Blockchain for Industry 4.0: Emergence, Challenges, and Opportunities

Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Editors
Contributors
1 The rise of blockchain technology in healthcare for the preservation of patient-centric health records
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Large Amount of Healthcare Data and Medical Computing
1.2.1 Security and privacy of healthcare data
1.3 Medical Data Management
1.3.1 Health data access and sharing
1.3.2 Need for medical information exchange
1.3.3 Cloud and cryptography in healthcare
1.3.4 Blockchain-based patient-centric medical information storage
1.3.5 Major challenges of cloud computing in healthcare management
1.3.6 Blockchain-based healthcare
1.4 Overview of Architecture and Taxonomy of Blockchain
1.4.1 Permission-less and permissioned blockchain
1.4.2 Cryptography for medical data sharing
1.4.3 Blockchain for medical data sharing
1.4.4 On-chain or off-chain storage of medical data
1.5 The Block Chain’s Limitations
1.6 Conclusion
References
2 Industry 4.0 cross-domain blockchain solutions in healthcare: Trends and clinical considerations
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Background
2.3 Emerging Trends across Global Patent Grants
2.4 Emerging Technical Standards
2.5 Technology Clusters and Clinical Aspects
2.6 Cautions and Conclusions
References
3 Blockchain in banking and financial services
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Benefits of Blockchain Technology
3.2.1 Lowering costs
3.2.2 Data privacy and security
3.2.3 Transparency
3.2.4 Disintermediation
3.2.5 Operational efficiency
3.2.6 Reduce error solving and reconciliation
3.3 Application of Blockchain Technology in Banking and Financial Services
3.3.1 Know your customer (KYC)
3.3.2 Trade finance
3.3.3 Accounting and auditing
3.3.4 Digital currency
3.3.5 Cross-border payments
3.3.6 Taxing
3.3.7 Capital markets
3.3.8 Insurance
3.3.9 Other applications
3.4 Challenges of Blockchain Technology
3.4.1 Scalability
3.4.2 Security
3.4.3 High energy consumption
3.4.4 Regulation and governance
3.4.5 Cost and efficiency
3.5 Global Scenario of Blockchain Technology in Banking and Financial Services
3.6 Conclusion
References
4 Safeguarding blockchains from adversarial tactics
4.1 Introduction: Background and Driving Forces
4.2 Necessity of Safeguarding Dapps from Adversary Tactics
4.3 Blockchain Reference Model
4.4 Network Layer Attacks in Blockchain
4.4.1 Node configuration flaws
4.4.2 Attacks on consensus
4.4.3 Identity and access management issues
4.4.4 Best practices
4.5 Smart Contract Attacks in Blockchain
4.5.1 Smart contract logic flaws
4.5.2 Insecure arithmetic
4.5.3 Attacks on deterministic nature of smart contracts
4.5.4 Best practices
4.6 Access Layer Attacks in Blockchain
4.6.1 Exploitation via Web3 attacks
4.6.2 Exploitation via Web2 attacks
4.6.3 Best practices
4.7 Application Layer Attacks in Blockchain
4.7.1 Cross-site scripting (XSS)
4.7.2 Weak password complexity
4.7.3 Unvalidated URL redirection
4.7.4 Best practices
4.8 Security Strategy for Blockchain Development
4.9 Conclusion
References
5 Problems with the implementation of blockchain technology for decentralized IoT authentication: A literature review
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Background
5.2.1 Internet of things
5.2.2 Blockchain technology
5.3 Consensus Algorithms
5.4 Public Key Infrastructures
5.5 Blockchain and Internet of Things
5.6 Problem Definition and Motivation
5.7 Methodology
5.8 Search Terms
5.9 Data Extraction and Analysis
5.10 Searches and Paper Assessment
5.11 Cluster-Based Solutions
5.12 Public Key Infrastructure Reworks
5.13 Blockchain Servers
5.14 Adaptations of the Blockchain Technology
5.15 Device-to-Device
5.16 Management
5.17 Summary of the Identified Problems
5.18 Discussion
5.19 Conclusion
5.20 Future Work
References
6 Blockchain – Foundational infrastructure for Web 3.0 and cryptoassets
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Background
6.3 The Next Frontier of the Internet – Web 3.0
6.4 Blockchain as Foundational Infrastructure and Their Usecases
6.5 Blockchain-Driven Assets – Cryptoassets and Its Classification
6.5.1 Intrinsic cryptoassets
6.5.1.1 Payment tokens (cryptocurrencies)
6.5.1.2 DeFi token
6.5.1.3 Utility token
6.5.1.4 Hybrid token
6.5.1.5 Asset-backed tokens
6.5.1.6 Stablecoins
6.6 Blockchain as the Future of Finance
Metaverse – Practical Application of Web 3.0 and Cryptoasset
6.7 Blockchain-Associated Risks
6.8 Conclusion
References
7 Applications of blockchain technology for sustainable education
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Literature Review
7.2.1 Case study 1: CertiChain – blockchain-powered academic certificate issuance and verification system
7.2.2 Case study 2: Sign-A-Doc – blockchain-powered multi-party document signing and verification system
7.3 Future Research Dimensions
7.4 Conclusions
References
8 Blockchain technology in banking and financial services sector in india
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Blockchain Technology
8.3 Components of Blockchain Technology
8.4 Types of Blockchain Technology
8.5 Characteristics of Blockchain Technology
8.6 Using Blockchains in Banking and Finance
8.7 SWOT of Blockchain Technology in Banking and Financial Services
8.7.1 Strengths
8.7.2 Weaknesses
8.7.3 Opportunities
8.7.4 Challenges
8.8 Other Major Blockchain Challenges in Banking and Financial Services
8.9 Conclusion
References
9 Legal dimensions of blockchain technology
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Blockchain Technology: A Socio-Political Overview
9.3 Legal Repercussions of Blockchain Technology
9.3.1 Jurisdiction, Privacy, and Data Protection
9.3.2 Contractual infirmities
9.3.3 Property in and taxation of intangibles
9.4 Conclusion
References
10 Blockchain for securing the IoT-based smart wireless surveillance cameras
10.1 Introduction
10.1.1 Blockchain
10.1.2 Ethereum
10.1.3 Edge computing
10.1.4 Internet of things
10.1.5 Cloud storage
10.2 IoT-Based Smart Wireless Surveillance Cameras
10.3 Importance of Blockchain for Securing the System
10.4 Issues and Challenges in the Implementation
10.5 Existing System
10.6 Hardware and Software Requirement for the System
10.6.1 Hardware and software requirement for the smart camera system using Raspberry Pi
10.6.2 Hardware and software requirement for the smart camera system using Arduino Uno
10.7 Circuit Diagram of a Camera Node
10.8 Flowchart of the Working System
10.9 Architecture of the System with Blockchain
10.9.1 Architecture of the object detection by a smart
surveillance system using different algorithms
10.9.2 Architecture of the surveillance system with blockchain
10.10 Design and Implementation Using Blockchain Technology
10.10.1 System design
10.10.2 Implementation with blockchain
10.10.3 Transactions in blockchain
10.10.4 Smart contracts in blockchain
10.11 Setting Up Ethereum on the Raspberry Pi Node
10.12 Comparison of the Model with and without Blockchain
10.13 Limitation and Future Scope
10.14 Conclusion
References
11 Central bank digital currency
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Central bank digital currency
11.2.1 Wholesale CBDC
11.2.2 Retail CBDC
11.3 Central bank digital currency – design choices
11.3.1 Account-based CBDC
11.3.2 Token-based CBDC
11.4 Use cases involving wholesale CBDC
11.4.1 DVP settlement of tokenized securities with CBDC
11.4.2 Multi-CBDC for cross-border transactions
11.5 Importance of issuing retail CBDC
11.5.1 Design considerations for retail CBDC
11.5.2 Direct CBDC
11.5.3 Indirect CBDC
11.5.4 Hybrid/synthetic CBDC
11.6 Application of DLT for CBDC implementation
11.6.1 Incorporation of blockchain for CBDC – advantages
11.6.2 Wholesale CBDC
11.6.3 Retail CBDC
11.7 Global projects on CBDC
11.7.1 Project Stella
11.7.2 Project Khokha
11.7.3 Project Inthanon
11.8 Risks of not implementing CBDC
11.9 Conclusion
References
12 Blockchain technology in disaster management: A high-level overview and future research dimensions
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Blockchain Technology – An Overview
12.3 Blockchain for Disaster Management
12.4 Major Findings and Suggestions
12.5 Open Challenges and Future Outlook
12.6 Conclusions
References
13 Interoperable blockchain systems
13.1 Introduction
13.2 What is Blockchain Interoperability?
13.3 Need for Interoperability
13.4 What is the Current Landscape of Interoperability? – Technologies for Blockchain Interoperability
13.4.1 Sidechains
13.4.2 Notary schemes
13.4.3 Hashed timelock contracts
13.4.4 Blockchain of blockchains
13.4.5 Trusted relays
13.4.6 Blockchain-agnostic protocols
13.4.7 Blockchain migrators
13.5 Existing Solutions/Projects of Blockchain Interoperability
13.6 Methods to Generate Interoperability in Blockchain Networks
13.6.1 API method
13.6.2 Network of networks method
13.7 Open Protocols
13.8 Multi-Chain Frameworks
13.9 Few Use Cases of Interoperable Blockchains
13.10 Benefits of Blockchain Interoperability
13.11 Disadvantages of Blockchain Interoperability
13.12 Challenges in Blockchain Interoperability
13.13 Conclusion
References
14 Blockchain for industry 4.0: Overview and foundation of the technology
14.1 Introduction
14.1.1 Overview of blockchain technology
14.1.2 Uses of blockchain technology in Industry 4.0
14.2 Structure of Blockchain Technology
14.2.1 How does blockchain work?
14.2.2 Why blockchain is important?
14.2.3 Tiers of the blockchain
14.3 Theoretical Foundations of Blockchain Technology
14.4 Characteristics of Blockchain Technology
14.5 Types of Blockchain Technology
14.6 Blockchain Technology – Advantages and Disadvantages
14.6.1 The blockchain technology – advantages
14.6.2 The blockchain technology – disadvantages
14.7 Blockchain Technology – SWOT Analysis
14.8 Conclusion
References
15 Enabling cross-border trade in the face of regulatory barriers to data flow – the case of the blockchain-based service network
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Cross-Border Data Flows and International Trade
15.3 Regulatory Governance of Cross-Border Data Flows
15.4 Instruments for Enabling Cross-Border Data Flows
15.5 The Blockchain-Based Service Network
15.6 Squaring the Circle through Trade Hubs with the Aid of Cryptography
15.7 Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
Index