Издательство CRC Press, 2000, -798 pp.Speech has evolved over a period of tens of thousand of years as the primary means of communication between human beings. Since the evolution of speech and of homo sapiens have proceeded hand-inhand, it seems reasonable to assume that human speech production mechanisms, and the resulting acoustic signal, are optimally adapted to human speech perception mechanisms. A deeper understanding of the human communication process may therefore prove very valuable, if not essential, to any who are working on the development and application of speech technology to human-machine interaction via speech.
The communication process, seen as a whole, concerns all stages from the origin of a thought in the mind of a speaker to its perception in the mind of the listener. These operations include the selection of a suitable set of words to express the meaning of the speaker’s thoughts, the choice of an appropriate word order and grammatical form consistent with this meaning, the expression of each word as speech sounds, and the production of suitable articulatory gestures to give these form as acoustic vibrations in the physical world. The communication process in the listener begins with reception of the acoustic vibrations by the ear, and should ultimately result in the perception of the speaker’s intended meaning and thus an insight into his or her thoughts.
The connection between thought and meaning and the selection of words, and the rules and restrictions that govern the order and form of words will not be dealt with here. Although these factors exert an influence throughout the whole process of production and perception, we shall concentrate on the spoken word and its relation to the acoustic signal. After an introductory discussion of the encoded nature of speech, the chapter will describe speech production, the acoustic theory of speech production, linguistic units of speech, acoustic characteristics of speech, auditory perception, and speech perception.Speech: Articulatory, Linguistic, Acoustic, and Perceptual Descriptions
Speech Technology
Text-to-Speech Systems
Using Speech Recognition Systems: Issues in Cognitive Engineering
Intelligibility and Acceptability Testing for Speech Technology
Perception and Comprehension of Speech
Human Factors in Lifecycle Development
Technical Issues Underlying the Development and Use of a Speech Research Laboratory
Speech Recognition
Psychological and Human Factors Issues in the Design of Speech Recognition Systems
Voiced Mail: Speech Synthesis of Electronic Mail
The Design of Spoken Language Interfaces
Synthetic Spoken Driving Instructions by Telephone and while Driving: Implications for Interfaces
Human Factors Contributions to the Development of a Speech Recognition Cellular Telephone
Voice Quality Assessment of Digital Network Technologies
Behavioral Aspects of Speech Technology: Industrial Systems
Toys That Talk: Two Case Studies
HADES: A Case Study of the Development of a Signal Analysis System
The Perceptual and Acoustic Assessment of the Speech of Hearing-Impaired Talkers
The Development of Text-To-Speech Technology For Use In
Computer Assisted Speech Training: Practical Considerations
What Computerized Speech Can Add to Remedial Reading
Design of a Hearing Screening Test using Synthetic Speech
Speech Technology in Interactive Instructioт
