Applied Anatomy for Clinical Procedures at a Glance

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Contributors
Chapter 1 Scrubbing up
Equipment (Figure 1.1)
Antiseptic solutions
Procedure (Figure 1.4)
Chapter 2 Setting up a sterile field and draping the patient
Equipment (Figure 2.1)
Procedure
Top tips
Chapter 3 Three-way tap
Description of the three-way tap
Potential uses of the three-way tap (Figure 3.3)
Safe use of a three-way tap
After the procedure
Anatomical pitfalls
Top tips
Chapter 4 Common equipment for core clinical procedures
Needles
Hollow needles
Butterflies
Spinal needles (Figure 4.3)
Cannulas (Figure 4.4)
Syringes (Figure 4.5)
Sampling devices
Urinary catheters (Figure 4.6)
Catheter bags (Figure 4.7)
Commonly used blood bottles (Figures 4.8 and 4.9)
Sample pots (Figure 4.10)
Sterile procedure packs (Figures 4.11 and 4.12)
Chapter 5 Local anaesthetic infiltration
Classes of local anaesthetics (Figure 5.1)
Mechanism of action
Dose
Side effects
Technique
Anatomical pitfalls
Top tips
Chapter 6 Obtaining consent
Why do we obtain consent?
Principles of obtaining consent if the patient has capacity
Principles of obtaining consent if the patient does not have capacity
Obtaining consent
Responsibility for obtaining consent
Discussing side effects/risk
Verbal or written consent? (Figures 6.2 and 6.3)
Consent in children
Chapter 7 Manometer for central venous pressure and lumbar puncture
What is a manometer line?
What is normal pressure?
Set-up of the CSF manometer line
Equipment (Figure 7.4)
Technique
Set-up of the CVP manometer line
Equipment (Figure 7.5)
Technique
Common anatomical pitfalls
CSF
CVP
Chapter 8 Bladder irrigation sets
Equipment
Set-up
Common anatomical pitfalls
Top tips
Chapter 9 Underwater seal for chest drains
Equipment (Figure 9.1)
Connection (Figures 9.3 and 9.4)
How does it work? (see Figure 9.2)
Anatomical pitfalls
Top tips
Chapter 10 Male catheterisation
Equipment (Figure 10.1)
Procedure
Contraindications
Common problems
Chapter 11 Female catheterisation
Indications
Equipment (Figure 11.1)
Pre-procedure
Procedure
Top tips
Chapter 12 Arterial blood gases
Equipment (Figure 12.1)
Procedure
Identify patient and assemble equipment
Perform procedure
Post-procedure
Allen’s test (Figure 12.3)
Brachial and femoral stabs
Common anatomical pitfalls
Top tips
Chapter 13 Performing an electrocardiogram
Equipment (Figure 13.1)
Procedure
Anatomical (and other) pitfalls
Top tips
Chapter 14 Oropharyngeal airway
Equipment (Figure 14.1)
Technique (Figure 14.2)
Aftercare
Common anatomical pitfalls
Top tips
Chapter 15 Nasopharyngeal airway
Equipment (Figure 15.1)
Technique (Figure 15.2)
Aftercare
Common anatomical pitfalls
Top tips
Chapter 16 Laryngeal mask airway
Equipment
Technique
Aftercare
Common anatomical pitfalls
Top tips
Chapter 17 Central venous cannulation (high approach internal jugular)
How to insert a central venous line
Equipment (Figure 17.1)
Technique (Figure 17.3)
Landmarks for internal jugular vein (Figure 17.4)
Aftercare
Common complications
Chapter 18 Central venous cannulation (low approach internal jugular)
How to insert a central venous line
Equipment (Figure 18.1)
Technique (Figure 18.3)
Landmarks for internal jugular vein (Figure 18.4)
Aftercare
Common complications
Chapter 19 Central venous cannulation (subclavian)
How to insert a central venous line
Equipment (Figure 19.1)
Technique (Figure 19.3)
Aftercare
Common complications
Landmarks for subclavian vein (Figure 19.4)
Top tips
Chapter 20 Direct current cardioversion
Indications
Equipment (Figure 20.1)
Contraindications
Pre-procedure
Procedure
Post-procedure
Top tip
Pitfalls
Chapter 21 Intercostal drains
Requirements
Equipment (Figure 21.1)
Procedure – Seldinger technique
Procedure – Surgical technique
Anatomical (and other) pitfalls
Chapter 22 Pleural tap
Requirements
Equipment (Figure 22.1)
Procedure
Anatomical (and other) pitfalls
Complications
Chapter 23 Inserting a nasogastric tube
Equipment (Figure 23.1)
Procedure
Post-procedure
Contraindications to NGT insertion
Pitfalls
Top tips
Chapter 24 Lumbar puncture
Equipment (Figure 24.1)
Technique
Aftercare
Common anatomical pitfalls
Bone only
Bloody tap
CSF flow stops
Obesity – unable to identify midline or spinous process
Top tips
Position
Insertion angle
Depth of dura
Preparation
Position
Chapter 25 Bone marrow aspirate
Equipment (Figure 25.1)
Pre-procedure
Procedure
Clotting requirements for a bone marrow aspirate
Chapter 26 Ascitic tap
Equipment (Figure 26.1)
Contraindications
Pre-procedure
Procedure
Post-procedure
Top tips
Chapter 27 Paracentesis
Indications
Equipment (Figure 27.1)
Pre-procedure
Procedure
Post-procedure
Complications
Chapter 28 Knee aspiration
Equipment (Figure 28.1)
Indications
Procedure
Aftercare
Common anatomical pitfalls (Figure 28.3)
Anatomical top tips
Chapter 29 Skin biopsy
Equipment (Figure 29.1)
Indications
Procedure
Anatomical pitfalls
Top tips
Chapter 30 Basic suturing
Equipment (Figure 30.1)
Choice of suture
Factors determining the choice of sutures and needles
Technique
General principles
Variations in suturing techniques
Removal of sutures
Anatomical pitfalls
Chapter 31 Basic anastomotic techniques
Equipment (Figure 31.1a–c)
Technique
Types (Figure 31.2)
Anatomical pitfalls: Bowel
Anatomical pitfalls: Vascular
Aftercare: Bowel
Aftercare: Vascular
Chapter 32 Abscess drainage and debridement
Equipment (Figure 32.1)
Procedure (Figure 32.2)
Aftercare
Pitfalls
Anatomical top tips
Chapter 33 Bag mask ventilation (adults)
Equipment (Figure 33.1)
Technique (Figure 33.2)
Aftercare
Common anatomical pitfalls
Top tips
Chapter 34 Endotracheal intubation (adults)
Equipment (Figure 34.1)
Technique
Aftercare
Common anatomical pitfalls
Top tips
Chapter 35 Needle cricothryoidotomy (adults)
Equipment (Figure 35.1)
Technique
Aftercare
Common anatomical pitfalls
Top tips
Chapter 36 Surgical cricothyroidotomy
Equipment
Indications
Contraindications
Procedure (Figure 36.2)
Aftercare
Common anatomical pitfalls
Top tip
Chapter 37 Defibrillation
Equipment (Figure 37.1)
Technique
Aftercare
Common anatomical pitfalls
Top tips
Chapter 38 Spinal injection
Equipment (Figure 38.1)
Technique
Aftercare
Common anatomical pitfalls
Top tips
Difficulty aspirating CSF
Safety (Figure 38.5)
Chapter 39 Epidural injection
Equipment (Figure 39.1)
Technique
Aftercare
Common anatomical pitfalls
Top tips
Chapter 40 Procedure-related safety
The problem
Definitions (as per the World Health Organisation)
The response
Responsibilities for National Health Service (NHS) and staff
Top tips (from the World Health Organisation)
Index
EULA