This book provides up-to-date guidance on the use of FDG PET to assess the biological activity and treatment response of a wide range of malignancies, including, for example, lung cancer, breast cancer, head and neck cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, and malignant lymphoma. In the era of precision medicine, numerous new anticancer agents, such as molecular targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors, have been developed to improve outcomes in cancer patients. FDG PET plays a key role in evaluating the effects of these novel treatments because it can detect changes in the metabolic activity of tumors before any reduction in their size is visible on other imaging modalities. Accordingly, FDG PET is of prognostic as well as diagnostic value, and allows prompt changes in patient management.
The book is written by expert clinicians from Japan, where the universal public health insurance system ensures that FDG PET is widely used in routine oncological practice and cancer screening. It represents an unrivaled and comprehensive resource that will be of value for all healthcare professionals in the field of clinical oncology.
Author(s): Hirofumi Fujii, Hiroyuki Nakamura, Seiei Yasuda
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Year: 2021
Language: English
Pages: 147
City: Singapore
Preface
Contents
Chapter 1: Overview of FDG PET in Oncology in Japan
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Clinical Application of FDG PET Tests in the Field of Oncology
1.2.1 Differential Diagnosis of Already-Known Lesions
1.2.2 Staging of Malignant Tumors
1.2.3 Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects of Nonsurgical Treatment
1.2.4 Surveillance of Recurrent Tumors
1.3 The Role of FDG PET Tests Appeared in Japanese Clinical Guidelines for Major Cancer
1.3.1 Lung Cancer
1.3.2 Breast Cancer
1.3.3 Head and Neck Cancer
1.3.4 Colorectal Cancer
1.3.5 Malignant Soft Tissue Tumor
1.3.6 Skin Cancer
1.3.7 Malignant Lymphoma
1.4 Nationwide Survey of FDG PET Tests
1.5 The Coverage of FDG PET by Public Health Insurance in Japan
1.6 Cancer Screening Using FDG PET Tests
1.7 Summary and Key Points
References
Chapter 2: The Role of 18F-FDG-PET as Therapeutic Monitoring in Patients with Lung Cancer
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 The Potential of 18F-FDG-PET for Response Evaluation in EGFR-TKI
2.1.2 18F-FDG-PET in Angiogenetic Inhibitors
2.1.3 The Usefulness of 18F-FDG-PET in Immunotherapy
2.1.4 The Relationship Between 18F-FDG Uptake and PD-L1 Expression
2.2 Future Directions of 18F-FDG-PET as a Molecular Biomarker in Advanced NSCLC
2.3 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3: F-18 FDG PET Tests in Breast Cancer
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 FDG Uptake Trend
3.1.1.1 FDG Uptake Trend of Normal or Benign Breast Tissue
3.1.1.2 The Association Between FDG Uptake and Histology or Prognostic Factors
3.1.2 Staging and Detection of Distant Metastases
3.1.2.1 Locoregional Staging with FDG PET or PET/CT
3.1.2.2 Role of Staging with FDG PET or PET/CT
3.1.3 Evaluation for Recurrence and Follow-Up
3.1.4 Breast PET
3.1.5 Evaluation of Treatment Response
3.1.5.1 Evaluation of Neoadjuvant Setting
3.1.5.2 Early Evaluation of Response to NAC
3.1.5.3 Other Promising Tracers for Breast Cancer
References
Chapter 4: F-18 FDG PET Tests in Head and Neck Cancer
4.1 FDG PET/CT for HNSCC
4.1.1 Utility During Initial Staging
4.1.1.1 T Staging
4.1.1.2 N Staging
4.1.1.3 M Staging
4.1.2 Utility for the Diagnosis of Primary Unknown Carcinoma with Cervical Node Metastasis
4.1.3 Utility for the Detection of Recurrence
4.1.3.1 Early Detection of Recurrence and Superiority to CT and MRI
4.1.3.2 Recurrence After Surgery
4.1.3.3 Perineural Tumor Spread (PNTS)
4.1.3.4 Follow-Up PET/CT for Patients Without Clinical Symptoms
4.1.4 Utility for Assessment of the Response to Radiotherapy
4.1.4.1 Detection of Residual Lymph Nodes After Radiotherapy
4.1.4.2 Detection of Residual Primary Lesions After Radiotherapy
4.1.5 Utility for the Prediction of Survival Outcomes and/or Treatment Response
4.1.5.1 Prediction of Survival Outcomes
4.1.5.2 Prediction of the Treatment Response (Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy)
4.1.5.3 Prediction of the Treatment Response (Radiotherapy)
4.2 Clinical Pitfalls of FDG PET/CT
4.2.1 Physiological FDG Uptake in the Head and Neck
4.2.2 PET/CT for Salivary Gland Tumors
4.2.3 PET/CT for Thyroid Gland Tumors
References
Chapter 5: Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Colorectal Cancer
5.1 Summary and Key Points
References
Chapter 6: Urological Cancer
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Renal Cell Carcinoma
6.3 The Diagnostic Ability of FDG PET/CT for RCC
6.4 The Prediction of Survival by FDG PET/CT
6.5 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor and FDG PET/CT
6.6 mTOR Inhibitor and FDG PET/CT
6.7 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor and FDG PET/CT
6.8 Other Urological Cancer
6.8.1 Testicular Tumor
6.8.2 Bladder Cancer and Upper Urinary Tract Cancer
6.8.3 Prostate Cancer
References
Chapter 7: Bone and Soft-Tissue Tumors
7.1 Bone and Soft-Tissue Tumors
7.2 Determining a Location for Biopsy
7.3 Evaluation of Chemotherapy Clinical Outcomes
7.4 Surgical Planning
7.5 Comparing PET/MRI and PET/CT
References
Chapter 8: F-18 FDG PET Tests in Skin Cancer Including Malignant Melanoma
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Epithelial Malignancies
8.2.1 Malignant Melanoma
8.2.1.1 Preoperative Assessment
8.2.2 Recurrence or Distant Metastasis Assessment
8.2.3 Response to Therapy Assessment
8.2.4 Assessing Response to Molecular Targeted Kinase Inhibitors
8.2.5 Assessing Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy
8.2.6 Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers
8.3 Cutaneous Soft Tissue Sarcomas
8.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 9: F-18 FDG PET Tests in Malignant Lymphoma
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Role of PET in Staging at the Time of Diagnosis
9.3 End of Treatment Evaluation
9.4 Interim PET (iPET)
9.5 Post-Therapy Surveillance
References
