This book focuses on understanding the shoreline dynamics, nearshore processes and sediment transport around Rameswaram Island and the cities of Dhanushkodi and Arichamunai. Rameswaram Island is located between the Gulf of Mannar on the south and Palk Bay on the north, between the southern tip of India and Sri Lanka, and is unique in terms of physical, chemical and biological processes. The Gulf of Mannar is established as a marine biodiversity conservation area by its richness of variety and variability of marine species such as corals, finfish, shellfish and other fishes. The island is predominantly influenced by four seasons: northeast monsoon, post-monsoon, summer and southwest monsoon; and the sedimentological and hydrodynamic conditions significantly change seasonally, resulting in the island’s responding in a different manner with each season. It also explains the physical forces and their impacts around these areas. Rameswaram Island has existed naturally for a long period of time even under the influence of different water masses of the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay. Understanding the regional natural phenomena is the only solution to carry out the best management practices to develop coastal constructions and modifications.
Author(s): Usha Natesan, R. Vishnunath
Series: Springer Oceanography
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2021
Language: English
Pages: 113
City: Singapore
Acknowledgements
About This Book
Contents
Symbols and Abbreviations
1 Introduction
1.1 General
1.2 Beach and Nearshore Environment
1.3 Shoreline Monitoring
1.4 Littoral Processes
1.5 Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System
1.6 Objectives
1.7 Need for the Study
1.8 Study Area
1.8.1 Physiography
1.8.2 Climate
1.8.3 Geology and Geomorphology
1.8.4 Nearshore Water Quality
1.8.5 Socio-Economic Status
References
2 Literature Review
2.1 General
2.2 Shoreline Dynamics
2.2.1 Remote Sensing Application in Assessing Shoreline Variations
2.2.2 Global Positioning System and Shoreline Analysis
2.3 Beach Morphodynamics
2.4 Nearshore Hydrodynamics
2.5 Sediment Transport and Shoreline Changes
2.5.1 Sedimentological Analysis
2.5.2 Sediment Trend Analysis and Pathway
2.5.3 Sediment Transport and Shoreline Prediction
References
3 Research Methodology
3.1 General
3.2 Steps Adopted
3.3 Field Sampling
3.4 Sediment Collection
3.4.1 Seabed Sediment Around Rameswaram Island
3.4.2 Beach Sediment Collection Along Dhanushkodi
3.4.3 Beach Sediment Collection Around Arichamunai Tip
3.4.4 Grain Size Analysis
3.5 Low-Cost Method for Tidal Measurement
3.6 Numerical Modelling
3.6.1 Nearshore Hydrodynamics
3.6.2 Spectral Wave Simulation
3.6.3 Littoral Processes
3.6.4 Model Inputs
References
4 Shoreline Variations and Hydrodynamic Conditions Around Rameswaram Island
4.1 General
4.2 Wave Modelling
4.2.1 Regional-Scale Model
4.2.2 Wave Climate of Rameswaram Island
4.3 Nearshore Currents Around Rameswaram Island
4.3.1 Water Level Variation Validation
4.3.2 Nearshore Currents
4.4 Littoral Drift Along Rameswaram Island
4.4.1 Along the South of Rameswaram Island
4.4.2 Along North of Rameswaram Island
4.5 Shoreline Simulation Around Rameswaram Island
References
5 Beach Morphology and Hydrodynamic Conditions Along Dhanushkodi
5.1 General
5.2 Beach Monitoring Around Dhanushkodi
5.2.1 Shoreline Tracking
5.3 Beach Measurement
5.3.1 Littoral Zone Observation
5.3.2 Beach Profile Measurement
5.3.3 Beach Morphology Analysis
5.4 Wave Climate Around Dhanushkodi
5.5 Littoral Drift Around Dhanushkodi
5.6 Empirical Estimation of Sediment Transport Along Dhanushkodi
5.7 Shoreline Prediction Along Dhanushkodi
References
6 Oscillation of Tip and Hydrodynamic Conditions Around Arichamunai
6.1 General
6.2 Monitroing of Arichamunai Tip
6.2.1 Shoreline Tracking
6.2.2 Sediment Collection
6.3 Oscillation of Arichamunai Tip
6.4 Sediment Trend Pathway
6.5 Nearshore Hydrodynamics of Arichamunai
6.5.1 Waves Around Arichamunai Tip
6.5.2 Nearshore Current Around Arichamunai Tip
6.6 A Scenario on Sethusamudram Shipping Canal Project
6.6.1 Hydrodynamic Condition Around Adam’s Bridge with Offshore Breaker
6.6.2 Beach Nourishment Along Dhanushkodi
References
7 Summary and Conclusions
7.1 Summary
7.2 Observations
7.3 Conclusions
