As the first book ever published for public administration statistics courses, APPLIED STATISTICS FOR PUBLIC AND NONPROFIT ADMINISTRATION makes a difficult subject accessible to students and practitioners of public administration and to non-profit studies who have little background in statistics or research methods. Steeped in experience and practice, this landmark text remains the first and best in research methods and statistics for students and practitioners in public-and nonprofit-administration. All statistical techniques used by public administration professionals are covered, and all examples in the text relate to public administration and the nonprofit sector. Avoiding jargon and formula, this text uses a step-by-step approach that facilitates student learning.
Author(s): Kenneth J. Meier, Jeffrey L. Brudney, John Bohte
Edition: 9
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Year: 2014
Language: English
Pages: 530
About the Authors
Brief Contents
Contents
List of Symbols
Preface
Part 1: Foundations of Quantitative Analysis
Ch 1: Statistics and Public and Nonprofit Administration
The Advantages of a Statistical Approach
Statistics and Options for Managers
The Role of Calculation
Academic Standards for Master's Degree Programs in Public Affairs and Curricular Guidelines for Nonprofit Academic Programs
A Road Map for This Book
Ch 2: Measurement
Theory of Measurement
Measurement Validity
Measurement Reliability
Types of Measures
Levels of Measurement
Performance Measurement Techniques
Chapter Summary
Problems
Ch 3: Research Design
Constructing Causal Explanations
Causal Relationships
Research Design
Experimental Designs of Research
Quasi-Experimental Designs of Research
Research Designs and Validity
Chapter Summary
Problems
Part 2: Descriptive Statistics
Ch 4: Frequency Distributions
Constructing a Frequency Distribution
The Percentage Distribution
Cumulative Frequency Distributions
Graphical Presentations
Tips for Graphical Presentations
Chapter Summary
Problems
Ch 5: Measures of Central Tendency
The Mean
The Median
The Mode
The Mean versus the Median
Levels of Measurement and Measures of Central Tendency
Hierarchy of Measurement
Some Cautions
Chapter Summary
Problems
Ch 6: Measures of Dispersion
The Standard Deviation
Shape of a Frequency Distribution and Measures of Central Tendency
Using Measures of Dispersion and Central Tendency Together
Chapter Summary
Problems
Part 3: Probability
Ch 7: The Normal Probability Distribution
Characteristics of the Normal Distribution
z Scores and the Normal Distribution Table
Applications of the Normal Distribution to Public and Nonprofit Management
A Measurement Technique Based on Standard Normal Scores
Chapter Summary
Problems
Ch 8: The Binomial Probability Distribution
Binomial Probabilities
The Normal Curve and the Binomial Distribution
When to Use the Normal Curve
Chapter Summary
Problems
Ch 9: Some Special Probability Distributions
The Hypergeometric Probability Distribution
The Poisson Distribution
The Exponential Probability Distribution
Chapter Summary
Problems
Part 4: Inferential Statistics
Ch 10: Introduction to Inference
Some Definitions
Estimating a Population Mean
Estimating a Population Standard Deviation
The Standard Error
How Sample Size Affects the Standard Error
The t Distribution
An Example
Chapter Summary
Problems
Ch 11: Hypothesis Testing
Steps in Hypothesis Testing
The Importance of Stating the Null and Alternative Hypotheses Correctly
Testing Hypotheses with Population Parameters
Hypothesis Testing with Samples
How Sure Should a Person Be?
One- and Two-Tailed Tests
Errors
Determining Sample Size
Chapter Summary
Problems
Answers to Sample Null and Research Hypotheses
Ch 12: Estimating Population Proportions
Estimating a Population Proportion
Proportions
A Digression
Determining Sample Size
Decision Making
Chapter Summary
Problems
Ch 13: Testing the Difference between Two Groups
Stating the Research and Null Hypotheses for Difference of Means Tests
Difference of Means Procedure
Understanding the Three Major Difference of Means Tests
t Test Assuming Independent Samples with Unequal Variances
t Test Assuming Independent Samples with Equal Variances
t Test Assuming Dependent Samples
Proportions
Chapter Summary
Problems
Part 5: Analysis of Nominal and Ordinal Data
Ch 14: Construction and Analysis of Contingency Tables
Percentage Distributions
Contingency Table Analysis
Larger Contingency Tables
Displaying Contingency Tables
Chapter Summary
Problems
Ch 15: Aids for the Interpretation of Contingency Tables
The Chi-Square Test: Statistical Significance for Contingency Tables
Assessing the Strength of a Relationship
Measures of Association
Chapter Summary
Problems
Ch 16: Statistical Control Table Analysis
Controlling for a Third Variable
Results and Implications of Control Table Analysis
Limitations of the Control Table Technique
Chapter Summary
Problems
Part 6: Regression Analysis
Ch 17: Introduction to Regression Analysis
Relationships between Variables
Ode to Eyeballing
Linear Regression
Some Applications
An Example
Measures of Goodness of Fit
The Standard Error of the Estimate
The Coefficient of Determination
The Standard Error of the Slope
Chapter Summary
Problems
Answer to Regression Problem
Ch 18: The Assumptions of Linear Regression
Assumption 1
Assumption 2
Assumption 3
Assumption 4
Assumption 5
Chapter Summary
Problems
Ch 19: Time Series Analysis
Introduction to Time Series
Forecasting without Fluctuation
Forecasting an Exponential Trend
Forecasting with a Short-Term Fluctuation
Bivariate Forecasting
Chapter Summary
Problems
Ch 20: Multiple Regression
An Example
Calculating Partial Slopes
The Logic of Controls
Dummy Variable Regression
Regression with Three Independent Variables
Testing a Hypothesis
Two Additional Regression Assumptions
Polynomial Curve Fitting
Chapter Summary
Problems
Ch 21: Regression Output and Data Management
Bivariate Regression Output
Multiple Regression Output
Dummy Variable Regression Output
What to Report When Discussing Regression Output
Data Management Issues
The Importance of Examining Descriptive Statistics Prior to Using More Advanced Statistical Techniques
Chapter Summary
Problems
Annotated Bibliography
Statistical Tables
Glossary
Answers to Odd-Numbered Computational Problems
Index
