка сигналов;
SIGNAL COMPRESSION: CODING OF SPEECH, AUDIO, TEXT, IMAGE AND VIDEO ed. N.Jayant ......Page 2
Copyright ......Page 3
CONTENTS ......Page 6
1.Digital Signal Processing and Coding 1......Page 7
2.1.Bit rate 2......Page 8
2.2.Signal quality 3......Page 9
2.5.Coding algorithms 4......Page 10
2.6.State-of-the-art 6......Page 12
2.7.Coding standards 9......Page 15
3.Trends in Signal Compression 10......Page 16
References 11......Page 17
1.Introduction 13......Page 19
2.1.Speech coder attributes 15......Page 21
2.1.1.Bit rate 16......Page 22
2.1.2.Delay 17......Page 23
2.1.3.Complexity 18......Page 24
2.1.4.Quality 19......Page 25
2.2. Linear prediction based speech production models 22......Page 28
2.3.LPC equations 28......Page 34
2.4.A simpler coder—ADPCM 29......Page 35
2.5.Models of human perception in speech coding 30......Page 36
2.6.Linear prediction analysis-by-synthesis coders using the perceptual weighting filter 33......Page 39
2.7.More uses for perceptual masking 37......Page 43
2.8.Frequency domain speech coders 38......Page 44
2.9.Wideband (7 kHz) speech coding 40......Page 46
2.10.Low bit rate model-based speech coders 41......Page 47
3.Current Standards 43......Page 49
3.1. Current ITU waveform signal coders 46......Page 52
3.2. ITU linear prediction analysis-by-synthesis speech coders 48......Page 54
3.4.Digital cellular speech coding standards 51......Page 57
3.5.Speech coders for satellite based systems 54......Page 60
3.6.Secure voice standards: FS1015, FS1016 and a new 2-4 kb/s coder 55......Page 61
3.7.Performance 57......Page 63
4.Speech Coder Implementations 58......Page 64
4.1.Fixed point implementations 60......Page 66
4.3.Host processor implementations 63......Page 69
5.Summary 64......Page 70
References 65......Page 71
1.Introduction 69......Page 75
2.Transmission, Storage, and Broadcasting of Audio Signals 70......Page 76
2.1.Transmission channels 71......Page 77
2.2.Storage media 72......Page 78
2.3.Digital sound broadcasting (DSB) 73......Page 79
3.Auditory Masking 74......Page 80
3.1.Simultaneous masking 75......Page 81
3.3.Quality measures 77......Page 83
4.1.Noise shaping and perceptual coding 78......Page 84
4.2.Key technologies 80......Page 86
5.Coding of Audio Signals 84......Page 90
5.1.Block-companded PCM and ADPCM 85......Page 91
5.2.Subband coding 86......Page 92
5.3.Transform coding 88......Page 94
5.4.Hybrid coding 89......Page 95
6.The ISO/MPEG Audio Codec 90......Page 96
6.1.The polyphase filter bank 91......Page 97
6.2.Efficient filterbank implementations 96......Page 102
6.3.The psychoacoustic model 99......Page 105
6.4.An example of psychoacoustic model analysis 101......Page 107
6.4.1.Example for psychoacoustic model 2 102......Page 108
6.5.1.Layer I 105......Page 111
6.5.2.Layer II 107......Page 113
6.5.3.Layer III 108......Page 114
6.7.Stereo redundancy coding 112......Page 118
7.Multichannel Stereophony 113......Page 119
8.Conclusion 115......Page 121
References 116......Page 122
1.Introduction 119......Page 125
2.Background 121......Page 127
3.Waveform-Based Compression Techniques 122......Page 128
3.1.Predictive methods 123......Page 129
3.2.Block-based methods: Transform coding and vector quantization 127......Page 133
3.3. Multiresolution techniques 135......Page 141
4.1.Methods based on visual models 141......Page 147
4.2.Methods based on image models 147......Page 153
5.1.The JPEG still image compression standard 151......Page 157
5.2.The H.261 video teleconferencing standard 156......Page 162
5.3.The MPEG video compression standards 158......Page 164
6.Pre- and Postprocessing for Image Compression 162......Page 168
7.Complexity Issues 167......Page 173
References 168......Page 174
Contents 179 ......Page 184
1.Introduction 179......Page 185
2.1. Separation of function 181......Page 186
2.2. Overview of coding methods 183......Page 188
2.3. Non-entropy coding 184......Page 189
2.5. Minimum-redundancy coding 185......Page 190
2.6. Arithmetic coding 191......Page 196
2.7. Relative performance 195......Page 200
2.8. Binary alphabet coding 196......Page 201
3.1. Contextual models 197......Page 202
3.2. Dictionary models 199......Page 204
3.3. Model equivalence 202......Page 207
3.4. The PPM algorithm 203......Page 208
3.5. The ZIP algorithm 205......Page 210
3.6. The COMPRESS algorithm 206......Page 211
3.7. Relative performance 207......Page 212
4. Models for Images 208......Page 213
4.1. The CCITT facsimile standards 210......Page 215
4.2. Context models 211......Page 216
4.3. Two-level models 213......Page 218
4.4. JBIG: A standard for bilevel images 215......Page 220
4.5. The GIF format for lossless image compression 218......Page 223
4.6. The FELICS scheme for compression of grayscale images 219......Page 224
4.7. The CALIC scheme for compression of continuous-tone images 221......Page 226
4.8. Performance of lossless image compression methods 222......Page 227
5.2. Index compression 224......Page 229
5.3. Textual images 225......Page 230
5.4. Filesystem compression 226......Page 231
References 227......Page 232
cover......Page 1
