At Day’s Close: Night in Times Past
Contents
Illustrations
Acknowledgments
Preface
Shutting-In
Part One: In The Shadow Of Death
Prelude
1 Terrors of the Night: Heavens and Earth
2 Mortal Perils: Plunder, Violence, and Fire
Part Two: Laws Of Nature
Prelude
3 The Fragility of Authority: Church and State
4 A Man’s House Is His Castle: Domestic Fortifications
5 Darkness Visible: Navigating the Nightscape
Part Three: Benighted Realms
Prelude
6 Works of Darkness: Labor
7 The Common Benefactress: Sociability, Sex, and Solitude
8 Knightwalkers: Princes and Peers
9 Masters by Night: Plebeians
Part Four: Private Worlds
Prelude
10 Ordinances of the Bedchamber: Rituals
11 Unraveling the Knitted Sleeve: Disturbances
12 Sleep We Have Lost: Rhythms and Revelations
Cock-Crow
Notes
Index
ILLUSTRATIONS
Peter Paul Rubens, Return from the Fields, seventeenth century
Georg Mack the Elder, Comet Seen at Nuremberg during November, 1577, seventeenth century
Anon., The Influence of the Moon on the Heads of Women, seventeenth century
Matthias Grunewald, The Devil Attacking the Window (detail from St. Anthony the Hermit from the Isenheim Altarpiece), ca. 1512-1516
Claude Gillot, The Witches’ Sabbath, eighteenth century
William Hogarth, Night (pl. 4 of The Four Times of the Day), 1738
William Hogarth, A Night Encounter, ca. 1740
Fssaias van de Velde, A Village Looted at Night, 1620
Jan Beerstraten, The Great Fire in the Old Town Hall, Amsterdam, 1652
Gerard Vlack, Sleeping Servant, n.d.
Jean Le Pautre, The 1674 Festival at Versailles Organized by Louis XIV to Celebrate the Re-conquest of the Franche-Comté, seventeenth century
Gabriel Bella, The Good Friday Procession in Illuminated Saint Mark’s Square, eighteenth century
Anon., The Midnight Magistrate, eighteenth century
Pierre-Paul Prud’hon, Justice and Divine Vengeance Pursuing Crime, 1808
Thomas Rowlandson, Housebreakers, 1788
Anon., Clipping the Church, nineteenth century
Thomas Frye, Young Man Holding a Candle, eighteenth century
Trophime Bigot, A Boy Pouring Oil into a Lamp, 1620
Gerrit van Honthorst, Dentist, 1622
Vincent van der Vinne, The Safe Refuge, 1714
Thomas Rowlandson, A Linkboy, 1786
Adriaen Brouwer, Dune Landscape by Moonlight, seventeenth century
Thomas Bewick, Benighted Traveler, n.d.
Anon., The Labourer’s Clock, or a Very Easy Method of Telling the Time at Night by the Stars, eighteenth century
Pehr Hilleström, The Testing of an Egg, 1785
Joseph Wright of Derby, The Blacksmith’s Shop, eighteenth century
Anon., John Hunt, Nightman and Rubbish Carter, near the Wagon and Horses in Goswell Street, near Mount Mill, London, eighteenth century
Francesco Bassano the Younger, Autumn Harvest (Grape-picking), 1585-1590
Jan Asselijn, Crab Catching in the Night, seventeenth century
Jean Jacques de Boisseau, Evening in the Village, 1800
Jan Steen, The Ace of Hearts, seventeenth century
Hans Sebald Beham, A Spinnstube, 1524
Gerrit Dou, Scholar with a Globe, seventeenth century
Joseph Wright of Derby, Girl Reading a Letter by Candlelight, with a Young Man Peering over Her Shoulder, ca. 1760-1762
Wolfgang Heimbach, Nocturnal Banquet, 1640
Giuseppe Grisoni, Masquerade at King’s Opera House, 1724
William Hogarth, A Rake’s Progress (pl. 3), 1735
William Hogarth, The Bagnio (pl. 5 of Marriage a la Mode), 1745
Anon., Drunken Rakes and Watchmen in Covent Garden, 1735
Francois Morellon la Cave, Night Meeting of the Adamites, eighteenth century
Johann Konrad Seekatz, Gypsies Before a Campfire, eighteenth century
John Quidor, The Money Diggers, 1832
William Hogarth, The Idle ‘Prentice Betrayed by a Prostitute (pl. 9 of Industry and Idleness), 1747
Georg Merckel, The Curious Death of the Hegen Family, Christmas Eve, 1558, sixteenth century
Matthias Stom, Old Woman Praying, seventeenth century
Anon., Tobias and Sara, ca. 1530
William Hogarth, The Idle Prentice Returned from Sea and in a Garret with a Prostitute (pl. 7 of Industry and Idleness), 1747
Anon., A Boulster Lecture, seventeenth century
William Hogarth, Francis Matthew Schutz in His Bed, late 1750s
Henry Fuseli, The Nightmare, 1781
Gerrit van Honthorst, The Flea Hunt, 1621
Thomas Rowlandson, Haymakers at Rest, 1798
Jan Saenredam, Night, seventeenth century
Jacob Jordaens, The Dream, or The Apparition by Night, seventeenth century
Jean-Honoré Fragonard, The Beggar’s Dream, ca. 1769
Henry Fuseli, Midnight, 1765
Philip James de Loutherbourg, Coalbrookdale by Night, 1801
Thomas Rowlandson, A Peep at the Gas Lights in Pall-Mall, 1809
Anon., Lantern Smashing in Vienna, 1848, from Genaue Darstellung der Denkwürdigen Wiener Ereignisse des Jahres 1848 in ihren Uraschen und Folgen (Vienna, 1849)
Europe at Night, W. Sullivan, nd.
COLOR ILLUSTRATIONS (appear between pages 182 and 193)
Paul Bril, Fantastic Landscape, n.d.
Hieronymous Francken, Witches’ Kitchen, 1610
Philip James de Loutherbourg, Attack by Robbers at Night, ca. 1770
Egbert van der Poel, Fire in a Village at Night, 1655
Jacopo Bassano, Workshop of Weavers, sixteenth century
Anon., Ferry by Moonlight, n.d.
Gerrit van Honthorst, The Matchmaker, 1625
Cornelis Troost, Those Who Could Walk Did: the Others Fell, 1739
Leandro Bassano, Camp at Night, n.d.
Thomas Luny, Teignmouth by Moonlight, eighteenth century
David Teniers the Younger, The Invocation, seventeenth century
Giulio Carponi, The Kingdom of Hypnos, seventeenth century
