The technological innovations that have made "learning" computers possible are being met with utopian hopes as well as apocalyptic apprehensions. Will AI research eventually lead to software systems that have consciousness and are capable of autonomous decision making? The essays challenge "strong AI" from the perspective of human agency and moral judgment, explain the categorical difference between vulnerable humans and AI devices, and discuss diverse forms of applied AI, such as prograns of natural language processing, computional creativity, neuroenhancement, and the use of AI in international healthcare. These theoretical issues are illustrated in essays that focus on the encounter with artificial beings in film, literature and theater. Examining science fiction that blurs the borderline between humans and deep-learning androids, the essays explore, and challenge, ways of questioning human exceptionalism, for instance by visualizing non-conscious cognition and sentience. The book suggests a sober distinction between well-argued achievements of digital technology and excessive, unfounded expectations.
Author(s): Herta Nagl-Docekal, Waldemar Zacharasiewicz
Series: Wiener Reihe, 21
Publisher: De Gruyter
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 336
City: Berlin
Table of Contents
Acknowledgements
Introduction: Affirmative and Critical Approaches to Artificial Intelligence and Human Enhancement
Part 1: Challenging “Strong AI” from the Perspective of Human Agency
The Artificiality of the Human Mind: A Reflection on Natural and Artificial Intelligence
Merits and Limits of AI: Philosophical Reflections on the Difference between Instrumental Rationality and Praxis-Related Hermeneutical Reason
Experience, Identity and Moral Agency in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
Outsourcing the Brain, Optimizing the Body: Retrotopian Projections of the Human Subject
Life Care/Lebenssorge and the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Part 2: Examining Merits and Limits of Applied AI
AI’s Winograd Moment; or: How Should We Teach Machines Common Sense? Guidance from Cognitive Science
Passing the Turing Test? AI Generated Poetry and Posthuman Creativity
Why Neuroenhancement is a Philosophical Issue
The Future of Artificial Intelligence in International Healthcare: An Index
Part 3: Encounters with Artificial Beings in Film, Literature, and Theater
Dark Ecology and Digital Images of Entropy: A Brief Survey of the History of Cinematic Morphing and the Computer Graphics of Artificial Intelligence
Sentience, Artificial Intelligence, and Human Enhancement in US-American Fiction and Film: Thinking With and Without Consciousness
“I, Robot”: Artificial Intelligence and Fears of the Posthuman
AI on Stage: A Cross-Cultural Check-Up and the Case of Canada and John Mighton
Artificial Intelligence from Science Fiction to Soul Machines: (Re‐)Configuring Empathy between Bodies, Knowledge, and Power
List of contributors
Index of Authors
Index of Subjects
