Biofuels and Biorefining: Volume Two: Intensified Processes and Biorefineries considers intensification and optimization processes for biofuels and biomass-derived products in single and biorefinery schemes. Chapters cover production processes for liquid biofuels, introducing all feasible intensification alternatives for each process, process intensification methods for the production of value-added products, the importance of detailed CFD-based studies, controllability studies, strategies for risk analysis in intensified processes, the concept of biorefinery for the co-production of biofuels/biomass derived value-added products, and the importance of process intensification in the biorefinery scheme.
Final chapters discuss how to ensure the sustainability of the intensified process and minimize the societal impact of biorefineries through various strategies, including supply chain optimization and lifecycle analysis. Each chapter is supported by industry case studies that address key aspects and impacts of intensification and optimization processes.
Author(s): Claudia Gutierrez-Antonio, Fernando Israel Gomez Castro
Publisher: Elsevier
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 438
City: Amsterdam
Biofuels and Biorefining
Copyright
Contributors
Process intensification in biofuels production
Introduction
Basic concepts on process intensification
Reaction equipment
Separation equipment
Conditioning equipment
Design methodologies for intensified equipment
Conventional processes for the production of biofuels
Liquid biofuels
Gaseous biofuels
Solid biofuels
Intensified processes for the production of biofuels
Liquid biofuels
Gaseous biofuels
Solid biofuels
Conclusions
References
Sustainable bioalcohol production: Pretreatment, separation, and control strategies leading to sustainable pro ...
Introduction
Lignocellulosic biomass
Pretreatment technologies for lignocellulosic biomass
Physical pretreatment
Mechanical
Liquid hot water (LHW)
Steam explosion (autohydrolysis)
Ultrasound
Microwave
Chemical pretreatment
Acid
Alkaline
Organosolv
Biological pretreatment
Fungi
Microorganism consortia
Combined pretreatment
Distillation-based bioalcohols separation processes
Distillation processes for bioethanol separation
Distillation processes for biobutanol separation
Membrane-based processes for separation of bioalcohols
Pervaporation
Membrane distillation
Forward osmosis
Pressure-driven membrane processes
Process control
State estimation for the fermentation process
Control strategies for the fermenter
Control of the separation processes
Bioethanol separation by membrane-assisted reactive distillation: A case study
Greenhouse gas emissions
Mass intensity
Effective mass yield
Inherent safety
Controllability analysis
Results
Conclusions
References
A review of intensification technologies for biodiesel production
Introduction
Intensification technologies for biodiesel production
Microwave
Ultrasonic cavitation
Hydrodynamic cavitation
Reactive distillation
Compare the costs of the different technologies
Conclusion
References
Intensified technologies for the production of renewable aviation fuel
Introduction
Processes intensification strategies in the production of biojet fuel
Methodologies to design intensified reactors for the production of biojet fuel
Methodologies to design-intensified distillation columns for the production of biojet fuel
Intensified processes to produce biojet fuel
Implementation to industrial scale
Case of study
Problem statement
Modeling of the reactive stage
Modeling of separation zone: Process intensification
Simulation of the process
Economic assessment
Environmental assessment
Conclusions
References
Opportunities in the intensification of the production of biofuels for the generation of electrical and thermal energy
Introduction
Conventional production processes
Biogas
Renewable hydrogen
Fuel pellets
Proposals for the intensification of the production processes
Biogas
Renewable hydrogen
Fuel pellets
Intensification of the production of fuel pellets
Case of study
Modeling and simulation of conventional and intensified pellet production processes
Conventional pellet production process
Intensified pellet production process
Results and discussion
Future trends
Concluding remarks
References
Intensified and hybrid distillation technologies for production of high value-added products from lignocellulosic
Introduction
Lignocellulosic biomass and high value-added products
Characteristics of biorefineries
Distillation process challenges in biorefineries
Intensified and hybrid distillation technologies for biorefineries
DWC
RD
Heat pump-assisted distillation
Hybrid extraction-distillation
Hybrid membrane-distillation
Application of intensified and hybrid distillation technologies for high value-added processes from biomass
Cellulosic ethanol (CE)
Biodiesel
DWC
Reactive DWC
Furfural
RD
DWC
Hybrid ED
Biobutanol and Biobutanediol
Intensified ABE separation schemes
Process intensification schemes for 2,3-butanediol
LA
Hybrid ED
DWC
Industrial biorefineries
Conclusions
References
Intensification of biodiesel production through computational fluid dynamics
Introduction
Brief introduction to CFD concepts
What is CFD?
Using CFD to solve a problem
Fluid flow mathematical modeling
Governing equations
Boundary conditions
Discretization of a mathematical model
Finite-difference methods
Finite-element methods
Finite-volume methods
Mesh generation
The advantages of applying CFD in processes analysis
Literature review
CFD studies in macroscale reactors
CFD studies in microscale reactors
Case study
Mathematical model
Batch reactor modeling: Chemical kinetics of vegetable oil transesterification with parallel saponification reactions
Numerical details for the batch reactor
Continuous micro and millireactors modeling: Chemical kinetic considering a global oil transesterification mechanism
Numerical details for the micro and millidevices
Results and discussion
Conclusions and future perspectives
References
Control properties of intensified distillation processes: Biobutanol purification
Introduction
Separation process for biobutanol
Closed-loop analysis
Results of the control analysis
Result analysis
Set-point (PA1)
Feeding disturbance (PA2)
Results discussion
Conclusions
References
Assessment of modular biorefineries with economic, environmental, and safety considerations
Introduction to modular biorefineries
Approach
Case study
Conclusions
References
Production of biofuels and biobased chemicals in biorefineries and potential use of intensified technologies
Introduction
Evolution and implementation of industrial biorefineries
Naval stores and lignocellulosic biorefineries
Industrial natural flavors and fragrances
Sugar and starchy biorefinery
Oleochemical biorefinery
Starting the 1900s
Current status
Biorefineries and biobased chemicals market
Key biobased fuels and chemicals for current industrial biorefineries
Potential for process intensification at the biorefineries
Implemented intensification technologies for bioderived chemicals
Process intensification in action-Succinic acid production
Some challenges and future directions
Concluding remarks
References
Modeling and optimization of supply chains: Applications to conventional and intensified biorefineries
Introduction
Objective functions for supply chain optimization
Elements of the supply chain for a biorefinery
Process intensification and supply chain
Modeling and optimization of the supply chain
Modeling discrete decisions
The generalized disjunctive programming
Relaxation of a generalized disjunctive programming
The Big-M approach
The convex hull approach
Case study: Optimization of the supply chain for the production of bioethanol and high value-added products in Mexico
Conclusion
References
Life cycle approach for the sustainability assessment of intensified biorefineries
Introduction
LCA methodology
LCA tools
State of the art of LCA in the biorefineries sector
Social LCA methodology
LCA at the early stage of development-Case study
Conclusions
References
Social impact assessment in designing supply chains for biorefineries
Introduction
Current perspective of biorefinery systems: Conventional fuel replacement by bioenergy sources
Biorefineries evaluation using optimization tools
Supply chain optimization
Problem statement
Mathematical model
Mathematical modeling solution
Case study
Conclusions
References
Index
