This book approaches biofuels from a new biotechnological perspective with the aim of equipping researchers with a thorough, up-to-date understanding of biofuel research and related technologies. Topics include biomethane, bioethanol, biobutanol, biomass, hydrolysis, bio-oil, microbiology, and many more. Biofuel research has evolved mechanisms to advance their utilization and their application in our system. The chapters will provide concise and up-to-date information to aid our understanding of biotechnology-related implications of biofuels development and its advancements. Readers in the areas of bioengineering, sustainability, renewable energies and biotechnology will find this work useful to widen their knowledge and perspectives on biofuels.
Author(s): Maria del Pilar Rodriguez-Torres, Claudia Martinez-Alonso
Series: Interdisciplinary Biotechnological Advances
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 152
City: Singapore
Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Introduction
1 Insights
1.1 Energy and its Worldwide Exploitation
2 Renewable Energies and Their Relevance in Sustainability
3 Biomass Concept and Its Importance
4 Biomass Processing to Obtain Biofuels
5 Final Remarks
References
Biotechnology and Its Connection to Renewable Energies: Biofuels Production
1 Introduction
2 General Biotechnology Role in Renewable Energies Development
3 Overview on Biofuels
3.1 First-Generation Biofuels
3.2 Second-Generation Biofuels
3.3 Third-Generation Biofuels
3.4 Fourth-Generation Biofuels (FGB)
3.5 Final Remarks
4 Worldwide Perspective in the Production of Biofuels
4.1 Biofuels in Developed Countries
4.2 Biofuels in Developing Countries
5 Conclusions
References
Biotechnological Formation of Biogas
1 Introduction
2 Feedstock for Obtaining Biogas
2.1 Agricultural Waste
2.2 Food Waste
2.3 Animal Manure
2.4 Wastewater
2.5 Industrial Waste
2.6 Microalgae
3 Biological Process from Biogas Production
3.1 Hydrolysis
3.2 Acidogenesis
3.3 Acetogenesis
3.4 Methanogenesis
4 Type of Biodigesters Used to Obtain Biogas
4.1 Batch or Semi-Continuous Reactors
4.2 Continuous Reactors
5 Biogas Purification Processes to Obtain Biomethane
5.1 Membrane Separation Technology (MS)
5.2 Water Scrubbing Technology (WS)
5.3 Chemical Absorption Technology (CA)
5.4 Pressure Swing Adsorption Technology (PSA)
6 Applications and Importance of Biogas and Biomethane as a Renewable Energy Source
6.1 Heat Production
6.2 Heat/Power
6.3 Vehicle Fuel
6.4 Direct Injection into the Gas Network
7 Conclusions
References
Biotechnology in Bioethanol Generation
1 Introduction
2 Bioethanol as Fuel
2.1 Uses
2.2 World Bioethanol Fuel Production
3 Ethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass
3.1 Composition of Lignocellulosic Biomass (LCB)
3.2 Bioethanol Production Steps from LCB
3.2.1 Pretreatment
3.2.2 Hydrolysis and Fermentation
3.2.3 Product Recovery
4 Ethanol Production from Algae Biomass
4.1 Classification of Algae
4.1.1 Macroalgae
4.1.2 Microalgae
4.2 Ethanol Production Steps from Algae Biomass
4.2.1 Pretreatment/Saccharification
4.2.2 Hydrolysis/Fermentation
5 Conclusion
References
Biological Methods for Diesel Formation
1 Introduction
2 Biomass for Obtaining Biodiesel
2.1 First-Generation Biodiesel (Edible Vegetable Oils)
2.1.1 Palm Oil
2.1.2 Soybean Oil
2.1.3 Sunflower Oil
2.1.4 Rapeseed Oil
2.2 Second-Generation Biodiesel (Nonedible Feedstock)
2.2.1 Nonedible Oils
2.2.2 Waste Cooking Oil
2.2.3 Waste Animal Fat
2.3 Third-Generation Biodiesel (Feedstock Algae)
2.4 Fourth-Generation Biodiesel (Genetically Modified Feedstock)
3 Methods for Biodiesel Obtention
3.1 Blending or Dilution
3.2 Microemulsion
3.3 Pyrolysis or Thermal Cracking
3.4 Transesterification
3.4.1 Non-catalytic Transesterification
3.4.2 Catalytic Transesterification
4 Applications and Importance of Biodiesel as a Renewable Energy Source
5 Conclusions
References
Biotechnological-Based Production of Bio-Oil and Vegetable Oil
1 Introduction
2 Bio-Oils: Generation and Potential Applications
2.1 Processes to Produce Bio-Oil
2.1.1 Pyrolysis
2.1.2 Hydrothermal Liquefaction
3 Potential Applications of Bio-Oil
4 Vegetable Oils: Processing to Produce Bio-Oils
4.1 Production of Vegetable Oil as a Biofuel
4.2 Potential Applications of Vegetable Oil
5 Remarks on Pyrolysis and Hydrothermal Liquefaction Related to Biotechnology
6 Cooking Oil, Lastly but Not Least: Processing and Opportunities
6.1 From Waste Cooking Oil to Other Biofuels
7 Conclusions
References
Biotechnology in Hydrogen Generation
1 Introduction
2 Hydrogen as Fuel
3 Hydrogen Production Processes
3.1 Hydrogen Production by Bio-Photolysis
3.1.1 Direct Bio-Photolysis
3.1.2 Indirect Bio-Photolysis
3.2 Hydrogen Production by Fermentative Process
3.2.1 Dark Fermentation
3.2.2 Photo-Fermentation
3.3 Hydrogen Production by Hybrid System
3.3.1 Two-Component Systems of Dark Fermentation and Photo-Fermentation
3.3.2 Three-Component System of Dark Fermentation, Photo-Fermentation, and Bio-Photolysis
4 Conclusions
References
Global Conclusions and Future Perspectives
1 A General and Final Overview on Biofuels
2 Biotechnology Specific Contribution to the Production of Biofuels
3 Conclusions on the Future of Biofuels
References
