This volume is concerned with diplomacy between England and the papal curia during the first phase of the Anglo-French conflict known as the Hundred Years' War (1305-1360). On the one hand, Barbara Bombi compares how the practice of diplomacy, conducted through both official and unofficial diplomatic communications, developed in England and at the papal curia alongside the formation of bureaucratic systems. On the other hand, she questions how the Anglo-French conflict and political change during the reigns of Edward II and Edward III impacted on the growth of diplomatic services both in England and the papal curia. Through the careful examination of archival and manuscript sources preserved in English, French, and Italian archives, this book argues that the practice of diplomacy in fourteenth-century Europe nurtured the formation of a "shared language of diplomacy". The latter emerged from the need to "translate" different traditions thanks to the adaptation of house-styles, formularies, and ceremonial practices as well as through the contribution of intermediaries and diplomatic agents acquainted with different diplomatic and legal traditions. This argument is mostly demonstrated in the second part of the book, where the author examines four relevant case studies: the papacy's move to France after the election of Pope Clement V (1305) and the succession of Edward II to the English throne (1307); Anglo-papal relations between the war of St Sardos (1324) and the deposition of Edward II in 1327; the outbreak of the Hundred Years' Wars in 1337; and lastly the conclusion of the first phase of the war, which was marked in 1360 by the agreement between England and France known as the Treaty of Brétigny-Calais.
Author(s): Barbara Bombi
Series: Oxford Studies in Medieval European History
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Year: 2019
Language: English
Pages: 288
City: Oxford
Cover
Anglo-Papal Relations in the Early Fourteenth Century: A Study in Medieval Diplomacy
Copyright
Dedication
Acknowledgements
Contents
List of Abbreviations
Introduction
PART I: MODALITIES OF MEDIEVAL DIPLOMACY
1: Bureaucratization of Polities in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries
THE BUREAUCRATIZATION IN ENGLAND AND AT THE PAPAL CURIA DURING THE THIRTEENTH AND FOURTEENTH CENTURIES: A HISTORIOGRAPHICAL SURVEY
Bureaucratization, literacy, and record-keeping
Bureaucratization and finances
BUREAUCRATIZATION OF ENGLAND AND THEPAPACY IN THE THIRTEENTH AND FOURTEENTH CENTURIES: PARALLEL DEVELOPMENTS OR MUTUAL INFLUENCES?
2: Chancery Practices in England and at the Papal Curia During the Fourteenth Century
THE PAPAL CHANCERY AND THE POPE’S SECRETARIES
THE ENGLISH CHANCERY
THE FORMATION OF A ‘SHARED LANGUAGE OF DIPLOMACY’
3: The Conveyance of Messages at the Papal Curia
ORAL MESSAGES CONVEYED AT THE PAPAL CURIA
WRITTEN DIPLOMATIC DOCUMENTS AND PETITIONS
CONCLUSIONS
4: The Importance of Unofficial Contacts
THE ENGLISH CROWN’S CONTACTS AT THE PAPAL CURIA DURING THE FIRST HALF OF THE FOURTEENTH CENTURY
THE ADVANTAGE OF FOSTERING THE RIGHT SORT OF CONNECTIONS
REWARDS AND GIFTS
CONCLUSIONS
5: Representatives and Proctors
ENGLISH REPRESENTATIVES AT THE PAPAL CURIA
PAPAL REPRESENTATIVES IN ENGLAND
CONCLUSIONS
PART II: CASE STUDIES
6: The Election of Clement V and Edward II’s Succession
THE HISTORIOGRAPHICAL DEBATE AND POPE CLEMENT V ’s ALLEGIANCES
THE GROWTH OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN 1305 AND 1306
ANGLO-PAPAL DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE AFTER THE SUCCESSION OF EDWARD II
CONCLUSIONS
APPENDIX 1: A COMPARISON BETWEEN TNA, C 70/1 AND TNA, C 70/2
7: The War of St Sardos and the Deposition of Edward II (1323–1327)
PAPAL ADMINISTRATIVE PRACTICES AND CONFLICT: JOHN XXII’s REGISTERS OF SECRET LETTERS
ENGLISH DIPLOMATIC RECORDS CONCERNING THE WAR OF ST SARDOS
CONCLUSIONS
8: Benedict XII and the Outbreak of the Hundred Years’ War
ANGLO-PAPAL RELATIONS BETWEEN 1335 AND 1342
THE ENGLISH CROWN’S DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN 1337 AND 1342
CONCLUSIONS
9: From the Battle of Poitiers to the Treaty of Brétigny-Calais: Administrative and Diplomatic Practice in England and at the Papal Curia
ENGLISH DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN 1356 AND 1360: CHANCERY OR PRIVY SEAL?
INNOCENT VI’s SECRETARIES AND THEIR RECORDS (1356–1360)
CONCLUSIONS
Conclusions
Archival and Manuscript Sources
Primary Sources
Secondary Sources
Index
