Apple Computer. — Cupertino, December 1996. — 39 p. — ISBN 1-56830-171-5.We here at Apple would like to help make people's adventures on the Web as good as they can be. Based on our experience designing, building, and testing easy-to-use computer products, we're offering suggestions for creating Web pages that are usable and effective.
This document contains information about general human interface principles that you can apply to designing Web pages. It provides some general Web design considerations and links to other Web design resources that we've found useful and informative. This information
has been drawn from our Macintosh Human Interface Guidelines, from experience and expertise on the part of members of the Apple human interface community, and from information gleaned from the Web itself.
We plan to expand the information in this document over time and are interested in your ideas.Мы в Эппл хотим помогать делать путешествия людей по интернету настолько интересными, насколько это возможно. На основе своего опыта в разработке, создании и отладке простых в использовании компьютерных продуктов мы предлагаем решения для создания удобных и эффективных сайтов. Этот документ содержит сведения о принципах создания человеко-ориентированных интерфейсов, которые вы можете применить при создании сайтов. Он содержит ссылки на основные соглашения в области веб дизайна и сайты, которые мы посчитали удобными и информативными. Эта информация взята из нашего Руководства по Человеко-ориентированным Интерфейсам Макинтош, из опыта сообщества по созданию таких интерфейсов и просто из интернета.
Мы планируем расширять этот документ, а потому заинтересованы в ваших идеях.Contents
Introduction
Plan Your Site
Have an Objective
Develop Content Before Design
Add Value
Provide The Basics
Provide Author or Contact Person Information
Identify With your Corporation or Institution
List your URL
Let People Know How Current the Site Is
Communicate Effectively
Keep Pages Short
Use Formatting Wisely
Summarize Information
Use Specific Link References
Define a Language Style (or Use an Existing Style)
Use Familiar Technology
Label Human Interface Elements Clearly
Use Book Title Capitalization for Human Interface Elements
Use Useful and Clear Error Messages
Help Users Find Their Way
Take Advantage of Keywords
Provide a Directory of Your Site
Show Users Where There Are
Minimize the Need to Scroll and Resize
Use Descriptive Titles
Choose the Appropriate Depth Versus Breadth for Your Site
Use Appropriate Navigation buttons
Help Users Find Their Way (continued)
Avoid Dead Ends
Include Internal Links on Long Pages
Include Links to the Key Locations in Your Web Site
Duplicate Navigational Items at the Bottom of Your Pages
Be Consistent in the Placement of Navigation Links
Use Cross References
Provide a Search Mechanism
Design for Efficiency
Don’t Bury Information
Minimize File Size
Use Small Images
Use Thumbnail Graphics
Repeat Images Where Possible
Specify the Width and Height for Graphics
Use Interlaced Images
Know the Difference Between GIF and JPEG
Accommodate Differences
Provide Alternate Text for Images
Provide Files in Cross-Platform Format
Let Users Decide
Make it Look Nice
Use Appropriate Formatting
Assume a Screen Size of 640 pixels x 480 pixels
Design for Different Page Orientations
Don’t Capriciously Change Link Appearances
Use Caps/Lower Case or Initial Cap Style for Headings
Use Empty (White) Space Liberally
Establish a Layout Grid for Your Site
Use a Consistent Visual Design Language
Encourage Dialog
Provide Ways for People to Interact With Each Other
Provide Ways for People to Interact With Well-Known People
Provide an E-mail Contact
Provide a Way for People to Request Specific Information
Make the Interaction Live, If You Can
Think Globally
Provide A Way For Users To Choose A Language
Know The Region For Which Your Site Is Developed
Choose Your Graphics Wisely
Know The Date
Consider Language Differences
Avoid Assumptions About Text
Consider Alignment Differences
Maintain Your Site
Test Your Web Site
Copy Edit Your Pages
Don’t Overuse Under Construction Signs
Check For Broken Links
Update Your Site Regularly
Keep Information Timely
Provide Access To Archived Information
HTML Tips
Comment Your HTML Code
Know Nesting Priorities
Use The BORDER Attribute For Tables
BOLD Vs. HEADER Tags
Ordered Lists
Case Sensitivity
Use PARAGRAPH Marks Appropriately
