Athlete's Heart: A Multimodal Approach – From Physiological to Pathological Cardiac Adaptations provides a complete overview of all adaptations of the heart to sport practice by highlighting the different diagnosis between athlete’s heart and pathological remodeling. Written by international experts in the field, chapters discuss ECG findings, echocardiogram data, cardiac magnetic resonance and new forms of multimodality imaging, providing readers with evidence-based guidance on how to differentiate athlete's heart from cardiomyopathies.
Athlete's heart is the term given to a constellation of cardiac structural, functional and electrical remodeling that accompanies regular athletic training. Due to the substantial phenotypic overlap between electrical and structural changes observed in the physiological athletic heart remodeling and pathological changes resulted from inherited or acquired cardiomyopathies, distinguishing between adaptive and maladaptive cardiovascular response to exercise is a challenging task.
- Presents a comprehensive overview of exercise-induced cardiac adaptations
- Provides practical aspects for a differential diagnosis between a physiological and a pathological cardiac remodeling
- Includes new imaging technics, with a special focus on multi-modality imaging, such as exercise echocardiography, and new echocardiographic modalities (3D Strain)
Author(s): Antonello D’Andrea, Eduardo Bossone
Publisher: Academic Press
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 192
City: London
Front Cover
Athlete’s Heart: A Multimodal Approach - From Physiological to Pathological Cardiac Adaptations
Copyright
Dedication
Contents
Contributors
Chapter 1 What is athlete’s heart?
1 Introduction
2 Athlete’s heart: Should we need a more specific definition?
3 SCD in athletes: The entity of the problem
3.1 Cardiac conditions associated with SCD
4 Preparticipation cardiovascular screening in athletes
4.1 Clinical and familial history
4.2 Cardiovascular physical examination
5 The role of electrocardiography in the preparticipation
6 Indications for further cardiovascular tests
6.1 Exercise ECG test
6.2 ECG monitoring
6.3 Noninvasive cardiovascular imaging
7 Cardiovascular screening in older athletes
8 Conclusions
References
Chapter 2 Physiological and pathological cardiac adaptations to physical exercise
1 Introduction
2 Physiological modification of the heart with physical exercise
2.1 Central adaptations
2.1.1 Heart rate
2.1.2 Stroke volume
2.2 Peripheral adaptations
3 Physiological modifications in different sports
3.1 Endurance sports
3.2 Strength sports
4 Special environment
4.1 Hyperbarism
4.2 Hypobarism
4.3 Heat adaptation
4.4 Cold adaptations
4.5 Adaptation to air pollution
5 Doping and cardiovascular effects
5.1 Anabolic androgenic steroids
5.2 Growth hormone
5.3 Other drugs
6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 3 Electrocardiogram in athletes
1 Introduction
2 Common and training-related ECG changes in athletes
3 Normal ECG changes related to demographics: Age, sex, and ethnicity
4 Uncommon and training-unrelated ECG changes in athletes
5 Nonspecific ECG findings in athletes
6 Supraventricular or ventricular arrhythmias on ambulatory rhythm monitoring
7 Overlap ECG pattern between athlete’s heart and pathologies
8 Conclusions
References
Chapter 4 Echocardiogram in athlete’s heart
1 Introduction
2 Left heart
3 Right heart
4 Vessels
5 New echocardiographic techniques
6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5 Multimodality imaging in athlete’s heart
1 Introduction
2 Exercise stress testing
3 Exercise stress echocardiography
4 Cardiac magnetic resonance
5 Coronary computed tomography
6 Cardiac nuclear imaging
7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 6 Gray zones in athlete’s heart
1 Introduction
2 Left ventricular hypertrophy or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
3 Athlete’s heart or dilated cardiomyopathy?
4 Left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy or adaptive hypertrabeculation?
5 Right ventricular physiological dilation or arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy?
6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 7 Genetic testing in athletes
1 Introduction
2 Genetic testing in athletes
3 Inherited cardiac disorders in athletes
3.1 Cardiomyopathies
3.1.1 Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
3.1.2 Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy
3.2 Channelopathies
3.2.1 Long QT syndrome
3.2.2 Brugada syndrome
3.2.3 Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
4 Conclusion
References
Index
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