This is a remarkable introduction to the complex world of otorhinolaryngology, in full color!This beautifully conceived book makes learning ENT almost simple, with its excellent drawings and photographs of the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of this region. Throughout the book connections are made to internal medicine, pediatrics, and surgery. A highly structured text, using boxed information and tables, provides a quick overview of the subject.This is a highly effective introduction to ENT for senior medical students and interns.
Author(s): Rudolf, M.D. Probst, Gerhard, M.D. Grevers, Heinrich, M.D. Iro
Edition: 1
Year: 2005
Language: English
Pages: 439
Cover......Page 1
Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 7
I - Nose, Paranasal Sinuses and Face......Page 9
1. Anatomy, Physiology, and Immunology of the Nose, Paranasal Sinuses, and Face......Page 10
External Nose......Page 11
Nasal Cavities......Page 12
Paranasal Sinuses......Page 13
Nerve Supply......Page 15
Olfactory Mucosa......Page 17
Conditioning of the Inspired Air......Page 19
Olfaction......Page 21
2. Diagnostic Evaluation of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses......Page 24
Clinical Examination......Page 25
Allergy Testing......Page 28
Olfactometry......Page 30
Computed Tomography (CT)......Page 31
Magnetic Resonance Imaging......Page 32
Ultrasound......Page 34
3. Diseases of the Nose, Paranasal Sinuses, and Face......Page 36
Frontobasal Dysraphias......Page 37
Septal Deviation......Page 39
Deformities of the External Nose......Page 40
3.3 Nosebleed (Epistaxis)......Page 41
Treatment......Page 45
Nasal Pyramid Fracture......Page 49
Lateral Midfacial Fractures......Page 50
3.6 Fractures of the Central Midface and Anterior Skull Base......Page 53
3.7 Inflammations of the External Nose, Nasal Cavity, and Facial Soft Tissues......Page 57
Inflammations of the Nasal Cavity......Page 58
Acute Sinusitis......Page 63
Chronic Sinusitis......Page 65
Nasal Polyposis......Page 66
Rhinosinogenic Complications......Page 67
Malignant Tumors......Page 71
Malignant Tumors......Page 73
II - Oral Cavity and Pharynx......Page 77
4. Lips and Oral Cavity......Page 78
Anatomy......Page 79
Physiology......Page 83
Imaging Procedures......Page 85
4.3 Malformations of the Lips and Oral Cavity......Page 87
Viral Infections......Page 89
Bacterial and Fungal Infections......Page 93
Superficial Tongue Lesions......Page 95
Immunologic Diseases......Page 96
Malignant Tumors......Page 99
5. Pharynx and Esophagus......Page 106
Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, and Hypopharynx......Page 107
Esophagus......Page 109
Physiology of Swallowing......Page 110
Phonation and Articulation......Page 112
Mirror Examination and Endoscopy......Page 113
Imaging Procedures......Page 114
Benign Tumors......Page 117
Malignant Tumors......Page 118
Injuries and Foreign Bodies......Page 121
Acute Inflammations......Page 122
Chronic Inflammations......Page 128
Tumors......Page 131
Injuries and Foreign Bodies......Page 133
Diverticula......Page 135
Tumors of the Hypopharynx......Page 137
6. The Salivary Glands......Page 140
Submandibular Gland......Page 141
Sublingual Gland......Page 142
Composition of the Saliva......Page 143
Physiologic Functions of Saliva......Page 144
Clinical Examination......Page 145
Imaging Studies......Page 146
6.4 Overview: Diagnosis and Management of Salivary Gland Swelling......Page 149
Sialadenosis......Page 151
Injuries......Page 152
Acute Sialadenitis......Page 153
Chronic Sialadenitis......Page 154
Benign Tumors......Page 157
Malignant Tumors......Page 158
III - Ear......Page 161
7. Anatomy and Physiology of the Ear......Page 162
Peripheral Auditory System......Page 163
Central Auditory System......Page 167
Structure of the Cochlea......Page 169
Function of the Cochlea......Page 170
8. Audiology (Auditory Testing)......Page 174
Inspection and Otoscopy......Page 175
Clinical Hearing Tests......Page 176
Basic Concepts in Acoustics......Page 180
Audiologic Examination......Page 184
Speech Audiometry......Page 187
Immittance Measurements......Page 193
Auditory Evoked Potentials (AEPs)......Page 195
Otoacoustic Emissions (OAEs)......Page 197
Hearing Aid Fitting in Adults......Page 201
Cochlear Implant in Adults......Page 203
9. Hearing Disorders in Children - Pediatric Audiology......Page 206
Hearing Impairment in Newborns......Page 207
Hearing Impairment in Infants and Small Children......Page 209
Effects of Hearing Loss in Children......Page 210
Diagnostic Methods in Pediatric Audiology......Page 211
Auditory Devices......Page 213
Education Services......Page 214
10. The External Ear......Page 216
Anatomy......Page 217
Cerumen and Cerumen Impaction......Page 219
Injuries and Physical Damage......Page 221
10.3 Overview: Differential Diagnosis of Inflammatory Changes in the External Ear......Page 225
Auricle......Page 227
External Auditory Canal......Page 229
Tumors of the Ear Canal......Page 233
11. The Middle Ear......Page 236
Special Anatomy and Physiology of the Middle Ear......Page 237
Examination......Page 240
Pathophysiology of Otitis Media......Page 243
Otoscopic Features of Otitis Media......Page 244
Acute Otitis Media......Page 247
Recurrent Acute Otitis Media......Page 248
Otitis Media with Effusion......Page 249
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media......Page 250
Chronic Otitis Media with Cholesteatoma......Page 252
Otogenic Complications of Otitis......Page 256
Injuries......Page 259
Bone Diseases......Page 260
Other Diseases of the Middle Ear......Page 262
12. Inner Ear and Retrocochlear Disorders......Page 264
Symptoms of an Inner Ear Disorder......Page 265
Diagnostic Evaluation......Page 266
Retrocochlear Disorders......Page 268
Noise-Induced Hearing Loss......Page 269
Labyrinthitis......Page 271
Ototoxicity......Page 272
Other Acquired Inner Ear Disorders......Page 274
Presbyacusis......Page 275
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss......Page 276
Chronic Progressive, Idiopathic Sensorineural Hearing Loss......Page 278
13. Vestibular Disorders......Page 280
Vestibular End Organ......Page 281
Central Vestibular Structures......Page 282
Vestibular Functions......Page 283
Clinical Examination......Page 284
Nystagmus: Definition, Classification, and Testing......Page 286
13.3 Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of Vertigo and Dysequilibrium......Page 289
Differential Diagnosis of Vertigo......Page 290
Peripheral Vestibular Disorders......Page 291
Neural and Central Vestibular Disorders......Page 295
14. Facial Nerve......Page 298
Evaluation......Page 299
Diagnosis and Management of Facial Paralysis......Page 302
14.2 Clinical Aspects of the Facial Nerve......Page 303
Traumatic Facial Paralysis......Page 304
15. Lateral Skull Base......Page 306
Anatomy of the Lateral Skull Base......Page 307
Symptoms and Evaluation......Page 308
Surgery of the Lateral Skull Base......Page 310
Laterobasal Fractures......Page 311
Direct Trauma to the Lateral Skull Base......Page 314
Tumors of the Temporal Bone......Page 315
Tumors of the Internal Auditory Canal and Cerebellopontine Angle......Page 316
IV - Neck......Page 319
16.1 Anatomy of the External Neck......Page 320
Lymphatic Drainage......Page 321
Innervation......Page 323
Methods of Examination......Page 327
Branchial Cleft Cysts and Fistulas......Page 329
Thyroglossal Duct Cysts and Fistulas......Page 331
Vascular Malformations......Page 333
Dysontogenetic Tumors......Page 335
Inflammations of the Cervical Lymph Nodes......Page 337
Deep Neck Infections......Page 340
Benign Tumors......Page 341
Malignant Tumors of the Cervical Lymph Nodes......Page 342
17. Larynx and Trachea......Page 346
Anatomy of the Larynx......Page 347
Anatomy of the Trachea......Page 353
Methods of Examination......Page 355
Malformations of the Larynx......Page 359
Malformations of the Trachea......Page 362
Diseases Associated with Croup Symptoms......Page 363
Laryngeal Involvement by Infectious Diseases......Page 365
Angioneurotic Laryngeal Edema, Acute Laryngeal Edema......Page 366
Chronic Nonspecific Laryngitis......Page 367
Posterior Laryngitis......Page 368
Laryngitis in Chronic Infectious Diseases......Page 369
Contact Ulcer......Page 370
Foreign-Body Aspiration......Page 371
External Injuries to the Larynx and Extrathoracic Trachea......Page 372
Internal Injuries to the Larynx and Trachea......Page 373
Benign Neoplasms of the Larynx......Page 377
Malignant Laryngeal Tumors......Page 379
Tracheal Tumors......Page 385
Tracheotomy and Cricothyrotomy......Page 387
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Paralysis......Page 389
Superior Laryngeal Nerve Paralysis......Page 391
Vagus Nerve Paralysis......Page 392
18. Voice Disorders......Page 394
Diagnostic Procedures......Page 395
Functional Dysphonia......Page 399
Endocrine Dysphonia......Page 402
Vocal Cord Paralysis......Page 403
19. Speech and Language Disorders......Page 406
Abnormal Language Development......Page 407
Dysgrammatism......Page 409
Speech Fluency Disorders......Page 410
Dysarthria......Page 412
Appendix - Emergencies and Primary Measures......Page 416
Sources......Page 419
A......Page 422
B......Page 423
C......Page 424
D......Page 425
E......Page 426
G......Page 427
H......Page 428
K......Page 429
L......Page 430
M......Page 431
N......Page 432
O......Page 433
P......Page 434
S......Page 435
T......Page 437
V......Page 438
Z......Page 439
