This open access book analyzes the main drivers that are influencing the dramatic evolution of work in Asia and the Pacific and identifies the implications for education and training in the region. It also assesses how education and training philosophies, curricula, and pedagogy can be reshaped to produce workers with the skills required to meet the emerging demands of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
The book’s 40 articles cover a wide range of topics and reflect the diverse perspectives of the eminent policy makers, practitioners, and researchers who authored them. To maximize its potential impact, this Springer-Asian Development Bank co-publication has been made available as open access.
Author(s): Brajesh Panth (editor), Rupert Maclean (editor)
Series: Education in the Asia-Pacific Region: Issues, Concerns and Prospects 55
Edition: 1
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2020
Language: English
Pages: 351
City: Cham
Series Editors’ Introduction
Foreword
Acknowledgements
Contents
Contributors
Abbreviations
List of Figures
1 Introductory Overview: Anticipating and Preparing for Emerging Skills and Jobs—Issues, Concerns, and Prospects
Assessing the Appropriateness of Various Skills for Employability
Overview of the Contents of This Book
References
Part IIntroduction
2 The Future of Work: Is This Time Different?
3 Future Implications of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on Education and Training
Issues and Challenges
Proposed Solutions
Significant Examples of Good Practices
Teacher Advisor with Watson 1.0
Georgia Tech’s AI-Backed Teaching Assistant
PRC’s AI-Enabled Education
Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence
California Community College System’s “Doing What Matters”
Stanford Mobile Inquiry-based Learning Environment (SMILE)
Application of These Good Practices or Examples
Implication for the Future/Moving Forward
Conclusion
References
4 Quality Education and Economic Development
Schooling and Growth
Educational Challenges
The Economics of Universal Basic Skills
References
5 Human Capital Development in South Asia
Achievements and Challenges in Education and Skills Development
Education
Skills Development
Policy Actions for Human Capital Development
Conclusion
References
6 Anticipating and Preparing for the Future—One Example from Higher Education: The Singapore Management University (SMU) Experience
Talent Pipeline to Prepare for the Future
Technology—Disruptor and Enabler
Trust—The Way Forward
Conclusion
7 Developing Twenty-First-Century Skills for Future Jobs and Societies
Issues and Challenges
Proposed Solutions
Examples of Good Practices
Application of These Good Practices or Examples
Implication for the Future/Moving Forward
Conclusion
References
Part IIKindergarten to Grade 12 (K–12) Reforms
8 Boosting Student Learning: PISA for Development
Introduction
Issues and Challenges
Proposed Solutions
Enhancing PISA to Make it Relevant to a Wider Range of Countries
Partnership for Success
Examples of Good Practices
Application of These Good Practices or Examples
Way Forward: Collaboration with Current and Future PISA Countries
Conclusion
References
9 Essentials Over Peripherals: The CVIF Dynamic Learning Program
Introduction
A Package of Solutions: The CVIF Dynamic Learning Program
Essential Program Components
Parallel Classes
Activity-Based Learning by Doing
In-School Comprehensive Portfolio
Strategic Rest
Performance Indicators
Conclusion
References
10 Guiding Kindergarten to Grade 12 Students to Mastery with Next Generation Digital Assessments
References
11 Nongovernment Organizations’ Role in Providing Quality School Education in Pakistan: The Experiences of CARE Foundation
Issues and Challenges
Proposed Solutions
CARE Foundation’s Good Practices
Application of These Good Practices
Implications for the Future
Conclusion
References
12 Kindergarten to Grade 12 Reforms in Viet Nam
Issues and Challenges
Proposed Solutions
Examples of Good Practices
Application of These Good Practices
Implications for the Future
References
Part IIITransformational Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET)
13 Philippine Experience in Dual Training System
Issues and Challenges
Proposed Solutions
Examples of Good Practices in the Philippines
K to 12 Plus Project
e-TESDA: TESDA Online Program (TOP)
Don Bosco Training Institute
MFI Foundation
Application of These Good Practices or Examples
Implication for the Future
Conclusion
References
14 Infrastructure and Pedagogy Innovation—A Differentiating Factor in TVET
Issues and Challenges Faced by TVET Development
Infrastructure and Pedagogic Innovation as a Differentiating Factor in TVET
TVET Infrastructure Innovation
TVET Pedagogy Innovation
Moving Forward
Conclusion
15 Industry-Led Training and Apprenticeships: The New Zealand Model
Issues and Challenges
Arranging Training
Standard Setting
Further Reading
16 Gram Tarang: Skills Development for Priority Sectors in India
Issues and Challenges
Proposed Solution: Training Provider’s Perspective: Centurion University—Gram Tarang Model
Examples of Good Practices
Application of These Good Practices: Training Methodology
Implications for the Future: Career Progression, Lifelong Learning
Conclusion: Value of a Revenue Model
References
17 Challenges and Opportunities for Transforming Skills Development in Bangladesh: The Case of the Skills for Employment Investment Program
Issues and Challenges
Proposed Solutions
Examples of Good Practices
Challenges and Implications for the Future
Conclusion
References
18 TVET System Reform and Development in the PRC
PRC’s TVET System Reform and Development in 2010–2020
Good Practices in TVET: Local Examples from the PRC
Joint Determination and Development of TVET Programs with Industry and Employers
Promotion of Work-Based Learning and Recruitment of Industry Practitioners
Skills Standards, Qualifications Framework, and Quality Assurance
Challenges and Future of TVET System Reform and Development in the PRC
Lessons from TVET System Reform and Development in the PRC
References
Part IVHigher Education to Promote Higher Level Skills
19 Higher Education Innovations: Hong Kong, China; the Republic of Korea; and Indonesia
Issues and Challenges
Proposed Solutions
Examples of Good Practices
Developing a World-Class University: The Case of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Universities for the Digital Age: The Case of the State University of New York Korea and KAIST Business School
University Strategic Partnerships: Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
The Swiss Model of Partnership in Higher Education: ETH Zurich
Application of These Good Practices
Implications for the Future
Conclusion
References
20 Collaborative Innovation Between Shenzhen Municipal Government and Tsinghua University
Issues and Challenges
Proposed Solutions
Good Practices
Shenzhen Innovation Ecosystem
Tsinghua-UC Berkeley Shenzhen Institute
Application of These Good Practices
Implication for the Future
Conclusion
References
21 Regional Approaches to Improving Education in the Pacific and the Role of the University of the South Pacific
Expanding Access to Tertiary Education Through Enhanced Regional Campuses
Facilitating Pacific Regional Education Initiatives
The Pacific Regional Education Framework
Promoting Open Distance and Flexible Learning for Quality Teaching and Learning
Conclusion
References
22 Stimulating Entrepreneurship Activity at SUNY Korea, from Scratch
Background
The Center for Global Entrepreneurship at SUNY Korea
Major Issues and Challenges at the CGE
Practices and Solutions
Moving Forward
Conclusion
References
Part VTransformational Edtech
23 An Overview of Innovations in Online Learning
Challenges in Education Addressed by Online Courses
Promising Online Learning Technologies: Key Trends Worldwide
Implications for Asia and the Pacific
Further Reading
References
24 Bringing TVET up to Speed: Regional Overview of ICT-Enhanced Practices in TVET
Issues and Challenges
Proposed Solutions
Examples of Good Practices
Application of These to Promote Good Practices
Implications for the Future
Conclusion
References
25 Funzi Uses the Power of Mobile to Give Everyone Cost-Effective Access to Quality Learning
How Do We Teach for a World that Never Has Been?
What is Transformation? and How Fast Is It?
The Power of Digital Technology
The Weakness of Digital Approaches in Education
The Mobile Revolution
The Future of Learning is in Your Pocket
Yes, It Does Work
Practical Examples
Conclusion
Reference
26 Udemy: Blended and e-Learning for Transforming Teaching and Learning
Issues and Challenges: The Potential for Impact
Proposed Solutions
Why the Udemy Marketplace Model Works
How the Udemy Marketplace Works
Implications for the Future
Conclusion
References
27 Mindtree’s Experience in Global Learning Center
Issues and Challenges
Proposed Solution
Mindtree’s Approach
Physical, Digital, Intellectual, and Emotional Infrastructure
Pedagogy, the Way One Learns
Examples of Good Practices
Application of These Good Practices
Real-World Problems
G8 Living and Learning
Industry Connect
Learning Platforms
Electives
Implications for the Future
Conclusion
28 Teacher Professional Development at Scale in the Global South
Equity, Quality, and Efficiency Challenges for Teacher Professional Development
Addressing the Challenges with TPD@Scale
Examples of Existing Practices
TESS-India
Critical Issues
Conclusion
References
29 Coding as an Essential Skill in the Twenty-First Century
Education Today
Issues and Challenges
Online Learning
The Tech Industry Today
Proposed Solutions
Women in Tech
School Curriculum Changes/Corporate Partnerships
Technology in Education
Examples of Good Practice
Implications for the Future: The Changing Job Market; New Roles/Industries
Conclusion
Part VITechnology Platforms for Skills Gaps Bridging, Career Counseling, and Guidance
30 Empowering Filipino Youth Through Technology and Community
Issues and Challenges
Lack of Information
Lack of Access
Lack of Guidance
Proposed Solutions
Leveraging Trends in Technology to Reach Youth at a Broader Scale
Creating an Ecosystem that Approaches Education to Employment from Various Perspectives
Examples of Good Practices
Creation of Online Platforms Supported by Offline Engagement
Promotion of Opportunities Addressing Affordability
Development of Engaging Multimedia Content
Application of Practices
Development of Edukasyon.ph and Execution of School Fairs Across the Philippines
Launch of Project Layag Scholarship Platform
Implementation of Corporate-Partnered Campaigns
Implications for the Future
Conclusion
References
31 Singapore’s Experience in Analyzing the Labor Market Using Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Analytics
Breakdown of Challenges
Real-Time Awareness of Labor Market Skills Demand
Getting Buy-in from Enterprises and Individuals
Individuals
Singapore’s Case Study
SkillsFuture Initiative
AI-Powered National Jobs Portal
Digital Career Guidance and Adaptive Curriculum
Helping Enterprises Transform Their Workforce
Evaluation
Conclusion
32 How Technology Affects Jobs: A Smarter Future for Skills, Jobs, and Growth in Asia
Issues and Challenges
Recent Evidence
Implications for the Future
Conclusion
References
33 Skills Development Driven by Labor Market Demand
Sources of Labor Market Information
Collaboration Between Skill Development and Public Employment Services
Conclusion
References
34 Implications of Industry 4.0 on Skills Development
Issues and Challenges
IR 4.0 Challenges and Changes to the Workforce and the Society
Proposed or Useful Solutions
Learning How to Learn in a Digital Age—Embed Lifelong Learning into Schools
Changes to the Educational System
Making Use of New Technologies for Teaching and Learning
Big Data and AI Enabling New Types Learning
Examples of Good Practices
Application of Good Practices or Examples
Developing National Plans for Coordination of Industry and/or Education Towards IR 4.0
Stimulating Greater Technology Adoption and Worker Reskilling
Promoting a Shift in Emphasis from Qualifications to Skills
Building Inclusiveness to Extend Benefits for All Workers
Specific Initiatives to Support TVET and Educational Development
Implications for the Future
Conclusion
Part VIICross-Sectoral Collaboration for Skills Development
35 Build4Skills, TVET, and Infrastructure—An Innovative Initiative
TVET in German Development Policy
Untapped Potential for TVET in Development Banks’ Infrastructure Projects
The Innovative Vision of Build4Skills
Build4Skills Taking Shape—A Pilot Project in Mongolia
Build4Skills—Moving Forward
36 STEAM Platform: Transforming Youth Leadership for a Smart Circular Economy
The Problem Stated
Finding Possible Remedies
How Is This Accomplished?
Moving Forward
Conclusion
37 Human Resource Development and Gender Mainstreaming Under ADB-Funded Technical and Vocational Education and Training Project in Tajikistan
Key Issues
Gender Mainstreaming
TVET System Methodology Modernized
Physical Learning Facilities in Selected TVET Institutions Upgraded
Access to Quality TVET Programs Improved
Governance and Management of TVET System Strengthened
Conclusion
References
38 European Training Foundation: Sector and Cross-Sector Cooperation
Issues and Challenges
Proposed Solutions
Examples of Good Practices
Implications for the Future
Conclusion
References/Further Reading
39 Developing a Robust System for Upskilling and Reskilling the Workforce: Lessons from the SkillsFuture Movement in Singapore
The Fourth Industrial Revolution
Implications of the Fourth Industrial Revolution for Education and Training Systems
The SkillsFuture Movement
Critical Success Factors for the SkillsFuture Movement
Conclusion
References
40 Conclusion and Recommendations: Implications and Way Forward
Key Achievements
Major Challenges
Moving Forward
References
Index
