In March 2012, at a meeting convened by the recently reelected Russian president Vladimir Putin, Minister of Defense Serdyukov informed Mr. Putin that a plan was being prepared for “the development of weapons based on new physical principles: radiation, geophysical wave, genetic, psychophysical, etc.” Subsequently, in response to concerns expressed both in Russia and abroad, the Russian government deleted the statement from the public transcript of the meeting. But the question remains: Is Russia developing an offensive biological warfare program? Raymond Zilinskas and Philippe Mauger investigate the multiple dimensions of this crucial security issue in their comprehensive, authoritative survey. Ranging from the Soviet legacy to current doctrine, from advanced weapons-development networks to civilian biotechnology research, from diplomatic initiatives to disinformation campaigns, they document and analyze the build-up and modernization of Russia’s biodefense establishment under the Putin administration.
CONTENTS:
• Putin’s Direction in the Biosciences.
• The Legacy of the Soviet Biological Warfare Program.
• Biosecurity and Military Modernization.
• Biodefense and High-Technology Research and Development.
• Civilian Bioscience and Biotechnology Since 2005.
• Addressing the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention.
• Policy Suggestions and Possible Future Collaborations.
Author(s): Raymond A. Zilinskas, Philippe Mauger
Publisher: Lynne Rienner Publishers
Year: 2018
Language: English
Pages: 403
City: Boulder
Title Page
Copyright page
Contents
Tables and Figures
Tables
Table 2.1 Bacterial and Viral Pathogens Used As Payloads for Soviet Anti-Personnel Biological Weapons
Table 3.1 Estimated Russian Defense Expenditures, 2008–2015
Table 4.1 The Primary Institutions Selected to Generate Figure 4.6
Table 4.2 Yearly Breakdown for the Tenders Used to Generate Figure 4.6
Table 5.1 Planned Financing of BIO-2020 As Given in the Underlying 2012 Document
Table 5.2 List of RAS Departments and Their Publication Records, 2006–2015
Figures
Figure 4.1 Organization Diagram for the Institutions Detailed in Chapter 4
Figure 4.2 Bermed Storage, Unit Parade Grounds, and Probable Labs N4and N5 with Renovated Roofs, 33rd Institute at Shikhany-2
Figure 4.3 Rospotrebnadzor Institutes, Journal Publications, Overview Page Data (eLibrary.ru), 2006–2015
Figure 4.4 Rospotrebnadzor Institutes, All Publications, Overview Page Data (eLibrary.ru), 2006–2015
Figure 4.5 Rospotrebnadzor Institutes, All Publications, Actual List Data (eLibrary.ru), 2006–2015
Figure 4.6 Network Diagram Displaying Open Financial Flows Between Institutions of Interest
Figure 5.1 Russian Doctor of Sciences and PhD Degrees Granted per Year in the Biologicaland Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1994–2015
Figure 5.2 Russian Doctor of Sciences and PhD Degrees Granted per Year in the Biological and Pharmeceutical Sciencesas Percentage of Total Number of Such Degrees Is sue d, 19 94–201 5
Figure 5.3 Output of Journal Articles from 314 RAS Institutes, 2006–2015
Figure 6.1 Map of Resolved and Continuing Outbreaks of African Swine Fever, 2014–2016
Acknowledgments
Ch1- Putin’s Direction in the Biosciences
Notes
Ch2- The Legacy of the Soviet Union’s Biological Warfare Program
The First-Generation Program, 1928–1971
The Second-Generation Program, 1972–1992
Legacy in Russia
Conclusions
Notes
Ch3- Russian Biosecurity and Military Modernization
Russia’s Military R&D Doctrine
Biosecurity Threat Perceptions and Biodefense Programming
A Warning Sign: The Hawks Within the NBC Troops
Conclusions
Annex 3.1 Selected Russian Documents and Statements
Annex 3.2 Russia’s Science and Technology Priorities Since 2002
Notes
Ch4- Biodefense and High-Technology Research and Development
Russian Ministry of Defense Institutions
Military Institutions Responsible forAdvanced Weapons Acquisition Planning and R&D
Select Military-Industrial Complex Institutions
Civilian Research Institutes with Biodefense Roles
Open Financial Flows Throughout Both Military and Civilian Networks
Conclusions
Annex 4.1 A 2008 NBC Troops Tender Describing Future Infrastructure Work
Annex 4.2 Russia’s Scientific Electronic Library: eLibrary.ru
Notes
Ch5- Civilian Bioscience and Biotechnology Since 2005
Developments in Biotechnology
Federal Programs, 2005–2016
Case Study 1: Consolidation of Russian Pharmaceutical Production
Case Study 2: Space Biology Projects
Case Study 3: Reforming the Russian Academies
Conclusions
Annex 5.1 Excerpts from Science in Siberia no. 26(2911), July 3, 2013
Notes
Ch6- Russia Addressing the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention
BWC Policy Process
Statements Related to the BWC, 2010–2016
Conclusions
Annex 6.1 Chronological List of Documents and Events Analyzed in Chapter 6
Annex 6.2 Cases of African Swine Fever in Europe and the Caucasus, 2014–2015
Annex 6.3 USA Today Reporting on US Biological Failures, August 4, 2015–June 24, 2016
Notes
Ch7- Policy Suggestions and Possible Future Collaborations
Space Biology
US and Russian Academies
Countering False Allegations
Notes
Acronyms
Bibliography
Index
About the Book
