This book is a guide to the application of ionic liquids (ILs) in the oil industry. It includes ten chapters that review basic and advanced topics. Starting with a general introduction to IL structure and properties, the book comprehensively explains the use of ILs in key petroleum extraction processes such as pollutant removal, demulsification, crude oil transport and oil recovery. Additional applications that are important for the sustainability management of petrochemical operations such as deepwell hydrate inhibition, CO2 capture, corrosion engineering, catalysis, hydrocarbon separation, bitumen extraction and stabilization are also included. Each chapter also provides bibliographic references for further reading.
The wide range of topics makes this an informative reference to students and professionals in petroleum engineering, chemical engineering programs and any other training course that requires reading material for an understanding of the oil industry. General readers and researchers interested in the fascinating chemistry of ionic liquids will also enjoy this book.
Author(s): Rafael Martínez Palou, Natalya V. Likhanova
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 211
City: Singapore
Cover
Title
Copyright
End User License Agreement
Contents
Foreword
Preface
CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
ACKOWNOLEDGEMENTS
Structure, Properties and Applications of Ionic Liquids
INTRODUCTION
Synthesis of ILs
Technology Development Using ILs
Large-scale Applications in the Oil Industry
CONCLUDING REMARKS
REFERENCES
Application of ILs in the Removal of Pollutants Present in Gasoline and Diesel
INTRODUCTION
Environmental Problems Due to the Presence of Sulfur Compounds in Fuels
Application of ILs in the Desulfurization of Oil Derived Fuels
Oxidative Desulfurization
Application of ILs in the Denitrogenation of Oil-derived Fuels
Application of ILs in the Removal of Fluorinated Compounds from Alkylation Gasolines
CONCLUDING REMARKS
REFERENCES
Application of Ionic Liquids in CO2 Capture
INTRODUCTION
CO2 Capture with ILs
Functionalized ILs for CO2 Capture
Separation and Capture of CO2 by Means of Supported-ILs Membranes
Transformation and Valorization of CO2
CONCLUDING REMARKS
REFERENCES
Application of ILs in the Breaking of Emulsions Found in the Oil Industry
INTRODUCTION
Parameters that Play a Role in the Demulsification Process
Salinity
Temperature
pH
Particle Size
Water Content
Stirring Rate
Commercial Demulsifiers for Breaking W/O Emulsions
ILs as Demulsifying Agents of W/O Emulsions
CONCLUDING REMARKS
REFERENCES
Application of ILs in the Transport of Heavy and Extra-heavy Crude Oils
INTRODUCTION
CONCLUDING REMARKS
REFERENCES
Application of ionic liquids as Corrosion Inhibitors in the Oil Industry
INTRODUCTION
Corrosion Theory
Physical Corrosion
Chemical Corrosion
Electrochemical Corrosion
Microbiological Corrosion
Uniform or General Corrosion
Pitting Corrosion
Erosion Corrosion
Stress Corrosion
Galvanic or Bimetallic Corrosion
Cavitation Corrosion
Corrosion via Embrittlement and Hydrogen Blistering
Corrosion Monitoring in the Oil Industry
Corrosion Control
Corrosion Inhibitors
Action mechanism of inhibitors
Evaluation of the Toxicity of Inhibitors
Techniques for Evaluating the Performance of Corrosion inhibitors
Gravimetric Techniques
Electrochemical Techniques
Polarization Resistance
Tafel Extrapolation cursive
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
Electrochemical Noise
Research in the Development of CIS for the Oil Industry
Ionic Liquids as Corrosion Inhibitors
CONCLUDING REMARKS
REFERENCES
Ionic Liquids as Inhibitors of Hydrate Formation in Deepwater Wells
INTRODUCTION
Structure of Methane Hydrates
Thermodynamic Equilibrium of Hydrate Formation
Chemicals to Prevent Gas Hydrate Formation
ILs as Hydrate Formation Inhibitors
Dual-purpose ILs with Simultaneous LDHIs and Corrosion Inhibitors
CONCLUDING REMARKS
REFERENCES
ILs Applied to Enhance Oil Recovery Processes
INTRODUCTION
CONCLUDING REMARKS
REFERENCES
Applications of ILs as Catalysts in the Reaction to Obtain Alkylate Gasoline
INTRODUCTION
ILs as Catalysts to Obtain Alkylate Gasoline
Brønsted Acid ILs as Catalysts of Isobutane/Butene Alkylation
Lewis Acid ILs as Catalysts of Isobutane/Butene Alkylation
Brønsted-Lewis acid ILs
Supported-ILs
CONCLUDING REMARKS
REFERENCES
Other Applications of ILs in the Petroleum Industry
INTRODUCTION
Separation of Light Hydrocarbons Employing ILs
Separation of Aromatic and Aliphatic Hydrocarbons Using ILs
ILs in Shale Stabilization Processes
IL-assisted Bitumen Extraction from Oil Sand
CONCLUDING REMARKS
REFERENCES
Final conclusions and Future
Prospects
Subject Index
Back Cover
