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Biomaterials Effect on the Bone Microenvironment: Fabrication, Regeneration, and Clinical Applications

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Biomaterials Effect on the Bone Microenvironment

Practical resource on clinical bone regeneration from a variety of related interdisciplinary researchers

Biomaterials Effect on the Bone Microenvironment focuses on the structure-activity relationship between bone biomaterials and microenvironment regulation, presenting a systematic exposition from all aspects of biomaterials regulated microenvironment in bone regeneration and covering design strategies, applications, and mechanisms of biomaterials that regulate bone microenvironment, along with the methods for manufacturing biomaterials and their clinical translation.

The subject’s potential challenges and future development direction are discussed, and the design and initiative principle of tailored biomaterials with various features, including bioactive components and physicochemical property, are elucidated in depth. Numerous biomaterials, including natural and synthetic, are summarized and compared. Their advantages and features are also evaluated, particularly in bone microenvironmental regulation and bone generation. Moreover, the stimulation mechanism of the microenvironment to bone generation is discussed in detail, including mechanical-support effect, redox effect, pro-angiogenesis effect, inflammatory immune effect, and anti-aging effect.

Biomaterials Effect on the Bone Microenvironment provides further coverage of sample topics such as:

  • Role of bone microenvironment and its associated biomaterials in modulation bone diseases, reviewing the biomaterials used to regulate bone microenvironment
  • Relationship between biological factors of various materials and physiological functions in bone microenvironment
  • Application of the third generation of biomaterials, which would regenerate the bone to regulate bone microenvironment
  • Emerging biological material manufacturing technology and mechanisms of novel biomaterial modulating microenvironment for bone regeneration
  • Future outlook of bone tissue engineering along with the general process of bone remodeling and regeneration

With comprehensive coverage of one of the most promising and valuable candidates for clinical bone regeneration, Biomaterials Effect on the Bone Microenvironment is an ideal resource for materials scientists, biotechnologists, biochemists, bioengineers, orthopedists, and clinical chemists who want to stay on the cutting edge of this rapidly evolving field.

Author(s): Jiacan Su, Xiao Chen, Yingying Jing
Publisher: Wiley-VCH
Year: 2023

Language: English
Pages: 200
City: Weinheim

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
Chapter 1 Bone Microenvironment
1.1 Introduction
1.1.1 Cell Types
1.1.1.1 Genuine Bone Cells
1.1.1.2 Chondral-Lineage Cells
1.1.1.3 Adipocytes
1.1.1.4 Cells of the Hematopoietic Systems
1.1.1.5 Cells of the Immune Systems
1.1.2 Extracellular Matrix
1.1.2.1 Inorganic ECM
1.1.2.2 Organic ECM
1.2 Bone
Microenvironment and Diseases
1.2.1 Bone Microenvironment in Osteoporosis
1.2.1.1 Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) and Osteoporosis
1.2.1.2 Osteoblasts and Osteoporosis
1.2.1.3 Osteoclasts and Osteoporosis
1.2.1.4 Bone Marrow Adipocytes (BMAs) and Osteoporosis
1.2.2 Bone Microenvironment in Osteoarthritis
1.2.2.1 Subchondral Bone and Osteoarthritis
1.2.2.2 Cartilage and Osteoarthritis
1.2.3 Bone Microenvironment in Fracture
1.2.3.1 Cells in Bone Microenvironment
1.2.3.2 Molecular Components in Bone Microenvironment
1.2.4 Bone Microenvironment in Osteosarcoma (OS)
1.2.4.1 Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) and OS Metastasis
1.2.4.2 Effect of Hypoxia Environment on OS Metastasis
1.2.4.3 Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) in the Tumor Microenvironment
1.3 Biomaterials and Bone Microenvironment
1.3.1 Biomaterials and Bone Cells
1.3.2 Biomaterials and Bone Hematopoietic System
1.3.3 Biomaterials and Bone Immune System
References
Chapter 2 Materiobiological Effects Regulate the Bone Microenvironment
2.1 Bioactive Components Influence the Bone Microenvironment
2.1.1 Active Radicals
2.1.2 Growth Factors
2.1.3 Inorganic Ions
2.2 Physicochemical Property Influence the Bone Microenvironment
2.2.1 Surface Charge
2.2.2 Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Property
2.2.3 Biodegradability
2.2.4 Mechanical Property
2.2.5 Micro-Nano Structure
References
Chapter 3 Design and Application of Biomaterials to Regulate Microenvironment for Bone Regeneration
3.1 Natural Biomaterials for Bone Microenvironment Regulation
3.1.1 Proteins
3.1.1.1 Collagen
3.1.1.2 Gelatin
3.1.1.3 Silk Fibroin
3.1.1.4 Enzymes
3.1.2 Polysaccharide
3.1.2.1 Alginate
3.1.2.2 Chitin
3.1.2.3 Hyaluronic Acid (HA)
3.1.3 Inorganic Materials
3.1.4 Others
3.1.4.1 Cells
3.1.4.2 Cell Membranes
3.1.4.3 Extracellular Vesicles (EVs)
3.1.4.4 Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP)
3.2 Synthetic
Biomaterials for Bone Microenvironment Regulation
3.2.1 Metal-Based Materials
3.2.1.1 Immune Response Influenced by Ti-Based Implants
3.2.1.2 Aseptic Loosening of Ti-Based Implants
3.2.2 Bioactive Ceramics
3.2.2.1 Bioactive Ion Regulation
3.2.2.2 Surface Topography Regulation
3.2.3 Organic Polymers
3.2.3.1 Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE)
3.2.3.2 Polylactic Acid (PLA) and its Copolymers
3.2.3.3 Delivering Bioactive Factors through Polymers
3.2.4 Composite Materials
References
Chapter 4 Fabrication Technologies of Biomaterials
4.1 Fabrication Technologies of Biomaterials
4.1.1 Electrospinning Method
4.1.2 Three-Dimensional (3D) Printing Technology
4.1.3 Porogen-Based Method
4.2 Fabrication Technologies of Hydrogels
4.2.1 Physical Crosslinking
4.2.1.1 Ionic Interactions
4.2.1.2 Hydrophobic Interactions
4.2.1.3 Other Interactions
4.2.2 Chemical Crosslinked Hydrogels
4.2.2.1 Small Molecule Agents
4.2.2.2 Photo-Crosslinked Hydrogels
4.2.2.3 Enzyme-Induced Hydrogels
4.3 Fabrication
Technologies of Other Biomaterials
References
Chapter 5 Mechanisms for Biomaterials Reconstruct Microenvironment in Bone Regeneration
5.1 Mechanical Support Effect
5.1.1 Mechanical Properties of Matrix and Hydrogel
5.1.2 Mechanical Properties of the Substrate
5.2 Redox Effect
5.2.1 Polyphenols
5.2.2 Smart Biomaterials
5.2.3 Molecular Medicine
5.3 Pro-angiogenesis Effect
5.3.1 Angiogenic Growth Factors in Pre-clinical/Clinical Trials
5.3.1.1 Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)
5.3.1.2 Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 (FGF-2)
5.3.1.3 Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF)
5.3.1.4 Placental Growth Factor (PlGF)
5.3.1.5 Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF)
5.3.1.6 Sonic Hedgehog (SHH)
5.3.1.7 Angiopoietins (Ang)
5.3.2 Delivery of Growth Factors
5.3.2.1 Physical Entrapment
5.3.2.2 Covalent Binding
5.3.2.3 Affinity Binding
5.3.2.4 Microparticles and Nanoparticles
5.4 Inflammatory Immune Effect
5.4.1 Physical Properties
5.4.2 Chemical Properties
5.5 Anti-Aging Effect
5.5.1 Mechanical Loading
5.5.2 Targeting Osteocyte Senescence with Exercise
References
Chapter 6 Biomaterials Regulating Bone Microenvironment in Clinical Application
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Autogenous Bone Remodeling
6.3 Allogeneic Bone Regeneration
6.4 Clinical Effect of Biomaterials
6.4.1 Bone tissue engineering
6.5 Clinical Challenges and Opportunities
References
Chapter 7 Conclusions and Perspectives
7.1 Bone Microenvironment Under Physiological and Pathological Conditions
7.1.1 Microenvironment in Osteoporosis
7.1.2 Microenvironment in Osteoarthritis
7.1.3 Microenvironment in Fracture Site
7.1.4 Microenvironment in Osteosarcoma
7.2 Biological
Effects Under Modulation of Materials
7.2.1 Physiochemical Properties
7.2.2 Bioactive Components
7.2.3 Micro-Nano Structure
7.3 Design and Application of Biomaterials in Bone Regeneration
7.3.1 Natural Components for Bone Metabolism
7.3.2 Synthetic Biomaterials
7.4 Fabrication Technologies
7.4.1 For Scaffolds
7.4.2 For Hydrogels
7.5 Microenvironment Under Biomaterial Regulation
7.5.1 Mechanical Support
7.5.2 Redox Effect
7.5.3 Promoting Vascularization
7.5.4 Inflammatory and Senescence Modulation
7.6 Biomaterials in Clinical Experience
7.6.1 Autogenous and Allogeneic Grafts
7.6.2 Biomaterials
7.6.3 Challenges and Opportunities
Index
EULA