There is now widespread recognition that psychosocial factors play a key role in the aetiology, perpetuation, management and prevention of cumulative trauma disorders CTDs. This text addresses the strength, direction and importance of links between psychosocial factors and CTDs.; The book's contributors examine critically current research data, identify potential link mechanisms, and recommend measures for control and prevention. Topics covered include socio-organizational psychology, medical anthropology, occupational medicine, rehabilitation, orthopaedics, job stress and ergonomic interventions. The book aims to demystify the concept of the "psychosocial", so as to promote and assure effective prevention in the workplace.
Author(s): Steve Sauter, S D Moon
Edition: 1
Publisher: CRC Press
Year: 1996
Language: English
Pages: 289
Book Cover......Page 1
Half-Title......Page 2
About the editors......Page 3
Title......Page 4
Copyright......Page 5
Dedication......Page 6
Contents......Page 7
Contributors......Page 9
Foreword......Page 11
Preface......Page 13
PART ONE Evidence, Models, and Mechanisms......Page 15
INTRODUCTION......Page 16
PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS......Page 17
PSYCHOSOCIAL PATHWAYS TO MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS......Page 20
EVIDENCE FOR THE MODEL......Page 22
Pathways from Work Organization to Musculoskeletal Outcomes......Page 23
Psychological Mediation of the Path from Biomechanical Strain to Musculoskeletal Outcomes......Page 26
Feedback Effects......Page 27
NOTES......Page 28
REFERENCES......Page 29
INTRODUCTION......Page 33
THEORIES OF STRESS......Page 34
A MODEL OF JOB STRESS AND DISEASE......Page 35
WORK ORGANIZATION AND STRESS......Page 36
MECHANISMS OF WORK ORGANIZATION, STRESS, AND CTDs......Page 37
PSYCHOBIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF STRESS AND CTDs......Page 39
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL REACTIONS TO STRESS......Page 42
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR EXAMINING JOB STRESS AND CTDs......Page 44
CONCLUSION......Page 45
REFERENCES......Page 46
INTRODUCTION......Page 51
The Assumptions of Social Psychology......Page 52
The Tools of Somatic Inference......Page 53
Attribution theory......Page 54
Mental representations of illness and symptoms......Page 55
Process features......Page 56
Model components......Page 57
Some derivations of the model......Page 59
The Interactive Level of Analysis......Page 60
Implications for research theory and method......Page 61
Implications for intervention and prevention......Page 64
NOTE......Page 65
REFERENCES......Page 66
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES......Page 70
MECHANISMS......Page 71
PHYSICAL LOAD AND PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS......Page 74
CONCLUSIONS......Page 75
REFERENCES......Page 76
MUSCLE ACTIVITY AS A PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MUSCLE PAIN SYNDROMES......Page 78
MUSCLE ACTIVITY RELATED TO MENTAL DEMANDS AND PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS......Page 81
THE NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF NONVOLUNTARY MUSCLE ACTIVITY......Page 83
THE MODIFICATION OF SENSORY-MOTOR REFLEXES ASSOCIATED WITH MUSCLE PAIN SYNDROMES......Page 84
PERIPHERAL MECHANISMS IN MUSCLE PAIN SYNDROMES OF PSYCHOSOCIAL ORIGIN......Page 85
IS OVEREXERTION OF LOW-THRESHOLD MOTOR UNITS A CAUSAL FACTOR IN SOME MUSCLE PAIN SYNDROMES?......Page 86
GENERAL DISCUSSION......Page 87
REFERENCES......Page 88
SOFT TISSUE CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH CTD......Page 92
Modulation of These Effects by the Nervous and Immune System......Page 93
IMPLICATIONS......Page 94
REFERENCES......Page 96
TELECOMMUNICATIONS STUDY I......Page 98
TELECOMMUNICATIONS STUDY II......Page 99
Phase I......Page 100
Phase 2......Page 101
CONCLUSIONS......Page 102
REFERENCES......Page 103
PART TWO Issues for Management, Prevention, and Further Research......Page 104
CHAPTER EIGHT A psychosocial view of cumulative trauma disorders......Page 105
WHAT IS A PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTOR?......Page 106
WHAT IS CTD?......Page 107
A Potentially Multifactorial Problem......Page 108
A Disability Process......Page 109
A Legally Defined Portion of all Relations between Work and Activity-related Pain Syndromes......Page 110
A Marker of Ergonomic Deficiency or Disharmony......Page 112
HOW IS A CTD MEASURED?......Page 113
THE ERGONOMIC INTERFACE......Page 114
ETHICAL CONCERNS......Page 115
DYNAMICS OF DISABILITY: CYBERNETIC AND COMPLEX......Page 116
IS MEDICALIZATION RISKY?......Page 120
ROLE OF THE ‘PHYSICIAN’: EVALUATOR OF HEALTH STATUS, PROVIDER OF HEALTH CARE14......Page 121
TRANSITIONAL IMPLICATIONS FOR OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH......Page 124
CONCLUSION......Page 125
NOTES......Page 127
REFERENCES......Page 128
THE EPIDEMIC......Page 136
A MEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY MODEL......Page 140
APPENDIX 1 AUSTRALIAN AND OVERSEAS TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION (AOTC) OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY POLICY: WORK ENVIRONMENT AND DISTRESS POLICY AND GUIDELINES......Page 143
APPENDIX 2 CHAOS MODEL OF REPETITIVE WORK2......Page 144
REFERENCES......Page 147
A COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL MODEL OF CTD PAIN......Page 149
Behavioral observation......Page 152
Behavioral interviews......Page 153
Assessing Cognitive Variables......Page 154
The coping strategies questionnaire (CSQ)......Page 155
Educational-Behavioral Interventions for CTD Pain......Page 156
Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions Alone......Page 157
Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention Combined with Multidisciplinary Treatment......Page 159
Applying Coping Skills in Work Situations......Page 160
Maintenance Issues......Page 161
REFERENCES......Page 162
WORKSTYLE: OPERATIONAL DEFINITION......Page 165
EMPIRICAL RESEARCH......Page 167
Epidemiological Surveys......Page 168
Observational Research: Workplace, Laboratory, and Clinic......Page 173
PSYCHOBIOLOGICAL MECHANISM LINKING WORKSTYLE TO UPPER-EXTREMITY SYMPTOMS, DISORDERS, AND DISABILITY......Page 178
PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT......Page 181
FUTURE RESEARCH......Page 186
SUMMARY......Page 189
REFERENCES......Page 190
NONSPECIFIC LOWER BACK PAIN......Page 193
A CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS OF PAIN......Page 195
SUFFERING AND THE MEANING OF SYMPTOMS......Page 196
REPETITION STRAIN INJURY......Page 197
DISABILITY MANAGEMENT IN THE WORKPLACE......Page 198
CONCLUSION......Page 200
REFERENCES......Page 201
Skepticism by Health Professionals......Page 203
Peer Skepticism......Page 204
IMPLICATIONS FOR THE STUDY OF OFFICE CTDs......Page 206
Personological ‘Drift’......Page 207
A DEMONSTRATION STUDY OF PUBLIC REACTIONS TO CTDs......Page 208
CASE DEFINITIONS AND THE CREDIBILITY OF CTDs......Page 210
NOTES......Page 211
REFERENCES......Page 212
A HUMAN CAPITAL MODEL FOR HEALTH AND PRODUCTIVITY......Page 214
The employee benefits cost problem......Page 215
Human Capital Integrated Information Strategy......Page 216
Maldistribution of worker health costs: The Pareto phenomenon......Page 217
Workers’ compensation and group insurance demand migration......Page 218
Health and Disability Costs and CTDs......Page 219
Moral Hazard in the Disability System......Page 221
Moral Hazard Associated with Benefit Levels......Page 222
Moral Hazard in Health Care......Page 223
Empirical results......Page 226
Concluding Remarks......Page 229
REFERENCES......Page 230
Business......Page 233
Organizational Response......Page 234
CHARACTERISTICS OF A SUCCESSFUL ORGANIZATIONAL RESPONSE1.Effective worker involvement is an essential element of the successful corporate response. Early in the process, workers must receive a clear message from management that they are stakeholders in the ultimate outcome. Involvement of several levels of management, on a consistent basis, is necessary to reinforce the message that solutions are being genuinely sought, and that they will, in fact, be implemented. Training workers in basic group......Page 235
A successful organizational response......Page 239
In summary......Page 240
REFERENCES......Page 241
INTRODUCTION......Page 243
DESIGN AND DATA COLLECTION ISSUES IN CTD ETIOLOGIC RESEARCH......Page 244
PRELIMINARY RESULTS REGARDING POSSIBLE PSYCHOSOCIAL INFLUENCES ON CTDs AMONG OFFICE WORKERS......Page 251
REFERENCES......Page 261
PART THREE Commentaries......Page 264
CHAPTER SEVENTEEN Work disability in an economic context......Page 265
JOB MATCH AND INJURY RATES......Page 266
ECONOMIC INCENTIVES IN WORKERS’ COMPENSATION......Page 267
MORAL HAZARD AND THE PERCEPTION OF DISABILITY......Page 269
REFERENCES......Page 270
PROPOSED EXPLANATIONS FOR WORK-RELATED DISORDERS......Page 272
REFERENCES......Page 273
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS AND CTDs......Page 275
PREVENTION OF CTDs......Page 276
DEVELOPING AND IMPLEMENTING AN INTERVENTION STRATEGY......Page 277
CRITICAL INCIDENT DEBRIEFING WHEN CTDs OCCUR......Page 278
CONCLUSIONS......Page 279
REFERENCES......Page 280
Index......Page 281
