Content: Living and dormant polymers : a critical review / Michael Szwarc --
Current status of anionic polymerization / Maurice Morton --
Synthesis of controlled polymer structures / Ralph Milkovich --
Synthesis of model macromolecules of various types via anionic polymerization / Paul Rempp, Emile Franta, and Jean Herz --
Relationship of anion pair structure to stereospecificity of polymerization / S. Bywater --
Some aspects of ion pair-ligand interactions / Johannes Smid --
The influence of aromatic ethers on the association of the polystyryllithium and 1,1-diphenylmethyllithium active centers in benzene / Lewis J. Fetters and Ronald N. Young --
The photoisomerization of allylic carbanions / Ronald N. Young --
Solvation of alkyllithium compounds : steric effects on heats of interaction of tetrahydrofurans with polyisoprenyllithium and polystyryllithium / Roderic P. Quirk --
Anionic polymerization of the strontium salt of one-ended living polystyrene in tetrahydrofuran and tetrahydropyran / C. De Smedt and M. Van Beylen --
Dynamics of ionic processes in low polar media / Andre Persoons and Jacques Everaert --
NMR characterization of ion pair structure / D.J. Worsfold --
Polymerization of methyl methacrylate initiated by t-butyl- and phenylmagnesium compounds : factors influencing the nature of the active centers / P.E.M. Allen, M.C. Fisher, C. Mair, and E.H. Williams --
Anionic polymerization of [epsilon]-caprolactone for block copolymer synthesis / Yuya Yamashita --
Original anionic pathway to new PA(PO)₂ star-shaped block polymers based on polyvinyl or polydiene hydrocarbons and polyoxirane / R. Jerôme, Ph. Teyssie, and G. Huynh-Ba --
Ion pair structure and stereochemistry in anionic oligomerization and polymerization of some vinyl monomers / T.E. Hogen-Esch, W.L. Jenkins, R.A. Smith, and C.F. Tien --
Living anionic stereospecific polymerization of 2-vinylpyridine / Alain Soum and Michel Fontanille --
Kinetics and mechanism of anionic polymerization of lactones / Stanislaw Słomkowski and Stanislaw Penczek --
Use of cryptates in anionic polymerization of heterocyclic compounds / Sylvie Boileau --
Anionic polymerization of acrolein : kinetic study and the possibility of block polymer synthesis : mechanisms of initiation and propagation reactions / D. Gulino, Q.T. Pham, J. Golé, and J.P. Pascault --
Studies on the anionic polymerization of methyl methacrylate initiated with butyllithium in toluene by using perdeuterated monomer / Koichi Hatada, Tatsuki Kitayama, Kinzo Fumikawa, Koji Ohta, and Heimei Yuki --
Synthesis of copolymers using ionic techniques / D.H. Richards --
Anionic polymerization of triphenylmethyl methacrylate / Yoshio Okamoto, Koji Ohta, Koichi Hatada, and Heimei Yuki --
C-13 NMR study of the propagating live end in the butyllithium polymerization of 1,3-butadiene / Adel F. Halasa, V.D. Mochel, and G. Fraenkel --
Anionic polymerization : some commercial applications / H.L. Hsieh, R.C. Farrar, and K. Udipi --
Industrial applications of anionic polymerization : past, present, and future / Adel F. Halasa --
Functionally terminal polymers via anionic methods / D.N. Schulz, J.C. Sanda, and B.G. Willoughby --
Present view of the anionic polymerization of methyl methacrylate and related esters in polar solvents / Axel H.E. Müller --
Anionic polymerization of isoprene by the complexes oligoisoprenyllithium/tertiary polyamines in cyclohexane. 1, Kinetic study / Sylviane Dumas, Joseph Sledz, and Francois Schué --
Preparation of polymeric free-radical initiators by anionic synthesis : polymeric azo derivatives / G. Riess and R. Reeb --
Coupling reactions of carbanionic polymers by elemental compounds such as oxygen and sulfur / J.M. Catala, J.F. Boscato, E. Franta, and J. Brossas --
Cyclic sulfonium zwitterions : novel anionic initiators for the control of cyclooligomerization of isocyanates / J.E. Kresta, C.S. Shen, K.H. Hsieh, and K.C. Frisch --
Anionic polymerization. 7, Polymerization and copolymerization with lithium-nitrogen-bonded initiator / Tai Chun Cheng --
Anionic copolymerization of butadiene and isoprene with organolithium initiators in hexane / I.-C. Wang, Y. Mohajer, T.C. Ward, G.L. Wilkes, and James E. McGrath --
The reactivity of polydiene anions with divinylbenzene / M.K. Martin, T.C. Ward, and James E. McGrath.
Author(s): James E. McGrath (Eds.)
Series: ACS Symposium Series 166
Publisher: American Chemical Society
Year: 1981
Language: English
Pages: 583
City: Washington, D.C
Title Page......Page 1
Half Title Page......Page 3
Copyright......Page 4
ACS Symposium Series......Page 5
FOREWORD......Page 6
PdftkEmptyString......Page 0
PREFACE......Page 7
1 Living and Dormant Polymers: A Critical Review......Page 10
Literature Cited......Page 23
Kinetics and Mechanism of Polymerization......Page 25
Block Copolymers......Page 38
ABSTRACT......Page 45
Literature Cited......Page 46
Anionic Two-Phase Block Polymers......Page 49
Graft Polymers......Page 55
Literature Cited......Page 64
I -General......Page 66
3- Cyclic (Ring Shaped) Macromolecules......Page 68
5 - Branched Polymers......Page 69
6 - Model Networks......Page 70
I - Block Copolymers......Page 71
"Grafting from" reactions......Page 74
CONCLUSION......Page 75
LITERATURE CITED......Page 76
5 Relationship of Anion Pair Structure to Stereospecificity of Polymerization......Page 78
Literature Cited......Page 84
6 Some Aspects of Ion Pair-Ligand Interactions......Page 85
Crown ether complexes of fluorenyl carbanion salts......Page 86
Polyamine interactions with carbanion pairs......Page 91
Intramolecular ionic interactions......Page 93
Literature Cited......Page 98
7 The Influence of Aromatic Ethers on the Association of the Polystyryllithium and 1,1-Diphenylmethyllithium Active Centers in Benzene......Page 100
Experimental Section......Page 101
Results and Discussion......Page 102
References:......Page 109
8 The Photoisomerization of Allylic Carbanions......Page 112
Results......Page 113
References......Page 120
9 Solvation of Alkyllithium Compounds Steric Effects on Heats of Interaction of Tetrahydrofurans with Polyisoprenyllithium and Polystyryllithium......Page 121
Results and Discussion......Page 122
Literature Cited......Page 129
ABSTRACT......Page 131
1. Preparation of the strontium salt of one-ended living polystyrene (SrS2)......Page 133
1. Strontium salt of one-ended living polystyrene (SrS2 ) in THF......Page 134
3. Strontium tetraphenylboride in THF......Page 138
Kinetic Measurements......Page 147
Literature Cited......Page 154
11 Dynamics of Ionic Processes in Low Polar Media......Page 157
Electric Field Effects in Ionic Equilibria......Page 159
The Field Modulation Technique......Page 161
Results and Discussion......Page 164
Conclusion......Page 177
Literature Cited......Page 178
12 NMR Characterization of Ion Pair Structure......Page 180
Allylalkalimetal Compounds......Page 181
Model diene polymerization systems......Page 184
Literature Cited......Page 186
13 Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate Initiated by t-Butyl- and Phenylmagnesium Compounds Factors Influencing the Nature of the Active Centers......Page 188
Nominal Solvent and Solvation-State of the Initiator......Page 189
The Importance of Exact Specification of Initiation Conditions......Page 191
Medium Effect on Molar-Mass Distribution of Polymers Produced by Initiation and Propagation at 250 Κ Using t-Butylmagnesium Compounds......Page 193
Medium Effect on the Steric Dyad and Triad Composition of Polymers Produced by Initiation and Propagation at 250 Κ and 225 K Using t-Butylmagnesium Compounds......Page 194
Kinetics of the Polymerization Initiated by t-Butylmagnesium Bromide in Toluene Solution......Page 196
Effect of Order on Addition of Reagents......Page 198
Conclusions......Page 199
Literature Cited......Page 200
Equilibrium Cyclic Oligomer Formation......Page 201
Kinetics of Anionic Polymerization and Oligomerization......Page 205
Blockcopolymer Synthesis......Page 209
Literature Cited......Page 211
15 Original Anionic Pathway to New PA(PO)2 Star-Shaped Block Polymers Based on Polyvinyl or Polydiene Hydrocarbons and Polyoxirane......Page 212
Metalation of Naphthalene by Potassium in Tetrahydrofuran at Room Temperature......Page 213
Metalation of β-Ethylnaphthalene by Potassium in THF at Room Temperature......Page 215
Synthesis of Naphthalene Terminated Polymers......Page 218
Metalation of Naphthalene Ended Polyvinyl Aromatic Chains by Potassium in THF At RT......Page 219
Star-Shaped Block Copolymerization......Page 220
Conclusion......Page 226
Literature Cited......Page 229
16 Ion Pair Structure and Stereochemistry in Anionic Oligomerization and Polymerization of Some Vinyl Monomers......Page 231
Literature Cited......Page 238
1. Initiation of the Polymerization......Page 239
2. Study of the Nature of the Active Centers......Page 244
3. Study of the Structure of Active Centers......Page 251
Literature Cited......Page 269
18 Kinetics and Mechanism of Anionic Polymerization of Lactones......Page 270
Initiation and Structure of Growing Species......Page 271
Mechanism and Kinetics of Propagation......Page 272
Abstract......Page 280
Literature Cited......Page 281
19 Use of Cryptates in Anionic Polymerization of Heterocyclic Compounds......Page 282
I. Anionic Polymerization of Propylene Sulfide......Page 283
II. Anionic Polymerization of Ethylene Oxide......Page 284
III. Anionic Polymerization of Cyclosiloxanes......Page 292
Acknowledgements......Page 302
Literature Cited......Page 303
20 Anionic Polymerization of Acrolein Kinetic Study and the Possibility of Block Polymer Synthesis: Mechanisms of Initiation and Propagation Reactions......Page 305
Molecular Weights......Page 306
Kinetic Results......Page 307
Block Polymer Synthesis......Page 311
Discussion and Conclusion......Page 321
Literature Cited......Page 324
Experimental......Page 325
Results......Page 327
Discussion......Page 335
Literature Cited......Page 338
Anionic Techniques......Page 340
Cationic Techniques......Page 343
Tertiary Amines......Page 344
Secondary Amines......Page 346
Primary Amines......Page 348
Literature Cited......Page 349
Polymerization of TrMA with BuLi (2, 3)......Page 350
Copolymerization of TrMA and MMA with BuLi (6, 7)......Page 351
Copolymerization of TrMA and MBMA with BuLi (8, 9, 10, 11)......Page 352
Polymerization of TrMA by Optically Active Catalysts (12, 16)......Page 355
Literature Cited......Page 361
24 C-13 NMR Study of the Propagating Live End in the Butyllithium Polymerization of 1,3-Butadiene......Page 363
Results and Discussion......Page 364
Conclusions......Page 379
Literature Cited......Page 382
25 Anionic Polymerization: Some Commercial Applications......Page 384
Polydienes......Page 385
Diene-Styrene Copolymers......Page 389
Literature Cited......Page 400
26 Industrial Applications of Anionic Polymerization: Past, Present, and Future......Page 403
HOMOPOLYMERIZATION......Page 405
BLOCK COPOLYMERS OF HIGH VINYL SOFT SEGMENTS......Page 413
RANDOM COPOLYMERS OF STYRENE/BUTADIENE......Page 416
SUMMARY......Page 418
Literature Cited......Page 419
27 Functionally Terminal Polymers via Anionic Methods......Page 421
Experimental......Page 422
Literature Cited......Page 432
28 Present View of the Anionic Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate and Related Esters in Polar Solvents......Page 435
Kinetics of the propagation reaction in the polymerization of MMA......Page 437
Tacticities of the polymers......Page 445
Kinetic investigations on the termination reactions......Page 446
Literature Cited......Page 452
29 Anionic Polymerization of Isoprene by the Complexes Oligoisoprenyllithium/Tertiary Polyamines in Cyclohexane. I. Kinetic Study......Page 456
Kinetic study of the propagation reaction by ultraviolet spectroscopy.......Page 458
Variation of νp in function of r = amine/living ends......Page 459
Determination of the orders......Page 462
Discussion......Page 464
Experimental......Page 466
Literature cited......Page 467
30 Preparation of Polymeric Free-Radical Initiators by Anionic Synthesis: Polymeric Azo Derivatives......Page 469
EXPERIMENTAL......Page 470
RESULTS......Page 471
Acknowledgments......Page 473
Literature Cited......Page 474
Reactions of Anionic Sites With Oxygen as a Deactivation Reagent......Page 475
Mechanism of the reaction......Page 476
2 - Oxidation of anionic polymers in solution......Page 478
2.1 - Influence of the oxidation mode......Page 480
2.2 - Influence of the Living End Concentration......Page 481
2.4 -Influence of the Temperature......Page 482
2.5 - Influence of the Anionic Ends Structures......Page 483
3 - Oxidation of Anionic Polymers in the Solid State......Page 484
III- REACTION OF ANIONIC SITES WITH SUIFUR: S8, AS A DEACTIVATING REAGENT......Page 486
Literature Cited......Page 491
32 Cyclic Sulfonium Zwitterions Novel Anionic Initiators for the Control of Cyclooligomerization of Isocyanates......Page 493
Measurement of Kinetics......Page 494
Results and Discussion......Page 495
Literature Cited......Page 504
33 Anionic Polymerization. VII Polymerization and Copolymerization with Lithium-Nitrogen-Bonded Initiator......Page 505
Experimental......Page 506
Results and Discussion......Page 507
Acknowledgement......Page 519
Literature Cited......Page 520
34 Anionic Copolymerization of Butadiene and Isoprene with Organolithium Initiators in Hexane......Page 521
Copolymerization Apparatus and Techniques......Page 523
Kinetic Study......Page 524
Homopolymerization of Butadiene and Isoprene in n-Hexane......Page 526
Kinetic Study on the Copolymerization of Butadiene and Isoprene in Hexane......Page 534
Conclusions......Page 543
LITERATURE CITED......Page 546
35 The Reactivity of Polydiene Anions with Divinylbenzene......Page 548
Experimental......Page 549
Results and Discussion......Page 554
Influence of the DVB/RLi Molar Ratio......Page 556
Conclusion......Page 567
Literature Cited......Page 570
Β......Page 572
C......Page 573
D......Page 574
F......Page 575
I......Page 576
M......Page 577
O......Page 578
Ρ......Page 579
S......Page 581
T......Page 582
Ζ......Page 583
