This book deals with the combustion and exhaust emissions of gas engines fueled with green biogas. Biogas is a mixture of gases, primarily consisting of methane and carbon dioxide. Biogas can be produced from raw materials such as agricultural waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material, sewage, food waste, etc. Biogas is considered to be a renewable source of energy. Therefore, it can contribute to the prevention of global warming.
The biogas engine is used to co-generate electricity by operating engine and heat from hot exhaust gases. The energy source used very efficiently. Unlike other green energy sources such as wind and solar, biogas is readily available when needed.
This book first describes the basics of biogas and its application to internal combustion engines. Next, it describes the engine system and the combustion phenomena in the engine cylinder. Engine technology continues to advance in spark ignition and dual-fuel engines to achieve higher thermal efficiency and lower harmful emissions. Several advanced combustion technologies are introduced to achieve higher thermal efficiency while avoiding knocking.
Author(s): Eiji Tomita
Series: SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 110
City: Cham
Preface
Contents
1 Significance of Biogas, Its Production and Utilization in Gas Engines
1.1 Significance of Preventing Global Warming
1.2 Biomass and Biofuels
1.3 Sources of Biogas
1.4 Anaerobic Digestion (AD)
1.5 Purification and Upgrading of Biogas
1.6 Biogas Utilization in Gas Engines
References
2 Combustion and Exhaust Emissions of Biogas Spark Ignition Engines
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Fundamentals of Combustion in Spark Ignition Engines
2.2.1 Spark Discharge
2.2.2 Burning Velocity and Flame Structure
2.3 Effects of Various Parameters on Engine Performance and Exhaust Emissions
2.3.1 CO2 Ratio and Equivalence Ratio
2.3.2 Compression Ratio
2.3.3 Hydrogen Addition
2.3.4 EGR
2.3.5 Fuel Property
2.3.6 Other Physical Parameters
2.4 Knocking and Methane Number
2.4.1 Visualization of Autoignition in the End-Gas Region and Knock Occurrence
2.4.2 Estimation of Autoignition Timing
2.4.3 Methane Number
2.5 Pre-chamber Type for Lean Burn Engine
2.6 Simulation of Biogas Combustion in SI Engines
References
3 Combustion and Exhaust Emissions of Biogas Dual-Fuel Engines
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Visualization of Dual-Fuel Combustion
3.3 Effects of Various Parameters on Engine Performance and Exhaust Emissions
3.3.1 Biogas Flow Rate and Load
3.3.2 CO2 Ratio in Biogas
3.3.3 EGR
3.3.4 Liquid Fuel Injected
3.3.5 Compression Ratio
3.3.6 Hydrogen Addition
3.3.7 Other Parameters
3.4 Higher Output Power and Thermal Efficiency with Micro Pilot Dual-Fuel Engine
3.4.1 PREMIER Combustion
3.4.2 Experimental Setup and Data Evaluation
3.4.3 Results and Discussion
References
4 Advanced Combustion Technologies for Higher Thermal Efficiency
4.1 Introduction
4.2 HCCI—Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition
4.2.1 Concept of HCCI Combustion
4.2.2 Low Temperature Combustion in Diesel Engines
4.2.3 HCCI Combustion in Biogas Engines
4.3 RCCI—Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition
4.4 SACI—Spark Assisted Compression Ignition
4.5 PREMIER—Premixed Mixture Ignition in the End-Gas Region
4.6 Advanced Ignition Systems
4.6.1 Laser Ignition
4.6.2 Non-thermal Plasma-Assisted Ignition System
4.7 Others
4.8 Summary
References
