This book answer this below question by drawing on a range of critical approaches across the social sciences and humanities, including posthumanism, ethics and human values, media and communications, linguistics, governance and justice studies, surveillance studies, Black feminism, and social and political resistance. On what basis can we challenge Artificial Intelligence (AI)―its infusion, investment, and implementation across the globe? . The authors analyse timely topics, including bias and language processing, responsibility and machine learning, COVID-19 and AI in health technologies, bio-AI and nanotechnology, digit ethics, AI and the gig economy, and representations of AI in literature and culture. This book is for those who are currently working in the field of AI critique and disruption. It is also a book for those who want to learn more about how to doubt, question, challenge, reject, reform and otherwise reprise “AI” as it has been practiced and promoted.
Author(s): Ariane Hanemaayer
Series: Social And Cultural Studies Of Robots And AI
Edition: 1
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
Year: 2022
Language: English
Commentary: TruePDF
Pages: 283
Tags: Sociology: General; Human Geography; Sociology Of Culture; Digital Humanities; Computer Applications; History Of Technology
Acknowledgments
Contents
Notes on Contributors
List of Figures
List of Tables
Introduction: Critical Insights—Bringing the social sciences and humanities to AI
The Birth of AI Criticism: Discontent from Within
From Social Problems to Machines: Connecting Criticism to Computing
Collecting Critical Approaches: Chapter Overview
Part I: Posthumanism
Part II: Human Values
Part III: Media and Language
Part IV: Governance
Part V: Resistance
References
Posthumanism
Virtually Grown Up: Posthumanism and Artificial Intelligence in Fiction for Young People
Rectification or Wreckage? Posthumanism, AI, and Literary Theory
Screened Out: Aetonormativity and YLM in the Digital Era
Kids, Grown-Ups, and Virtuality: The Semiotic Intersection of Aetonormativity and AI
References
The Feminised Robot: Labour and Harawayan Afterlives
Introduction—What’s Behind the Curtain?
A Return to Labour
The Feminised Robot
How Does It Work?
Conclusion
Works Cited
Human values
AI’s Fast and Furtive Spread by Infusion into Technologies That Are Already in Use—A Critical Assessment
Introduction
Beneficence
Advantages
Open Issues
Non-maleficence
Privacy Infringement
Online Nudging
Nature of the Harms
Justice
Varying Preferences
Personalized Experiences
Centralization of Online Influence
Autonomy
AI in Online Choice Environments
Who Hands Over Decision-Support Powers to AI?
Explicability
When Does AI Work?
The Ambiguity Surrounding Version Updates
Concluding Remarks
References
Dumbwaiters and Smartphones: The Responsibility of Intelligence
Deaf and Dumb
Call and Response
Purpose Driven Life
Smart Furniture, Intelligent Algorithms
Speak Up
Artful Dodgers
References
Media and Language
Artificial Intelligence: A Medium that Hides Its Nature
Dialogue and Anthropomorphism
AI and Writing
Finding the Author in Knowledge Medium
AI as a Medium in Images
Conclusion
Bibliography
Gender Bias in Machine Translation Systems
Introduction
AI Ethics Guidelines and Natural Language Processing
Bias in Natural Language Processing
Gender Bias in Machine Translation Training Data
Mitigating Gender Bias in Machine Translation Systems
Conclusion
References
Governance
Not Anytime Soon: The Clinical Translation of Nanorobots and Its Biocompatibility-Interdisciplinarity Critique
Introduction
How We Got Here: The Quest for Higher AI
Where We Are: The Pursuit of Strong-(Bio)AI
Bio-AI and Its Biocompatibility Problem
Bio-AI and Its Translatability Within a Regulatory Context
Where Next: Contextualising Bio-AI Within Its Environment
Conclusion
References
Controversial Covid-19 Contact-Tracing App in India: Digital Self-Defence, Governance and Surveillance
Introduction
Aarogya Setu
Discussion
Governance
Surveillance
Data Justice
Legal Contours
Privacy
Conclusion
References
‘Intelligent Justice’: AI Implementations in China’s Legal Systems
Introduction
The Structure and Environment of China’s AI Research
China’s Judicial Challenges
Intelligent Perception
Perceptual Technologies in Public Security
Perceptual Intelligence in the Judiciary
Intelligent Cognition
Cognitive Assistance in Use
Challenges to the Cognitive Model
Intelligent Decision-Making
Autonomous Applications in the Public Sphere
Digitized Agency and Future Considerations
Conclusion
References
Resistance
Artificial Intelligence Between Oppression and Resistance: Black Feminist Perspectives on Emerging Technologies
Introduction
Black Feminist Theory—Brief Overview
AI & the Oppression of Black Women
Economic Oppression
Political Oppression
Cultural Oppression
AI & Resistance by Black Women
Political Activism
New Frameworks for the Study of AI-Based Technologies
Technology Designs for Social Justice
Conclusion
Bibliography
Predators in the Attention Economy: Identification and Defense
From Cyberia to Surveillance Capitalism
Predators in the Attention Economy: The Risks
Backs up Against the Future
Consequences: From Neoliberalism to Neofeudalism
Options
Option 1—Just Say No: #OptOut Movements
Option 2—Technology Ethics
Option 3: Antitrust Legislation
Option 4: Kill the King—Overthrow Capitalism!
Option 5: Brain Surgery on the Two Superintelligent Social Systems
Reconstructing the Future
Index
