This book comparatively examines the etiopathogenetic, clinical-pathological, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies of the main bone tumors of domestic animals. The book also includes a description of the most significant aspects of macroscopic, microscopic, immunohistochemical, instrumental, diagnostic imaging and molecular biology aspects of spontaneous bone tumors in Veterinary Medicine, with also interspecies comparative aspects, including the human one. Last but not least, the book provides an overview of the new diagnostic and therapeutic frontiers related to the approach to animal bone tumors.
The book serves as essential reading for professionals, researchers and students who work or want to tackle three paths in the field of comparative veterinary bone oncology.
Author(s): Leonardo Leonardi
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2021
Language: English
Pages: 208
City: Cham
Foreword to the First Edition
Preface
Acknowledgement
Contents
Chapter 1: Outline of Anatomy/Physiology of Skeletal Tissues
1.1 Structure and Physiology of Skeletal Tissue
1.1.1 Bone Tissue
1.1.2 Bone Cells
1.1.3 Bone Tissue Organization
1.1.4 Normal Bone Development
1.1.5 Types of Skeletal Tissues
1.1.6 Bone and Cartilage Skeletal Tissues
1.1.6.1 Bone
1.1.6.2 Cartilage
1.1.6.3 Dentine
1.1.6.4 Enamel
1.1.6.5 Intermediate Tissues
1.1.6.6 Cementum
1.1.6.7 Enameloid
1.1.6.8 Chondroid and Chondroid Bone
1.1.7 Functions of Bone in the Skeleton
1.1.8 Origin and Dynamic Functions of the Skeleton and their Origins
1.1.9 Ultrastructure of Cells of the Skeleton
1.1.10 Cells of the Skeleton Derived from Neural Crest
1.1.11 Fibroblasts, Fibrocytes, and Myofibroblasts in the Skeleton
1.1.12 Monocytes, Macrophages, and Histiocytes
1.1.13 Chondroblasts and Chondrocytes
1.1.14 Osteoblasts, Osteocytes and Osteoclasts
1.1.15 Smooth Muscle Cells
1.1.16 Striated Skeletal Muscle Cells
1.1.17 Lipoblasts and Lipocytes
1.1.18 Angioblasts, Vascular Endothelium, and Pericytes
1.1.19 Synovium
1.1.20 Mast Cells
1.1.21 Cells of Neural Crest Origin
References
Chapter 2: Tumors of the Musculoskeletal System
2.1 Terminology
2.1.1 Hyperplasia
2.1.2 Dysplasia (and Hamartoma, and Choristoma)
2.2 Abnormal Growths Discussed vs Skeletal Tumors
2.3 Benign vs Malignant Bone Tumors
2.4 Cellular Features: Metaplasia and Anaplasia
2.5 Tumor Progression: Last Phase in Tumor Development
2.6 Predisposing Conditions and Genetic Predisposition
2.7 Tumor Site of Origin Defines Tumor Categories for Osteosarcoma
2.7.1 Periosteal Origin
2.7.2 Parosteal (SYN.) Juxtacortical
2.7.3 Medullary Origin: Intramedullary (Syn. Intracortical or Central) Bone Tumors
2.8 Introduction to Tumors of Bone
2.9 WHO Bone Tumors Classification Scheme for Domestic Animal Bone Tumors
2.10 Tumors of Bone in Animals: Categories, Frequency, and Clinical Behavior
2.11 Benign Tumors of Bones
2.11.1 Osteoma
2.11.1.1 Definition
2.11.1.2 Epidemiology
2.11.1.3 Localization
2.11.1.4 Symptoms
2.11.1.5 Gross Pathology
2.11.1.6 Cytology Features
2.11.1.7 Microscopic Pathology
2.11.1.8 Differential Diagnosis
2.11.1.9 Diagnostic and Interpretative References List (Diagnostic Pearls)
2.11.2 Osteoblastoma Not Classified in WHO of Animals
2.11.2.1 Definition
2.11.2.2 Epidemiology
2.11.2.3 Localization
2.11.2.4 Symptoms
2.11.2.5 Gross Pathology
2.11.2.6 Cytology Features
2.11.2.7 Microscopic Pathology
2.11.2.8 Differential Diagnosis
2.11.2.9 Diagnostic and Interpretative References List (Diagnostic Pearls)
2.11.3 Myxoma of the Jaw (Odontogenic Myxoma)
2.11.3.1 Definition
2.11.3.2 Epidemiology and Localization
2.11.3.3 Symptoms
2.11.3.4 Gross Pathology
2.11.3.5 Cytology Features
2.11.3.6 Microscopic Pathology
2.11.3.7 Differential Diagnosis
2.11.3.8 Ancillary Techniques
2.11.4 Osteochondroma
2.11.4.1 Definition and Pathogenesis
2.11.4.2 Epidemiology and Localization
2.11.4.3 Symptoms
2.11.5 Feline Osteochondromatosis (Syn. Multiple Cartilaginous Exostosis (MCE))
2.11.6 Chondroma of Bones of the Skeletal Surface
2.11.6.1 Chondroma of Bone and Periosteal Chondroma
2.11.7 Hemangioma and Lymphangioma
2.11.8 Table Comparing Features of Selected Benign and Malignant Tumors (Table 2.2)
2.12 Malignant Tumors of Bone
2.12.1 Historical Discussion: Spectrum of Premalignant Lesions, Invasive but Non-Metastatic Tumors, Low-Grade to Highly Malign...
2.12.2 Barriers to Tumor Expansion; Tumor Locations in a Bone
2.12.3 Osteosarcoma
2.12.3.1 Central Osteosarcoma (Conventional Osteosarcoma, Classic Osteosarcoma)
2.12.3.2 Periosteal Osteosarcoma
2.12.4 Chondrosarcoma
2.12.5 Fibrosarcoma
2.12.6 Hemangiosarcoma
2.12.7 Giant Cell Tumor of Bone
2.12.8 Multilobular Tumor of Bone
2.12.9 Synovial Sarcoma
2.12.10 Liposarcoma
2.12.11 Malignant Mesenchymoma
2.13 Others Uncommon Bone Tumors
2.13.1 Myxosarcoma
2.14 Tumors of Bone Marrow
2.14.1 Myeloma and Multiple Myeloma (MM)
2.14.2 Lymphoma
Bibliography
Chapter 3: Tumor-like Lesions of the Musculoskeletal System
3.1 Fibrous Dysplasia
3.2 Solitary Bone Cyst
3.3 Juxtacortical Bone Cyst
3.4 Epidermoid Cyst and Epidermoid Cyst of the Phalanx
3.5 Myositis Ossificans
3.6 Villonodular Synovitis
Bibliography
Chapter 4: General Considerations About Bone Tumors
4.1 Specimen Selection, Processing, and Histologic Methods for Evaluating Bone Specimens
4.1.1 Determination of End Point Decalcification of Bone Using Three Techniques
Bibliography
Chapter 5: Small General Manual of Histological and Diagnostic Methodologies for Bone and Cartilage
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Diagnostic Process and General Investigation Protocols
5.3 Anamnestic Investigations and Clinical Symptoms
5.4 Histology and Cytology
5.5 Histochemistry
5.6 Immunohistochemistry
5.7 Some Supporting Genetic and Biomolecular Investigations, for Which Reference Is Made to the Study of Specific Textbooks
5.7.1 Karyotyping
5.7.1.1 Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization (FISH)
5.7.2 DNA Microarray
5.7.3 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
5.7.4 Real-Time PCR (Quantitative PCR)
References
Acknowledgments
